Antenna transformer on a ferite ring. Self-contained wide-range symmetrical chokes and transformers on ferite tubes. See the narrow transformers

Antennas Tunery

ACS. Antenna tuners. Schemes. Look around the branded tuners

In amateur radio practice, it is not often possible to shoot antennas, for some input opir є equal to the feeder's winding support, and wind the transmitting output support.

For most vipadkivs, such viability does not come into play, so it is necessary to win the specialization of antennas of the narrow extension. Antenna, feeder and output transmission (transiver) are included in a single system, energy is transmitted without any cost.

What do you need an antenna tuner for?

Vіd Oleksiya RN6LLV:

At this video, I will tell the radio amateurs about antenna tuners.

An antenna tuner is now needed, as well as competently vikoristovuvat at once with an antenna, and like typical pardons about tuner jamming are found in radio amateurs.

To go about the ready-made virib - tuner (vibration by the company), if it is necessary to encourage the authorities, to spare or to experiment - then you can skip the video and divas. far (below).

Call from the bottom - look at the branded tuners.

Antenna tuner, buy an antenna tuner, digital tuner + with antenna, automatic antenna tuner antenna tuner LDG, SW meter

All-range uzgojuvalny attachment (with separate coils)

Replacing condensers and 2-way changeover switch R-104 (BSN block).

For the number of appointments of capacitors, it is possible to close 2-sections, in the form of radio receivers, by increasing the sections in sequence and insulating the case and the entire capacitor in the chassis.

You can also zastosuvat zvichayny biscuit peremikach, replacing the entire wrapping on dielectric (sklotekstolit).

Details of the tuner coils and accessories:

L-1 2.5 turns, wire AgCu 2 mm, outer coil diameter 18 mm.

L-2 4.5 turns, wire AgCu 2 mm, outer coil diameter 18 mm.

L-3 3.5 turns, wire AgCu 2 mm, outer coil diameter 18 mm.

L-4 4.5 turns, wire AgCu 2 mm, outer coil diameter 18 mm.

L-5 3.5 turns, wire AgCu 2 mm, outer coil diameter 18 mm.

L-6 4.5 turns, wire AgCu 2 mm, outer coil diameter 18 mm.

L-7 5.5 turns, drіt PEV 2.2 mm, outer diameter of the coil 30 mm.

L-8 8.5 turns, drіt PEV 2.2 mm, outer diameter of the coil 30 mm.

L-9 14.5 turns, drіt PEV 2.2 mm, outer diameter of the coil 30 mm.

L-10 14.5 turns, drіt PEV 2.2 mm, outer diameter of the coil 30 mm.

Dzherelo: http://ra1ohx.ru/publ/schemy_radioljubitelju/soglasujushhie_ustrojstva_antennye_tjunery/vsediapazonnoe_su_s_razdelnymi_katushkami/19-1-0-652

Just use the antenna LW - "dovgy drіt"

It was necessary to launch 80 and 40 meters at someone else's booth, I can't get out of the house, and I can't get to the installation of the antenna.

Throwing from the third balcony on top of a field tree more than 30 m. Taking a piece of plastic pipe with a diameter of approximately 5 cm, winding about 80 turns of a drota with a diameter of 1 mm. From the bottom, sprout through the skin 5 turns, and to the beast through 10 turns. Zibrav on the balcony axis is such the simplest uzgodzhuyuchiy attachment.

On the wall, put the field strength indicator. Having increased the range of 80 m in the QRP mode, to the beast of the cat, we have adjusted our "antenna" to resonance with the maximum reading of the indicator, then we have lowered the output to the minimum of the CVP.

It didn’t take an hour, I didn’t put the biscuits on that. and coils "bіgav" with help crocodiles. The whole European part of Russia, especially at 40 m, told me about such a surrogate. This, obviously, is not the right antenna, but the information will be correct.

RW4CJH info - qrz.ru

Uzgodzhuvalny attachment for low-frequency antennas

Radioamatori, yakі live at the rich top booths, often jam on the low-frequency ranges of the frame antenna.

Such antennas do not require high shanks (they can be stretched between the houses at equal heights), good grounding, for their livelihood it is possible to put a cable, and the stench is less shilling.

In practice, the variant of the frame is in the form of a tricot, because for the suspension it needs a minimum number of points of attachment.

As a rule, more short-haired ones should be able to use such antennas as a rich range, prote in the right way to the edge, and secure the best possible antenna with a feeder on all operating ranges.

Extending more than 10 years vicorous antenna of the Delta type on all bands from 3.5 to 28 MHz. Її osoblinosti - tserozashuvannya at the expanse of that vikoristannya uzgodzhuvalnogo outbuilding.

Two vertices of the antenna are fixed on the level of the dahivs of five overhead buds, the third (pinned) - on the balconies of the 3rd top, the wires are introduced into the apartment and connected to the narrow extension, which is connected with transmission by cable of a sufficient length.

At tsimu, the perimeter of the antenna frame is close to 84 meters.

The principle diagram of the Uzgodzhuvalny outbuilding is induced by a little right-hander.

Uzgodzhuvalny attachment is made up of a wide-range metering transformer T1 and a P-circuit, fitted with an L1 coil with inputs and capacitors that are connected to it.

One of the options for the transformer T1 is shown in fig. levoruch.

Details. Transformer T1 winding on a ferite ring with a diameter of at least 30 mm with a magnetic penetration of 50-200 (non-critical). The winding is wound one hour with two PEV-2 wires with a diameter of 0.8 - 1.0 mm, the number of turns is 15 - 20.

Coil U-contour with a diameter of 40...45 mm and a dove of 70 mm vikonan with bare or enameled copper wire with a diameter of 2-2.5 mm. The number of turns is 13, the number of turns is 2; 2.5; 3; 6 turns, looking up at the left one behind the scheme of seeing L1. Substructures of capacitors type KPK-1 are assembled on studs, packages of 6 pcs. and may have a capacity of 8 - 30 pF.

Nashtuvannya. In order to fix the uzgodzhuvalny add-on, it is necessary to turn on the SWR meter at the opening of the cable. On the dermal range, the narrowing of the junction is observed to be less SWR for additional built-in capacitors and, if necessary, by selecting the position of the inlet.

Raju in front of the installation of the uzgodzhuvalny annex, I added a new cable and installed the external transmission cascade, connecting it to a new equivalent of transmission. After that, you can install the cable with a narrow extension and complete the installation of the antenna. The band is 80 meters divided into two subbands (CW and SSB). When adjusted, it is easy to reach SWR close to 1 on all ranges.

This system can also be switched on the WARC bands (requires only a choice of inputs) and on 160 m, depending on the increase in the number of turns of the coil and the perimeter of the antenna.

The next thing to note is that it is more fair only for a non-intermediately connected antenna to the narrow extension. Obviously, this design is not to replace the "hvilyovy channel" or "flying square" on 14 - 28 MHz, but it's good to work on all bands and know a lot of problems for quiet ones, which vikoristovuvaty one broad-band antenna.

The replacement of capacitors, which are humming, you can stop the KPI, or else you can change the antenna when switching to a lower range. But, even though at home such an option is not handy, then the Polish people have a lot of truths in their minds. Changed the "delta" options for 7 and 14 MHz, I repeatedly stopped when working at the "field". With this, two peaks were creaked on the trees, and the lifeboat was connected to the narrow extension, which lay without a middle on the ground.

At the end, I can say that for work on the air, only a transiver with a ventilatory tension is close to 120 W without a subdued tension, with an antenna described on the ranges of 3.5; 7 and 14 MHz are not at all difficult, with which I work, as a rule, on a wild week.

S. Smirnov, (EW7SF)

The design of a simple antenna tuner

Antenna tuner design RZ3GI.

I am promoting a simple version of an antenna tuner, chosen for a T-like circuit.

Tested with FT-897D and IV antenna at 80, 40 m.

Will be on all HF bands.

The coil L1 is wound on a mandrel 40 mm with a crochet of 2 mm and may 35 turns, wired with a diameter of 1.2 - 1.5 mm, leads (including the type of "earth") - 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35 vitkiv.

Coil L2 maє 3 turns on a mandrel 25 mm, winding length 25 mm.

Capacitors С1, С2 із С max \u003d 160 pF (for a large UKH station).

SWR meter stays on (for FT - 897D)

Antenna Inverted Vee at 80 and 40 meters - will be on all bands.

Yury Zіborov RZ3GI.

Tuner photo:

"Z-match" antenna tuner

I’ll call it “Z-match” in the absence of any design and schemes, I would say more designs below the schemes.

The basis of the circuit solution, as I have seen it, is widely expanded in the Internet and offline literature, everything looks something like this (div. right-handed):

І axis, looking at the impersonal schemes, photographs and notes of placement at the edge, I had an idea to choose an antenna tuner for myself.

My hardware magazine was leaning under my hand (so, so, I am an old-school addict - old school, like juveniles appear) and on the other side a scheme of a new device for my radio station was born.

I had a chance to learn the side of the magazine “for getting better”:

It is worth remembering that there may be significant powers in the case of pershogerel. I became zastosovuvat іnductivnu zv'yazok za antena z її symmetrіchnіstyu, less dosit autotransformer circuit tk. It is not planned to live the antennas with a symmetrical line. To improve the clarity of the control over the antenna-feeder spores, I added an SWR meter and a wattmeter to the main circuit.

Having finished with the layout of the elements of the scheme, you can proceed to the layout:

The Crimean corps is brought to prepare and deaky radio elements, one of the few radio components, as a radio amator can operate the same inductance coil:

And the axis that resulted in the result is in the middle of that ring:

The scale has not yet been marked, the front panel is faceless and not informative, but the brand is PRATSYU! І tse good ...

R3MAV. info - r3mav.ru

Uzgodzhuyushchy attachment for analogy Alinco EDX-1

Tsya scheme of the antenna uzgozhuvalnogo add-on I have positioned from the branded Alinco EDX-1 HF ANTENNA TUNER, which is a pratsyuvav from my DX-70.

Details:

C1 and C2 300 pf. Capacitors from the case of a dielectric. Croc plates 3mm. Rotor 20 plates. Stator 19. Ale, you can zastosuvat zdvoenі KPI with plastic dielectric in the form of old transistor priymachiv or repeat dielectric 2x12-495 pf. (like a sign)

You ask: “But why aren’t you?”. Right in that the coaxial cable is soldered without a middle to the stator, but at 50 Ohm, can a spark slip through such a low support?

Sufficiently stretch the condenser "barely" with a dart a line of 7-10 cm long, like a fire to burn blue half-lights. To remove static, the capacitors can be shunted with a 15 kOhm 2 W resistor (quote from "Supporting the tension of the UA3AIC design").

L1 - 20 turns of silver dart D=2.0 mm, frameless D=20 mm. Vіdvedennya, rahuyuchi vіd upper for the scheme of kintsya:

L2 25 turns, PEL 1.0, wound on two ferrite rings folded at once, size D outer = 32 mm, D inner = 20 mm.

Tovshchina of one ring = 6 mm.

(For 3.5 MHz).

L3 28 turns, and the same as L2 (For 1.8 MHz).

Alas, it’s a pity, at that hour I didn’t know the proper stumps and made it like this: Vitochiv s orgskla studs and wrapped darts around them until they were full. Subsequently, in succession - ce viyshov equivalent of L2.

On a mandrel with a diameter of 18 mm (it is possible to vicorate a plastic sleeve in the form of a 12-gauge towel), winding up to a turn winding 36 turns - a ceiling analogue of L3.

You can see everything on the sign. І SWR meter also. SWR meter from the description of Tarasov A. UT2FW "HF-VHF" No. 5 for 2003 rec.

Uzgodzhuvalny attachment for antennas delta, square, trapezium

Among the radio amateurs, the popularity of a loop antenna with a perimeter of 84 m is very popular. Such a compromise can be accepted, as if it were practicable for a lamp-like underpressure, but even if it is possible a modern transceiver, there is no way to the right. It is necessary to use an adaptive device, which will set the SWR on the skin band, which is similar to the normal operation of the transiver. HA5AG rozpovіd me for a simple uzgodzhuvalny pristіy and nadіslav me a short yogo description (look at the little ones). Attachments for splitting for loop antennas are practically any shape (delta, square, trapezium, thin)

Short description:

The author's uzgodzhuvalny attachment was tested on the antenna, the shape of which mayzhe is square, installed at a height of 13 m in a horizontal position. The input opir of the QUAD antenna on the 80 m band is 85 ohms, and on the harmonics 150 - 180 ohms. Hvilyovy opir to the cable of life 50 Ohm. The manager was to fit the cable with the input support of the antenna 85 - 180 Ohm. For the sake of convenience, the transformer Tr1 and the coil L1 were installed.

At a range of 80 m, behind the auxiliary relay P1, the coil n3 is short-circuited. At the lance cable, it is necessary to turn on the n2 coil, as for its own inductance, put the input support of the antenna at 50 ohms. On other bands, P1 is switched off. The lancet cable includes coils n2 + n3 (6 turns) and the antenna is 180 ohm to 50 ohm.

L1 - cat, what do I move. Vіn know your stasis on the 30 m band. On the right, the third harmonic of the 80 m band does not match with the allowable frequency range of the 30 m band. (3 x 3600 kHz = 10800 kHz). Transformer T1 to fit the antenna at 10500 KHz, but still not enough, it is necessary to turn on the L1 coil and in such an included antenna it is already resonant at a frequency of 10100 KHz. For this, after the help of K1, relay P2 is switched on, which opens its normally closed contacts. L1 can also be used in the range of 80 m, if it is necessary to work in the telegraph office. On the 80th smuga band, the antenna resonance is close to 120 kHz. To increase the resonance frequency, you can increase L1. The L1 coil is turned on, which gradually lowers the SWR and on the 24 MHz frequency, as well as on the 10 m band.

Uzgodzhuvalny attachment has three functions:

1. Ensuring the symmetrical livelihood of the antenna, the fragments of the antenna fabric are insulated on the RF output of the "ground" through the coils of the transformer Tr1 and L1.

2. Uzgodzhuє impedance, we will describe in a higher way.

3. Behind the auxiliary coil n2 and n3 of the transformer Tr1, set the resonance of the antenna at the different frequency ranges. About the following report: If the antenna is tuned to the frequency of 3600 kHz (without the inclusion of the uzgodzhuvalny attachment), then on the 40 m band it will resonate at 7200 kHz, on 20 m at 14400 kHz, and on 10 m lower at 28800 kHz. Tse means - the antenna needs to be lowered in the skin range, and if so, the frequency of the band will need to be lowered more. The axis itself is such a twist to make the antenna better. Coils of the transformer n2 and n3, T1 with a singing inductance, more subdued antenna, more frequency range. In this way, on a 40 m band, the coils are held by a small world, and on a 10 m range, even a significant world. Correctly tuned antenna should be placed at the resonance of the skin band near the first 100 KHz frequency.

The positions of the indicators K1 and K2 for the ranges are indicated in the tables (right-handed):

If the input opir of the antenna on the 80 m band is installed not between 80 - 90 ohms, but between 100 - 120 ohms, then the number of turns of the coil n2 of the transformer T1 will need to be increased by 3, and if the opir is more so by 4. without change.

Translation: UT1DA dzherelo - (http://ut1da.narod.ru) HA5AG

SWR meter

On fig. on the right, the principle diagram of the attachment is shown, which includes an SWR meter, for the help of which it is possible to adjust the Cі-Bi antenna, and the narrow attachment, which allows you to bring the opir of the tuned antenna up to Ra \u003d 50 Ohm.

Elements of the SWR meter: T1 - antenna strum transformer, wound on a ferite ring M50VCh2-24 12x5x4 mm. The first winding I is a conductor with an antenna strum, stretched at the ring, the winding II is 20 turns of wire at the plastic insulation, and it is wound evenly along the entire ring. Capacitors C1 and C2 are of the KPK-MN type, SA1 is a toggle switch, RA1 is a 100 μA microammeter, for example, M4248.

Elements of the narrow attachment: coil L1 - 12 turns PEV-2 0.8, inner diameter - 6, dozhina - 18 mm. Capacitor C7 - type KPK-MN, C8 - whether ceramic or mica, operating voltage not less than 50 V (for transmission voltage not more than 10 watts). Remikach SA2 - PG2-5-12P1NV.

To adjust the SWR meter of yoga, turn it off to the narrow circuit (in t. A) and connect it with a 50-ohm resistor (two parallel-connected MLT-2 100 Ohm resistors), and connect a C-Bi radio station to the input, which works on transmission. In the mode of vimiryuvannya direct whil - in the one indicated in fig. 12.39 in the SA1 position - the attachment is to show 70...100 µA. (This is for transmitting 4 W power. If the voltage is too low, then "100" on the PA1 scale is set otherwise: by selecting a resistor, which shunts PA1 with a shorted resistor R5.)

By switching SA1 to a different position (control of the whirlwind), adjusting C2 will increase the zero reading of RA1.

Then the input and output of the SWR meter are changed by the points (the SWR meter is symmetrical) and the procedure is repeated, setting the "zero" position C1.

At the end of the adjustment of the SWR meter, the yogo turn is connected to the seventh turn of the coil L1.

The SWR of the antenna path is determined by the formula: SWR \u003d (A1 + A2) / (A1-A2), where A1 is the indication of RA1 in the mode of direct wheezing, and A2 is the reverse. I would like to say more here not about SWR, like this, but about the magnitude and nature of the antenna impedance induced to the antenna rose station, about its influence on the active Ra = 50 Ohm.

The antenna path will be improved, as if changing the length of the vibrator, the opposite, sometimes - the length of the feeder, the inductance of the coil, which will change (like it won't) that in. bude otrimaniy minimally possible SWR.

Any inaccuracy in the alignment of the antenna can be compensated for by a disorder in the L1C7C8 circuit. You can use a capacitor C7 or change the inductance circuit - for example, the introduction of L1 of a small carbonyl core.

As it shows the adjustment and adjustment of the C-Bi antennas of different configurations and expansions (0.1 ... 3L), under control and for the additional accessory, it is not important to take the SWR = 1 ... 1.2 in any range.

Radio, 1996, 11

Simple antenna tuner

To use a transceiver with different antennas, you can successfully install the simplest manual tuner, the circuit of which is shown in the small picture. Vin overlaps the frequency range from 1.8 to 29 MHz. In addition, this tuner can be used as the simplest antenna commutator, which can be equivalent to the interference. The tension, which should be brought to the tuner, lie in the gap between the plates of the capacitor of the variable capacity C1, which zastosovuetsya - the more wines, the better. With a gap of 1.5-2 mm, the tuner vibrated up to 200 W (maybe more - for further experiments, in my tightness, the TRX did not stick out). One of the SWR meters can be turned on at the tuner input for SWR muting, although if the tuner is combined with imported transceivers, it is not obligatory - all stinks can be used for the SWR muting function (SVR). Two (or more) HF sockets type PL259 allow you to connect an antenna, which is selected behind the S2 “Antenna Switcher” jack jumper for operation with a transceiver. This jumper can be set to “Equivalent”, with which the transceiver can be connected to an equivalent voltage with a support of 50 ohms. For additional relay switching, you can turn on the “Bypass” mode, and the antenna or equivalent (depending on the position of the antenna switch S2) will be directly connected to the transiver.

Yak C1 and C2 are installed with standard KPE-2 with an additional dielectric 2x495 pF in the industrial butt priymachiv. These sections are passed through one plate. C1 task two sections, connected in parallel. Vіn vstanovleny on plate z orgskla zavtovshki 5 mm. C2 has one section. S1 - HF turntable jumper to 6 positions (2H6P trebles from ceramics, their contacts are connected in parallel). S2 - the same, ale three positions (2Н3П, otherwise the position is more fallow due to the number of antenna roses). Coil L2 - wound with a bare medium dart d = 1mm (shorter than silver), a total of 31 turns, wound with a small crock, outer diameter 18 mm, 9 + 9 + 9 + 4 turns. Coil L1 - tezh, ale 10 turns. Coils are installed mutually perpendicular. L2 can be soldered with frills to the contacts of the biscuit jumper, having zignuvshee the coil with a pivkilz. Installation of the tuner is carried out with short tovstims (d = 1.5-2 mm) with stripes of a bare copper rod. Relay type TKE52PD for R-130M radio stations. Obviously, the best option is to install more high-frequency relays, for example, type REN33. The voltage for the life of the relay is taken from the simplest straightener, selected on the transformer TVK-110L2 and the diode bridge KTs402 (KTs405) or similar to them. The switching of the relay is controlled by the toggle switch S3 "Obkhid" type MT-1 installed on the front panel of the tuner. Lamp La (not obov'yazkova) є іndicator on. It may appear that on the low-frequency ranges C2 is not used. In parallel with C2, it is possible, for an additional relay P3 and toggle switch S4, to connect either another section or additional capacitors (select 50 - 120 pF in the diagram is shown by a dotted line).

As a recommendation, the axles of the KPE are connected with the handles of the carving through the holes of the durite gas hose, which are insulators. For їхної fixation vikoristanі vodoprovіdnі clamps d=6 mm. The tuner is prepared for the body according to the Elektronika-Kontur-80 set. The case is larger than the body, lower for the tuner described in , leave sufficient space for modifications and modifications of this circuit. For example, a low-pass filter at the input, some kind of sizing transformer 1: 4 at the output, mounting an SWR meter and others. For an efficient robotic tuner, one should not forget about good grounding.

A simple tuner for adjusting a symmetrical line

A diagram of a simple tuner is pointed at the little one for the sake of a symmetrical line. As an indicator of the setting of vikoristovuetsya svіtlodiod.

The rest of my publications, dedicated to HF antennas, called out to rich readers about the low power of the design of transformers and chokes, which are vicorated in them.

The whole food is well-documented in the radio amateur literature and numerical articles, it would have been given without needing further comments.

Self-contained wide-range symmetrical chokes and transformers on ferite tubes

Ferite transformers on ferite tubes perform a number of functions: transform the opir, balance the streams in the arms of the antenna and adjust the common-mode stream of the braid of the coaxial feeder. The best domestic ferite material for wide-range transformers is ferite grade 600NN, but tubular cores were not made from it.

At the same time, ferite tubes of foreign companies appeared for sale with good characteristics,
cream FRR-4.5 and FRR-9.5, which can be expanded dxDxL 4.5x14x27 and 9.5x17.5x35 is reasonable. The rest of the tubes vikoristovuvalis like reshkodno-important droselіv on cables, scho connect the system blocks of computers with monitors on electronic tubes. Instead, they are massively replaced on matrix monitors, and the old ones are thrown away at once with ferites.

Fig.1. Ferite tubes FRR-9.5

Some of these tubes, folded on two sides, are equivalent to "binoculars", on which it is possible to place the windings of transformers, which overlap all the HF ranges from 160 to 10 m. The tubes are manually creaked at once, wrapped with wide adhesive tape.

Of the various schemes of wide-range transformers, I have become the simplest, with separate windings, turns of which can make additional connections for the winding of the wire twisting of the conductor between themselves, which allows changing the inductance of the winding and for the winding of the high-frequency drive. One turn vvazhatimemo provid, passing through the open both tubes of "binoculars". Half a turn - wire, stretching through the opening of one binocular tube. Have a table
zvedeni options transformers, zdiisnenih tsikh tubes.

Like a bachimo, a wide choice of spivvіdnoshnja poles comes out. Transformer with a 1:1 ratio - similarly to the throttle, symmetrical streams in the arms of the antenna and suppress the common-mode stream in the braided live cable. Інші transformers krіm tsgogo shchey transform supports. Why bother when choosing the number of turns? For other equal minds, transformers with a single-turn primary winding can be approximately four times as high as the lower frequency of the transmission smog is equal to the double-turn one, and then the upper frequency of the smog of transmission is the same value. Therefore, for transformers, which are vicorous in the range of 160 m and 80 m, it is better to vikoristovuvat two-turn options, and in the case of 40 m and more - single-turn. It is important to win the number of the number of turns, as it is important to preserve the symmetry and separate the windings of the windings on the opposite sides of the "binoculars".

What is the transformation coefficient, then it is more important to take into account a wide range of transmission, and increase the inductance of the windings. It is possible to compensate by connecting the capacitor in parallel to the primary winding, selecting this capacitance according to the minimum SWR at the upper operating frequency.

For windings, call the vicorous wire MGTF-0.5, or more thin, as the number of turns required does not fit in the opening. For a long time, I will need a roaring dart, and I will bring it in with a deaky stock. Carrying out the primary and secondary windings is strongly twisted before winding on the core. In order to open the ferrite without windings, it is better to stretch the coils at the diameter of the heat-shrinkable tube, to cut along the back of the “binoculars”, as soon as the winding is completed, sit for the help of a hair dryer. The tightness of the winding turns one to one expands the scope of the transformer and often allows you to turn off the capacitor, which compensates.

The mother’s next step, which the moving transformer can be used as a lowering one, with the same transformation coefficient, so turn it over. The windings, intended for connection to low-resistance supports, need to be wired from the screen "braid" or a number of darts connected in parallel.

Recalibration of the transformer can be carried out for the help of the KVV vimiruvach, by changing it to a non-inductive resistor of the same rating. Mezhі smugi vynachayutsya for admissible equal SWR, for example, 1.1. Vmiryati scho, which is brought in by a transformer, it is possible to weaken it with a path, which can be brought in by two identical transformers, connected in series, so that input and output are small opir 50 Ohm. Don't forget to subtract the result by two.

It is more important to evaluate the other characteristics of the transformer. For whom one needs a pidsiluvach and an equivalent of a vanity, a building vitrimuvat and a necessary tension. The same scheme with two transformers is victorious. Vimiryuvannya carried out at the lower operating frequency. Step by step raise the tension CW and raise it approximately to the quill, indicating the temperature of the ferrite by hand. Riven, for some ferit for the whilin, it starts to heat up a little, to take into account the maximum allowable of this transformer. On the right, in the fact that when working, not on an equivalent voltage, but on a real antenna, which has a reactive warehouse input impedance, the transformer transmits reactive power, as a magnetic core can be used and additional heating can be added.

The drawings show examples of practical designs. In Fig. 5 - a transformer, which can be two types: 200 and 300 ohms.

Fig.2. Transformer 50:110

Fig.3. Transformer 50:200

Fig.4. Transformer 50:300

Fig.5. Transformer 50: 200/300

Transformers can be placed on a different size of a different board,
zahistivshi її vіd opadіv in any practical way.

Vladislav Shcherbakov, RU3ARJ

Uzgodzhuvalny transformer - electrotechnical attachment, which ensures the transmission or transformation of the coronal harmonic signal of a different frequency with minimal effects and second tension. Such a result is more likely to be more accurate than the exact support of the total support (impedance) of the signal and the voltage or the cascades of electronic circuits.

Appointment

Apparently, it is possible to minimize the use of electric signals at the hour of transmission at a slower pace, if the latest opir supports the internal support of the dzherel. This is for all circuits - rich cascading electronic attachments, when connected to the switch to power supply or supplying a signal to them, for example, as a sound pickup or a microphone.

The main purpose of the narrow-angle transformer is due to the need for scaling the support of the dzherel and the voltage. With this, the change of the indications of the strength of the struma itself without intermediary and the voltage is not significant. Be sure to do this if you need to connect the connection, so that you do not support the allowable values ​​for the dzherel signal.

Robotic principle

When connected to the primary winding of the transformer, the dzherel zminny stream is connected to the core of the magnetic flux, which I will add to the secondary winding. With this induction, an electrically disruptive force is generated, so that a struma will appear in the lancet when the voltage is connected. Zavdyaki zdіysnyuєtsya transfer of energy or signal without intermediary electrical connection between the windings.

In order to ensure the improvement of the tension and the support, the increase in the number of turns at the secondary winding to the primary winding can be adjusted to the square root of the adjustment of the support of the tension and the signal. Only in some time it is possible to secure the transmission without zayvih expenditure of energy and creation.

Butt rozrahunka

See magnetic conductors

Design features

The transfer of energy between the windings in transformers is caused by the fluctuation of the magnetic field that is created. Fallow in the type of uzgodzhuvalnogo I will add it to the mother of a different design:

1. Attachments for robots with a low-frequency electrical signal are wound on armored or shearing axes made of electrical steel. The very same annex will be installed in subsidiaries and sound-making equipment. Dimensional dimensions lie down in the form of tightness, which is transmitted, but if you hear the stench, they do not strike great values.

1. For high-frequency narrow transformers, it is most common to install toroidal cores from ferromagnetic speech. The stench can make the shape of a ring with a straight line.
2. Okremі vidi VCh uzgodzhuvalnykh pristroїv can be vikonnі for the principle of repeated transformers. The simplest butt is a loop with a coaxial cable, which was installed when the antenna was connected to the main door. Іnuє variant and charging without intermediary on the board of low-voltage transformers of the weather type.

For windings, it is necessary to insulate the copper wire of a round cut, the diameter of which is chosen on the support of the rosewood. It is allowed to wind with conductors of a rectangular shape, but if the band is over 5 mm2. As additional insulation, 2 balls of special varnish are applied.

The main area of ​​congestion

The need for such a scaling support is practical for all blinds connected with the transmission of electrical signals and energy. Ale the biggest zastosuvannya uzgozhuvalnі transformers took away from the following areas:

1. In low-frequency power supplies (sound power supplies) as multi-stage and output transformers. The need for such outbuildings was due to the fact that the old lamps were made on a lamp component basis. With this, practically all the lamps were blown by a high internal support and connecting 4 or 8-ohm speakers to them without a middle was impossible. Navіt iz the appearance of transistors, operational subsidies, the situation has not changed for the time being, the oscillators without any improvement of support have increased the level of the signal.
2. As input uzgodzhuvalny transformers zastosovuyutsya in sound-working equipment for connecting microphones, sound-carriers of various types. Opir tsikh pristroїv varyyuєtsya in the range of a dozen to hundreds of ohm, and for connection to podsiluvalnoj equipment will need a value, which will be significantly larger.
3. Another sphere was connected with the transmission of a radio signal. Transformers of this type are vicorated to improve the signal when antennas are connected to receiving and transmitting attachments. Without stosuvannya otrimati akіsny signal not vdaєtsya. It is significant that high-frequency narrow transformers are used for this purpose.

On whom the sphere of zastosuvannya is not surrounded. So, it is possible to build a great power transformer in a singing world, using it as a convenient one, which is smartened up by the powerful to the magnitude of the need for electric wires.

See the narrow transformers

It is practical to take away the most efficient sound transformer of the input and output types. For subsidiaries on a transistor elemental base, vicorist add-ons of the TOT series (terminal transistor), and on lamp elements TOL (terminal lamp).

As an input, the TVT series (transistor input) was stopped.

For antennas, install an attachment of a toroidal type on ferromagnetic rings or cones of the required diameter. It is significant that for such transformers there is no obov'yazkove winding along the perimeter of the magnetic circuit. Make sure to pass straight conductors through the inner part, which allows you to protect from the bending and to help change the consumption of electrical materials.

Features of operation

Significantly, the skin series of accessories is recognized for the singing minds of exploitation. The most acceptable temperature range is -60/+85°С, the atmospheric pressure is less than 5 mm Hg. Art., but no more than three atmospheres. Permissible operation for a vіdnoї vologostі up to 98%.

In case of any type, when choosing which type of possession, it is necessary to specify the permissible operating mind.

How to grow with your own hands

There are no special folding and vіdmіnnosti at the prepared narrow transformers. The technology is similar to the folding of lowering outbuildings. Ale, it is necessary to take into account the following recommendations:

• The windings are stacked step by step without insulation.
• The plates of small-sized outbuildings do not require additional insulation, they lacquer the details of the recruited cores in the thinner transformers.
• When choosing a type of heart, it is necessary to study the technical characteristics of transformer steel or ferromagnetic rings.

Significantly, that independent construction of buildings of this type is economically unsustainable. Purchase of okremy koshtuvatime more expensive components. Uzgodzhuyuchy attachment with the necessary coefficient of transformation support in the factory vikonanni cost less.

Antenna upgrade

for the help of a quarter-wave transformer.

Transforming the power of the quarter-villian lines in the house for a long time, but the stench was not taken away due to a number of reasons. Let's try to find out in detail.

Four-quarter transformer ¾ to the cable equal to the quarter of the wind. Strictly kazhuchi, tse mozhe but not obov'yazkovo cable, and hvilova line or resonator type "groove", but for HF zastosovuvatimememo cable.

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Such a transformer can be twisted to use the antenna from the feeder line. For example, take a wide-width antenna (a completely wide frame with a perimeter equal to the length of the wind) - a tricot of the “delta” title with a support of 112 Ohm and it is possible with a cable with a winding support of 50 Ohm and a quarter-width transformer cable with a winding support:

Rn \u003d 75 * 75/112 \u003d 50.22

It should be noted immediately that the use of a quarter-width transformer for the help of a quarter-wave transformer is a single-range option. Rosrahunka is carried out at the frequency of the resonance of the antenna, de opir is not a reactive warehouse. Since the antenna allows you to work on different bands, then for the skin band you need your own uzgodzhuvach.

For the help of quarter-width transformers, the principle of a double-width repeater is easily explained. Let's imagine that we see two quarter-wave transformers connected in series

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If you turn on the voltage with the support Ra until the end, then the opir vzdovzh line will be divided from zero to Ra, but not linearly, but proportionally to a sinusoidal function, and if it changes from zero deg. up to 90 degrees (Пі/2), and it depends on the linear dimensions of the shorted cycle to the point of connection of the bias, the values ​​of the sine change from 0 to 1, and the opir of zero to the support of the bias. If you connect a feeder to such a transformer, then by changing the connection point, you can find a point with an equal support to the feeder's weak support. (Div. Fig.4)

Tsya vlastivist vikoristovuєtsya for the use of antennas from the feeder. With this, there is no significance with such a cable and with such a winding support, a quarter-width transformer and with a cable of a vikonan feeder line. The stench can be a mother of a different hvilyovy opir and a different coefficient of shortening. It’s a pity that there is no such weather for such a weather, but we are given ready-made roses for a specific mood. Shukat the point of connection is experimentally non-working. Let's look at a few options.

1. Antenna support is larger than a cable support.

In this way, the antenna is connected to the open end of the transformer.

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De Ra - opir antenna

Rf - hvilyovy opir of the feeder line

Ku - coefficient of shortened transformer cable,

F - frequency MHz.

It is important to know the calculator, which calculates the value of the arcsine. I give permission for such a calculator: http://help-math. people. ru/. In order to calculate on such a calculator, it is necessary to complete the entire formula with external data and the calculation of the costs. For our butt, de

Opir antenna 112 Ohm

Feeder 75 Ohm

Transformer from cable s Ku = 0.66

We know the connection point of the feeder, fluttering in the form of a shorted circuit:

L = 150 * 0.66 * arcsin (sqrt (75/112)) / 3.14 / 3.6 = 8.39 meters.

Just give the formula the equal value of the antenna and feeder supports (for example, the feeder support of the antenna support = 112 Ohm),

L = 150 * 0.66 * arcsin (sqrt (112/112)) / 3.14 / 3.6 = 13.75 meters.

Tse a quarter of a long time agony.

A quarter-violet transformer has one more miraculous power. When changing the frequency in bіk in the resonance of the opіr antenna, the antenna becomes complex in nature with the sign of the reactive warehouse plus or minus. Opir of a quarter-wave transformer is also reactive, but with an opposite sign. It is necessary to bring to mutual compensation of reactive warehouses the expansion of smug transmission of resonant antennas up to 20%, which is even more important on such ranges as 80 and now already 40 meters.

2. Antenna support below the cable support.

At this point, a feeder is connected to the closed end of the quarter-wave transformer, and the antenna to the point between the closed end of the transformer and the feeder.

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Antenna connection points are left to grow. Rozrahunok is carried out practically according to the same formula, remembering the places Ra and Rf:

I want to thank Sergiy Makarkin RX3AKT for technical advice and review of the article.

Vladislav Kedenko UT4EN