A personal computer has not been needed for a long time, but a tool for work, for beginners or just for pleasure, so today computers are not in every day’s closet, but certainly in every day’s office.

However, just buying and installing a computer is not enough; you also need to connect it to the global Internet network in order to have access to a large amount of information, programs, and the ability to access and exchange information I work with other computers. Around the Internet, computers can connect with each other using an additional local measure- this way, while staying in different rooms and cubicles, you can transfer files of any size or information to other computers connected to your local network. Using an additional local network, you can connect to a so-called gateway computer - a computer that connects to the Internet network and acts as one that distributes it to other PCs. Well, as they say, if you set up a local network for comfortable communication with friends, of course, you obviously want two computers.

Well, let's help you further learn to understand the local limits, as well as connect two computers to each other.

Creation and adjustment of a local network behind an additional switch (hub) - switch

Let's look at a way to create a local network that can be formed from two or more computers. For which we need additional equipment - a switch or router (used for distributing an Internet channel to all or any PCs). Your current motherboard must have a built-in edge card, which we need to connect via a local edge. The diagram looks like this:

Computer 1 is connected to the switch using an additional edge cable. Computer 2 is connected to the switch using an additional edge cable.

The number of computers is determined by the number of outputs to the switches, ranging from 8 to 16, maybe more. Such a connection with a properly tuned operating system, as we will look at below, allows you to connect all computers into a single local network, in which each computer will be connected to the network, the computers will remain your sleep in it.

Also, to connect a personal computer to a switch, we need a special hemorrhage cable or, as it is also called, a twisted pair. The leather end of the pair of twists is compressed and equipped with a special RJ-45 jack in the following sequence of darts for colors:

Orange-white Orange Green-white Blue Blue-white Green Brown-white Brown

After distributing and connecting all the devices from the computer to the switch, you can proceed to the final stage - setting up the operating system. Once the OS is installed, the dialog boxes and parameter names may change, but the principle itself becomes unified, so it doesn’t matter to you what you need to know.

Setting up a local network in Windows XP

To begin with, we need to check that all the connections are correct, about which we will be told that the connections are active, which appeared, according to the local network in menu Panel Keruvannya - Merezhevi connections.

If there is any connection, check that the patch cables are correctly crimped and the switch is plugged into the socket. Well, the computer icon has lit up, which gives us the opportunity to start setting up.

Select the active connection and stamp on it with the right mouse button - Powerful.

The reality that has arisen conveys to us list of Components, which we are to blame for choosing these connections Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) press the button Powerful.

For the time being, all settings are unavailable (they are detected automatically, so we don’t need to) - turn on the Vikory switch to the IP address, after which they become available until you edit the fields below.

Perche field IP addresses You can enter the system’s virtual network address of the computer (which is your home address in the computer world), enter the following values: 192.168.1.* - de * є be any integer number type 1 to 255. It is important to manually enter these values ​​in order so that you do not get confused with the addresses of computers in the office or at home.

There will be a field that is needed for replenishment Submersion mask- Our version is the same for all computers in our local network: 255.255.255.0

Other fields are left empty - force them to be used to create a computer gateway to the Internet, manage postal records, etc. Tisnemo OK And repeat the same on all other computers.

After that IP addresses and submersion masks tasks on all computers, we need to assign each of them a unique name and a single work group. It's just that simple. Why do we need to know the icon on the desktop My computer and go to new Powerful by clicking on the new one with the right mouse button and selecting the appropriate item from the context menu. In the window, go to the tab Computer name.

You can get acquainted with the exact names, then press the button Change.

In the computer name entry field, enter a unique name, for example PK1 or else OFFICE4. Below you can add two fields that will separate us from each other: work group: set the same for all computers connected to the limit, for example MYGROUP. We save all changes and renew your computer. Our local network has been adjusted and needs to be verified.

Checking the feasibility of the local measure

The fastest method of verification can be called systemic PING command, which forces the hedgehog to complete tasks IP addresses computer, selects the sound and displays the sound on the screen. If the messages are yanked back - the connection is physically active, then your measure is adjusted and working correctly. When on the screen you will see “ Washing interval has been moved- You started making peace either in the settings, or in the connected computers until the switch.

Ok, open the menu Start - Viconati then enter the command

Ping 192.168.1.*-t

De * - The computer number you want to check the connection with

You can marvel at the available computers in the near future by working on the following:

Let's go to My computer, go to the folder Merezheve sharpening i emboss the right-handed button View the computer of the working group.

In addition, for a quick transition to the required network computer, you can enter in the address row of any window (above under the toolbar):

Setting up an Internet connection under Windows XP (2000)

Detailed connection settings.

Respect! The setup is consistent with administrative rights. All screenshots are presented for Windows XP with the classic view of the menu and panels. Setting up other versions of Windows is similar, except for the names of some shortcuts, which are shown in the comments.

At this point, the setup of connecting the computer to the local free d om network is complete! You can continue to set up your Internet connection if local network connection is turned on and you need to turn it on by right-clicking on it and pressing take a bite. Otherwise, you won’t be able to access the Internet.

The next stage is the creation of a VPN connection. Setting up a VPN connection in Windows XP can be connected to the account account account, which has administrator rights. If you are logged in to Windows as a client who does not have administrator rights, end the session of that client and log in to Windows as an administrator (or as a client who does have administrator rights).

Obov'yazkovo rezavantazhte computer!
Then run the New Connection Wizard. To do this, click the "Start" button on the Start panel, select the "All Programs" item from the menu (or simply "Programs", if you have adjusted the standard presentation of the start menu), then "Standards", "Connection", "New Connection Wizard" " (Fig. 1).

Small 1

In the first dialogue window, the master of new connections informs you that you can earn money with this help. To open the completed connection, press the “Next” button (small 2).

Small 2

At the next window of the New Connection Wizard, you will need to select a connection type before cutting off. In our option, you need to select the item “Connect to the connection on your desktop” (Fig. 4). To continue the setup, press the “Next” button.

Small 3

At the next window you will need to select a connection method. For the connection method, you must select the item “Connecting to a virtual private network” (Fig. 5). To continue the setup, press the “Next” button.

Small 4

In the next window you need to enter a name for the connection that is being created. The name can be whatever it is, for example “IC” (Fig. 6). To continue the setup, press the “Next” button.

Small 5

You will see where you select, and before installing a connection, you will need to set up another connection to connect to the modem. If this appears, you need to select the item “Do not dial the number to connect in advance” and press the “Next” button.

Small 6

When you open the new connection wizard, you must enter the name and IP address of the VPN server.
What should I say? L2TP.freedom(Mal. 7). To continue the setup, press the “Next” button.

Small 7

In the remaining window of the New Connections Master, you can specify that you need to create a shortcut on your desktop for the created connection. To create a label, it is necessary to tighten the front ensign (Fig. 8). To complete the connection, click the “Done” button.

Small 8

Click on the authorities of the VPN connection. To do this, click the "Start" button on the task panel and select the "Connections" item from the menu. In the menu with the Connect list, right-click on the created connection and select the “Power” item in the context menu (small 9).

Small 9

A dialog box with a number of tabs will open. Select a tab now<Сеть>(Fig.9a), set VPN type: L2TPIPSecVPN

Small 9a

Below, in the middle of the components that are connected to these connections, you can see a row<Протокол интернета(TCP/IP)>and press the button<Свойства>. Enter the addresses of the DNS servers in complete detail (Fig. 9b):

Small 9b

Then select a tab<Безопасность>, install<Обычные параметры>і<Безопасный пароль>, it’s important to uncheck all the boxes:

Small 10

3. Connections

To establish a VPN connection, click on the VPN connection shortcut (it will be transferred so that at the time of the creation of the connection, click the proportion for the creation of the shortcut on the desktop). A window will open to enter your username and password. In the following entry fields, enter your personal name and password for connection at least (as well as for authorization). For ease of reference, you can select<сохранить имя пользователя и пароль>. Click the "Connect" button (small 11). After installing the connection, a connection icon will appear in the system tray (icon area).

Small eleven

If you want to enable a VPN connection, you need to right-click on the connection icon and select the “Disconnect” item in the context menu (Fig. 12).

Small 12

To view pages when connected to another established VPN connection, you need to open Internet Explorer, go to Service, Powerful look around, Connection, go to the VPN connection that is selected for the search for promotions and place the dot opposite.
To enter the statistics server, being disconnected due to obvious obstruction, for example, to activate an Internet card, you need to set a point close to Don't be vikorist at all. After activation, it will be re-indicated First of all, you will take the vikorists for the minds of connection. In addition, Internet Explorer (IE) is used to access the statistics server. When using IE6 with customized settings, the statistics server opens without problems. Since IE7 installations and the statistics server do not open, you need to go to IE Service, Browser Power, Dodatkovo, press the button Skidannya. After downloading the settings, you must restart Internet Explorer.

Note. Whenever a VPN connection is created, when a connection method is selected, the connection is inactive. In this case you need to check and start the following services:
("Start" - "Control Panel" - "Administration" - "Services"):
"Telephony";
"Vidaleniy Wiklik Procedures (RPC)";
"Connection manager for remote access."

We look forward to your comments and propositions on the forum.

Important! Windows with different service packs support different security protocols! Windows XP SP2 does not support the WPA2 security protocol! Only the first WPA. Therefore, if there is a connection problem, you need to check the version of Windows XP, as well as the security protocol used by the host access point.

Similar statistics for other operating systems:

Setting up WiFi in Windows XP

Setting up WiFi connections in Windows XP is very easy. On the tray, on the “Dartless Measurement” icon, you need to press the mouse button on the right and then in the menu select the “View available dartless measurement” command:

You can do this by opening Windows Explorer, then in Explorer, open “My Computer - Windows Panel - Network Connections”:

You can do the same by opening the menu "Start - Settings - Network connections":

After which a window will open in which you need to select the required access point, then click the “Connect” button:

After this, a window will open in which you will need to enter the password for the access point. In a Windows 7 account, you can add different password characters; here, checking the correctness of the password can only be done by equalizing two tests. Then in this window you must enter the password:

Then check the following:

I found the connection installed:

Manual setup of droneless WiFi connection

If you need to change the settings of your WiFi connection, this can be done by revealing the authority of your connection:

Yak koristuvatisya wifi

However, it is necessary to understand that the potential for wifi problems may vary greatly depending on external factors. The fragments of the radio signal are subject to the influx of the external medium. Various changes to the wall, floor, or surface weaken both the signal of the access point and the signal of the client device. Windows shows the strength of the signal from the access point in sticks. In the pictures, on the beginning of the statistics, the indications are equal to the signal in one or two short chains. This is a very weak signal. With such a signal, you won’t be able to use the Internet for anything.

Use programs to show the strength of the signal in numbers - dBm, for example 60 dBm or 40 dBm. The higher the number, the weaker the signal – the better the signal, the higher the number is less than 50 dBm. However, it is necessary to understand that the accuracy of such numbers depends on the type of adapter and the driver of that adapter. In some minds, one adapter may show XP1 dBm, and another adapter 82 dBm.

In addition to passive code changes, the transmission power of the Wi-Fi signal can negatively affect electromagnetic interference. So, just because you have the shortest wifi adapter installed on your laptop, this does not mean that you will ever be able to access the Internet via wifi.

In a situation with a bad signal, you can help by replacing the adapter with an external antenna. For example, the TP-Link TL-WNXP22N/C USB wifi adapter comes with an external antenna. In this case, it is important and, if necessary, it can be replaced with another one with a great strength factor.

What does the visibility of the external antenna provide? The same applies - in equal minds - the same access point, the same hour and place of connection, the presence of passive transitions between the access point and the client - the result is a weak signal on the offending side:

• The internal "ready" wifi adapter of the laptop connects to the access point, but practically does not allow access to the Internet due to low bandwidth and frequent interruptions.
• TP-Link TL-WNXP22NC with a wireless antenna provides a stable connection to the Internet at poor speed.

I can't use wifi on Windows XP

If your computer does not have a “Mouthless Interconnection” the reason may be due to the offensive:

• You have Windows XP SP2, and the access point is configured for the WPA2 security protocol. You will need to install SP3 or reconfigure the access point to WPA.
• There is no wifi adapter on your computer. You can find out about the process through Device Manager. The list of devices has a dart-free map.
• On your computer, the wifi adapter is not connected. For example, on rich laptops there are wifi adapter buttons. You can press the button or one of the F buttons in combination with the Fn button. If the Wi-Fi adapter is installed in the motherboard, there may be problems with the BIOS.
• The adapter is not installed unless the driver is installed on a new one, which will be included in the list of devices as an unknown device.
• Adapter, but also software connections.

If "Dartless Connection" shows a list of boundaries, but it is not possible to connect to the required boundary, then the reason may be that:

• There must be a weak signal between the adapter and the access point. Great rise up, here you go. Moreover, the signal from the access point may be adequate, but the signal from your adapter does not reach the access point. Because the signal from the adapter is weaker in the opposite direction, the signal from the access point is lower. Especially if there is an adapter for use, for example with a laptop.
• You entered the wrong password. This is especially true for Windows XP because it is not possible to change the password characters there.

If the connection to the access point is installed, but the Internet does not work, the reasons may be:

• Wifi router (access point) is not connected to the Internet. For example, there is a technical problem with the provider, or a defective item on your account with the provider.
• There is a technical problem with the provider's DNS servers.

Home WiFi networks

Security WiFi

With a wifi connection, all information is transmitted via radio and the wifi network is heavily influenced by the dart network. On the right is that the radio signals that are sent by the access point (wifi router) and devices connected to the access point are available for relocation by any similar device that is within the “sensitivity” radius of the access point or in front of the phone. Access point price. Then the overflow of border traffic becomes even easier, accessible and incomprehensible. And the overflow of the edge traffic allows you to collect information that is necessary for an attack on the wifi edge. In addition, as there are more and more access points, wifi is getting larger and there are a lot of people willing to “break” the wifi network.

The broadest motivation for hacking wifi access points is to connect to the Internet via wifi without any costs. Today's picture is expanded - you have a wifi router installed in your apartment and the connection is not limited to your device, but to the computer of any of your neighbors. You pay for the Internet, and your technically savvy client gets the Internet at no cost.

Aside from “theft,” the Internet is not the only reason for “hacking” wifi connections. On the right, if the attacker denies access to the access point, through it they can deny access to all devices connected to your wifi router. And this gives the possibility of theft of your personal data. For example, passwords for mail, for online banking, for your documents - in a word, for everything you do.

Therefore, you need to speed up wifi with care. There are a few rules that need to be followed.

Do not connect to large wifi networks through a laptop on which you store valuable information. And if you need access to the Internet through unlocked wifi connections, then install a firewall and antivirus on your laptop. Even better if you install two operating systems on your laptop. One main thing is how to save all your valuable information. And the rest is empty, only in order to access the Internet through unlocked wifi connections.

If you are installing a wifi router at home or in the office, you must configure the wifi router correctly:

• Vikorista type zahistu WPA2.
• The password for security must be long - shorter, like 50 - 60 characters, and must consist of a sufficient set of characters. Password marina1234 even more abominations - they can destroy them for a few knives. Password nvysue5XPk-sjehr)