Map works x8. PCI Express socket: what is a PCIe interface? What are the types of PCI Express cards?

The PCI Express standard is one of the foundations of today's computers. PCI Express slots have long occupied the same place on any motherboard of a desktop computer, according to other standards, for example, like PCI. Alternately, the PCI Express standard has its own differences and the nature of the connection, which is one type of one. On newer motherboards, starting around 2010, you can use one motherboard with a variety of ports, which are known as PCIe or PCI-E, yakі can be challenged for the number of lines: one x1 or x2, x4, x8, x12, x16 and x32.

Also, it is clear why such a swindle in the middle was given to a simple peripheral PCI Express port. Is it recognized by the skin standard PCI Express x2, x4, x8, x12, x16 and x32?

What is a PCI Express bus?

In the distant 2000s, if there was a transition from the old PCI standard (extended - interconnection of peripheral components) to PCI Express, there was one great thing left: the replacement of the serial bus, which was PCI, the two-point access bus was won. This meant that the skin of the PCI port and the installed cards could completely win the maximum throughput of the building without respecting one to the other, as it happened when connected to PCI. At this hour, the number of peripheral attachments that can be inserted into the expansion cards was sufficient. Merezhevі cards, audio cards, TV tuners too - all required sufficient amount of PC resources. Ale on vіdmіnu vіd PCI standard, which vikoristovuvav for transmission of data overhead bus with connected in parallel kіlkoh pristroїv, PCI Express, yakshcho look, є packet merezhey with topology type zіrka.

PCI Express x16, PCI Express x1 and PCI on one board

From the look of a non-professional, imagine your floor PC as a small store with one or two sellers. The old PCI standard was like a grocery store: all checks were in the same bag, they were served, and there were problems with the service delivery to the exchanges of one seller behind the counter. PCI-E is more similar to a hypermarket: leather buyers rush for groceries following their own individual route, and cashiers take orders at cash desks.

It is obvious that a hypermarket for a quick service wins once at a great store, it’s a shame that the store cannot afford to pass through more than one seller with one cash register.

Also with the vision of transferring data for the skin card expansion, or in the case of the components of the motherboard.

Inflow of a number of lines to the throughput capacity

Now, to expand our metaphor with a store and a hypermarket, to show that the skin has served the hypermarket with its own cashiers, reserved only for them. Axis here and vinikaє ideya kіlkoh smoug peredachi і data.

PCI-E is a lot of changes in an hour of its creation. In this hour of the new mother's board, it's already the 3rd version of the standard, moreover, the 4th version is becoming more and more expanded, and the 5th version is updated in the 2019 rotation. Alternately, different versions of the vicarious one and the same physical semesters, and many semesters can be viconated at some of the main dimensions: x1, x4, x8 and x16. (x32-porty is known, but it is rarely used on motherboards of high-end computers).

Different physical sizes of PCI-Express ports allow you to clearly separate them for a number of one-hour charges with the motherboard: the larger the port is physically, the more maximum connections can be transferred to the card back. Qi z'ednannya still call lines. One line can be used as a path, which consists of two signal pairs: one for the correction of data, the other for the reception.

Different versions of PCI-E allow you to mix different speeds on your skin smoothies. Ale, vzagali kazhuchi, chi more smog znahoditsya on one PCI-E-port, the more data can be transferred between the peripheral and the other part of the computer.

Turning to our metaphor: if there is one seller in the store, then smuga x1 and you will be the only seller, who serves one client. At the store with chotirma cashiers - already 4 lines x4. And so far you can write cashiers for the number of lines, multiplied by 2.

Various PCI Express cards

Types of attachments that can convert PCI Express x2, x4, x8, x12, x16 and x32

For the PCI Express 3.0 version, the maximum data transfer rate is 8 GT/s, but in fact the PCI-E 3 rate is less than one gigabyte per second per smug.

In such a rank, the attachment, which has a PCI-E x1 port, for example, a low-power sound card or a Wi-Fi antenna, can transfer data with a maximum speed of 1 Gb/s.

A card that is physically suitable for a larger slot x4 or x8, for example, a USB 3.0 expansion card, you can transfer data from the chotiri or more often more quickly.

The transmission speed of the PCI-E x16 ports is theoretically limited by the maximum amount of transmission throughput at about 15 Gb/s. What is more low enough in 2017 for all modern graphic video cards, expanded by NVIDIA and AMD.

More discrete video cards with PCI-E x16 slot

The PCI Express 4.0 protocol allows for 16 GT/s, and PCI Express 5.0 for 32 GT/s.

Ale, in this hour, there are no components, which could have won such a quantity of smog from the maximum throughput building. Current top graphics cards sound vicorist x16 to the PCI Express 3.0 standard. There is no sense to win over the same smuga and for a large card, as on the x16 port you will only win over one line, so the Ethernet port of the building will transfer data only up to one gigabit per second (which is close to one eighth throughput with PCI memory : all bits in one byte).

On the market you can find solid-state PCI-E storage devices that support the x4 port, but stench, it seems, will soon be approved by the new M.2 standard, which is rapidly developing. for solid-state storage devices, which can win over the PCI-E bus. High quality cards for enthusiasts, such as RAID controllers, can be used in x4 and x8 formats.

Port expansions and PCI-E line can be upgraded

This is one of the most confusing problems with PCI-E: the port can be larger than the x16 form factor, but there is not enough smog to pass data, for example, for example x4. It is due to the fact that you can use PCI-E to carry on your own an unobstructed number of ocremi spoluk, yet it is still practical between the bandwidth of a smug and chipset. Cheaper motherboards with budget chipsets can only have one x8 slot, so that slot can physically accommodate an x16 form factor card.

In addition, motherboards geared towards gamers include up to four additional PCI-E x16 slots and line insoles for maximum throughput.

Obviously, you can cause problems. If the motherboard has two x16 slots, and if one of them is less than x4, then connecting a new graphics card will change the productivity of the first one by as much as 75%. Tse, obviously, is only a theoretical result. The architecture of motherboards is such that you will not experience a sharp decrease in productivity.

The correct configuration of two graphic video cards can take two x16 slots, so you want maximum comfort in tandem of two video cards. Z'yasuvati skіlki linіy on your mother's platіy maє that chi іnshiy slot, dopomozhe kerіvnitstvo at the office. virobnik site.

Other typographers are used to indicate on the textolite of the mother board the order of the slot number of lines

You need to know that a short x1 or x4 card can physically fit into a larger x8 or x16 slot. The configuration of contacts in electrical contacts can be broken. Obviously, if the card is physically larger, the lower slot, then insert it and not see it.

So remember, when buying expansion cards or upgrading current ones, you need to remember the expansion of the PCI Express slot, as well as the number of necessary smugs.

I rubbed the contacts of the video card with a rubber band, removed the CPU and moved the brush over the socket. turning - it became x16 deputy x2

It was similar to my 8700k, it showed up if I pulled the socket out of the socket and put on the textolit percent. pinout 1151v2. After looking at the bottom of the socket, and after polishing the contacts of the PCI Express processor on the video card, it didn't help. Having immediately corrected, the light of the upper PCI-Express slot, becoming like a red color before (x16 mode), and not whitening (x8 and lower), so be quiet)

Thank you! the bottom was not bent, I percented the socket with a dry toothbrush on the shorkal, it became X16, and before that it was X8. My socket is AM4.

Chol, yakuyu. That's right, the bottom of the socket was bent. VK worked in X2 mode... Now x16! VK has become richer and more stable.

everything is ok for me on the GTX 690 PCIe x16 3.0, today putting the GTX 1080 Ti out in GPU-Z it shows up as PCIe x16 2.0, and it directly says that the video adapter supports 2.0 and at the moment 2.0 is victorious, the video is new for a generation and in 2. lol what? can anyone suggest?

dude, oh my god. I have the same problem - the video card became dull and frizzy, I had been looking for the reason for a long time, but I didn’t know, I already chose to change the card and here it’s noteworthy in the GPU-z that it’s worth writing x1. a little more, it didn’t show up much, to that in non-skinned topics on the forums of the raju, be a simple drop, switch the map to kshtalt, clean the contacts, throw off the cmos, reset the firewood, etc. And naturally, the price of nihren does not help. I will revise my opinion, I am able to know the solution.

ps: to the point, on one of the forums, one could think of a moment, that the lines of writing should go without a middle in the air, and there a part may appear "overstamped" or so. tobto. point by point at the problem with the process.

Egor

dopomig! one leg of the bida (like so I don’t know ... everything was intact on the back of the head, but after raising the lichtarik, having started to shine alone, with a toothpick, having bumped out of it, it appeared (

Such is bullshit itself. mother (MSI Z170 PC Mate). Already in the bios it showed that the video card on x8 works, having tried it on different cards. Knowing the percent and for sure, one leg was jammed. Let's guess, if choosing a computer after the purchase, mentioning that the problem is with the legs. Having taken everything new in the online store, I didn’t go back for a guarantee, I just lifted my head like a snake. Zіbrav, everything started and worked. For the sake of it, having safely forgotten about the memory of the little one. And only after three years, if you bought a second-hand video card and tested it, - having respected that it works on x8. Feasting on the Internet on this topic. In short, after re-checking the bottom, it was already foolish, and as if having changed everything there, to wash everything like a trace), having taken the computer and everything was ordered to lie down on x16. Well, the axis is like that, new mother and wrinkled feet.

There was also a similar problem, as it showed either x4 or x8, but not x16, as a result, it turned out that the cooler was very tightened, the cooler was noctua-14s, allowing two screws of fastening for a couple of revolutions and voila, everything was required. So if the occasion doesn’t help you, try to relax the cooler, especially the Bashtovy cooler.

Diz for the screensaver - a degenerate!

I want to write x1. Everything was lying down, wrote x16, then there was a glitch with firewood, they began to glow and it was a reminder: the driver type did not know and it was installed again (like that), and immediately switched to x8 mode. Then, for a long time, the monitor was turned on and writing the cable was not found. Curl at once, then work in x1 mode. Card gtx 650. Mati for 775 sockets, ale from the top line.
Moreover, this card works wonderfully on another computer. Suggest, what could be the reason?
Proc: xeon 5450, bios firmware

It shows 8-3.0 / 8-1.1 in my window, if I try 8-3.0, why should the card work in this mode? I don’t rummage around. Processor cost Pentium G4600 lga 1151 socket and RX 460 sapfire 4 Gb. On the mainland, x16 slot, I can’t understand anything.

Thank you, it helped, the legs were not bent, just by cleaning the contacts on the PCIe s x1 processor, becoming x16 yak and can be beaten.

Imbalance911 MAGNIFICENT DYAKU!!! The video card worked in the mode x1 instead of x16, I know that there is really one leg bent there, and it’s not like you have, but turned 180 degrees. Put bi 500 likes, ale.......

thank you!!! I have amd. In my opinion, the legs on the processor were not bent. Having installed the processor, everything worked out as it should... Ditlakhiv if you install the motherboard, don't trim it for the cooler. If you have an important Bashto cooler, and the fan is already old and vibrating, then you have seen not a lot of percent of the nest. To the author, not knowing where to lie, he reverberated everything.

PCI Express, also technically called "Peripheral Component Interconnect Express", is often referred to by the shorthand abbreviation PCIe or PCI-E, which is the standard type of connection for internal devices such as video cards, sound cards, wifi adapters and other peripheral devices on a personal computer .

Razbirayemos at vіdmіnnosti PCI-E z'єmu.

As a rule, this high-capacity port is brought up to the actual one on the motherboard, as it accepts expansion cards based on traditional PCIe and types of expansion cards.

PCI Express has practically replaced the PCI, although they have replaced the oldest type of system, the ISA titles. While PCs can accommodate different expansion slots, PCI Express is supported by the standard internal interface of the most common rose. Today, a lot of motherboards for personal computers are sold only with PCI Express sockets.

How does PCI Express work?

Similar to old standards, such as PCI and AGP, attachments based on Express can be physically transferred to high-speed roses on the motherboard.

The interface of this rose will provide a high-quality connection between the outbuildings, as well as other possessions.

While not much wider, the current version of the high-width port, which is not surprisingly called External PCI Express, is often shortened to PCIe. For ePCIe add-ons, which are more recent, a special cable is required to connect any external PCIe add-on to a PC via a PCIe port, sound the connectors on the back of the PC, which is supplied either by the motherboard or by a special internal PCIe card.

What types of PCI Express cards do you know?

With the help of more fast, realistic video cards and video editing tools, video cards were the first types of computer peripherals to speed things up, to promote PCIe without interruption.

At that time, like video cards, like before, they are filled with the most expanded type of PCIe-card, you will see that other devices, like more significantly, are connected to the system board, processor and RAM. Also, more often, PCIe is replaced by a larger PCI. For example, a lot of high-quality sound cards now have a high-quality port, and also increase the number of wired and wireless mesh interface cards.

Obviously, the replacement of PCIe to PCI and AGP will be replaced on new system boards, although the same type of internal expansion card, based on old interfaces, will be rebuilt for the possibility of a different PCI Express bus. This includes speech such as expansion cards, Bluetooth cards, etc.

What are the different PCI Express formats?

Express x1... Express 3.0... Express x16. What does "x" mean? How do you know who supports your PC? What if a PCI Express x1 card, and if there are only Express x16 sockets, how much does it work? Well, what are your options?

It's often not clear to me that if you buy an expansion card for your computer, it's a new video card, because different PCIe technologies work with your computer better, lower. However, it’s easy to put together, everything looks simple, as you can only understand two important parts of the information about the high port: the part that describes the physical expansion, and the part that describes the technological version, as described below.

PCIe expansions: x16, x8, x4 and x1

As you can see from the header, the number after x indicates the physical size of the PCI-E card or slot, with x16 being the largest and x1 being the smallest.

The axis is how different sizes are formed:

Independently in the expansion of the high port or card, the key virus, if there is not much space in the card or the slot, it must always be on the port 11. This is the reason for the transition from PCIe x1 to PCIe x16. Tse allows gnuchko vikoristovuvat cards of one expansion at once from the slots of the other.

PCIe cards are suitable for any high-performance port slot on the motherboard, whichever is the greatest. For example, a PCIe x1 card will fit into either a PCIe x4, PCIe x8 or PCIe x16 slot. A PCIe x8 card will fit into either a PCIe x8 or PCIe x16 slot. PCIe cards, any larger, lower PCIe slot, can fit into a smaller slot, or else the same PCI-E slot is open (so there are no plugs in one of the slots).

In general, the Express board is great or the slot supports great productivity, assuming that two cards or slots, like equal, support the same version of PCIe.

PCIe version: 4.0, 3.0, 2.0 and 1.0

If it is the number after PCIe, if you find it on the add-on or on the system board, indicate the number of the remaining version of the PCI Express specification.

The axis is different according to the different versions of the PCI Express controller:

Both versions of the high-width port are summarily at the gate and gate directly, which means regardless of whether the version of the PCIe card is supported or your motherboard, the stink is to be accepted at the same time at the minimum level. As you can remember, the main update to the standard of the port dramatically increases the throughput of the building, significantly increasing the potential for what can be achieved.

The shortened version also includes pardons, adding functions, and improving life expectancy, as well as increasing the traffic capacity and the cost of the most important change for notes from version to version.

Maximization of totality at once from PCIe

As you read in the razdіla rozmіrіv this version, vikoristovu practically be-like the configuration, like you can show yourself. How to walk physically, wine, imovirno, practice ... it's great. However, it is important to know that in order to increase the throughput capacity (which is called for maximum productivity), you need to choose the PCIe version that is supported by your motherboard, and choose the largest port size, whichever you choose.

For example, a graphic card on a 3.0 x16 hijack port will give you maximum performance, but a motherboard supports a 3.0 hijack port and may have a x16 hijack port. If the motherboard model is PCIe 2.0-only, the card will only work with enhanced firmware (for example, 64 Gb/s in the x16 slot).

Most motherboards and personal computers released in 2013 are newer, more modern, support Express v3.0. If you are not convinced, turn the assistant from the mother's pay or PC. If you don't know if there is any residual information about the PCI version, the possibility of your motherboard being different, I recommend buying the largest and the remaining version of the PCIe card, as it won't, obviously.

What to replace PCIe?

The video game distributors are constantly joking around the games, as they become more and more realistic, but they can only work a few in that case, so they can transfer more data from their game programs to the VR headset or on the screen of the PC, the blue screen for you. Through tse PCI Express nіyak not continue panuvati over their laurels. PCI Express 3.0 is completely slick, but it's easy to get a name-switched transfer.

PCI Express 5.0, which may be completed before 2019, will achieve a throughput of 31,504 gigabits per second per smuga (3938 megabytes per second), which is twice as large, lower as it will be in the high-speed rose version 4.0. There are a number of other interface standards that support PCIe, and the technology industry will marvel at it, but chips for them will require serious hardware changes, PCIe, it seems, will be left as the leader in the long run, even if it is the most common time.