Submission of documents from Russia. Informational educational materials

To the most extensive ways of material detailing, it is necessary to add more detailed forms of documents:

3 set of Drukari font (the old so-called traditional technology 1970-1980 pp.);

3 forms of high druk (with clichés), prepared by hand: engraving on metal, orgskl, or visualization on gum, linoleum, and other materials;

3 forms of high druk (z cliche), made by photomechanical method;

3 forms of flat offset druk, made in a photochemical way on an aluminum plate;

By means of reprography (on copier machines);

Signs of submission of forms of documents, overruling of sets

drukar fonts. The letters of the Drukarian font and the sample materials (and some of the defective ones) stole from the drukar and were written off. When folded typed in a different form of the document form, the evil may not include four letters, numbers and signs. Then replace them with the font of your typeface and font size, or small letters are great (and navpaki). Warehouses are typed in the Drukarian font, hand-wrapped in a self-contained frame. Let's proceed to the drafting of the blanks.

Signs of self-sufficient forms, ordered from a set of Drukarian fonts:

Deformation of the paper (indentation) in the strokes and bulging of the barvy ball along its edges (signs of a high druk);

The presence of fonts in different typefaces and different crosses of letters (letters, numbers, symbols);

Rіznі razmіri signs in words;

Uneven intervals between letters and words;

Replaced signs higher-lower than the line of the row;

Nakhil letter levoruch or right-handed;

Irregular printing of strokes or other elements of symbols;

Replacing some characters with others, similar according to the configuration (“violence” font);

The presence of “inverted” letters and spelling pardons in the text;

Inconsistency of the configuration and reconciliation of the signs submitted for the approval form.

At the supplementary forms, prepared in a special way, that there are professional skills recruited, there are a lot of people who have been listed, the sign can be daily.

Signs of supplementary forms of documents, handwritten forms of high druk, prepared by hand (engraved on metal, orgskl or embossed on gum, linoleum):

Deformation of the paper in the strokes of the text (embossed strokes of signs and lines of graphing);

Visibility from both sides of the strokes of the barvy rim (farbi roller, pressed from the middle of the stroke);

Kutov oval elements;

The invisibility of rozmіrіv that little sign in the standard font (this is the name of the non-standard font);

Mirroring of the image of four signs;

Vіdminnostі by the width of the strokes in the same signs;

the presence of a part of the stroke in okremi signs (“inflation”);

The presence of spelling pardons in words;

Nestiyki, unequal razmіri of letters, numbers and elements of little ones.

For beats, otrimanih with a gum form, an insignificant depression of the strokes is characteristic, it can be sunken in the day, and the contours of the strokes are less clear, lower in the beats of the metal cliches. Oskolki drukuvannya carried out under a great pressure, then the relief, which is different, humic form, as a rule, is deformed.

At the front, the signs of deformation of other elements are recognized for the increased width of the strokes of the letters and the change in the gaps between the strokes of the letters.

Signs of supplementary forms of documents, overwriting of forms of a high druk, prepared by a photozincographic method. With the photozincographic method, the preparation of other forms of evil spirits makes the sound of vicorist metal plates. Yakіst drukovanih forms і narukovanyh from them podroblennyh blankіv fallow vіd vіdniki vyrobnik. Signs of supplementary forms, overcharges from photozincographic clichés:

Povna podіbnіst іz pravzhnіmi forms for the form and zmіst;

Possibility of reconciliation of remembrance of that eye through the scale of reproduction on a light-sensitive ball of a zinc plate;

Defects in small strokes and deformation of small elements of small letters through overly intense or hard etching with acid form, as well as through the possibility of photoreproduction of the original;

Embossed strokes (embossed on the front side and the appearance of the "onslaught" of the reverse side of the form);

The presence of a barvy roller on both sides of the strokes;

The presence of uneven edges in the strokes, "stained" with acid, but in the strokes, pierced by acid;

The roundness of the kutіv, utavleny two strokes, afterward "pitting" їх (kuіv) with acid.

Signs of crushed blanks, as if they were overruled from the forms of a flat offset druk, prepared in a photochemical way (the power of a flat offset druk signs):

Even placement of the barvenik in the strokes (there is no depression of the strokes in the papyrus, nor the relief-bulging ball of the barvenik in the strokes):

The torso of the barvy ball at the strokes is the same;

Possibility of visualization of the deep roses of the image through underestimation of the scale of photo reproduction;

Vіdpovіdnіst vіdbіtka sprаzhny form for raztashuvannyam and zmіstom small and text;

The lack of clarity of detail strokes and details through the creation of the original when reproducing (detailed details are hammered with farboi);

The repetition of the strokes of the little one and the text is matched with the strokes of the reference form (the stroke of the stroke).

Signs of reprographic detailing of blanks in the electrophotographic (xerographic) method. For the rest of the hour, this way of filling the blanks with an oversized wide width through the availability of copy machines: “Xerox”, “Kenon”, “Sharp” and other brands. Signs of submission of forms by means of reprography:

Strokes of the image are mixed with other materials, which give a glint of grains of barvnik - toner, for which some of them take their shape, and then they are fused after heating when they are fixed by thermal or thermal force methods;

Unsealed blanks of the form can be streaked with grains of toner, or with fused barvnik mass (so-called marashki) or with lines of different roses, oriented vertically;

The contours of the frail strokes of the image may have sharpened (step) edges;

On the folds of the letterhead, there is a sharp chalk of xerographic toner.

More on topic 6.2. Ways to add forms of documents and their signs of documents: intellectual and material.

1. 2.2. Submission, preparation of additional documents, sovereign awards, stamps, seals, letterheads.
2. FORMS AND FORMS OF DOCUMENTS. BASIC DETAILS OF THE SERVICE DOCUMENT. PLEASE THAT APPROVED DOCUMENTS. DOCUMENTATION
3. It is illegal to give prescriptions for other documents, to give a declaration about the withdrawal of narcotic drugs and psychotropic speeches (Article 233 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
4. 7. Examination of the collection of documents that confirm the right of the power of the borzhnik to the results of intellectual activity
5. I. Normative acts and official documents International documents and legislation of foreign countries
6. Other documents ЄKP (declarations, statements, programs, additional, propositions, plans, please, working documents)

The generation of documents can be updated and updated frequently. Additional information includes the preparation or preparation of all warehouse parts of the document: paper, letterhead, handwritten text, supporting documents (signature, other, stamps). More often documents are submitted, which are prepared in a primitive way, on clean arches of paper (advice, certificates, dedication). More regularly, documents are updated, which are prepared in a different way with different powers of authority (background networks and others). In the event of a complete addition, the documents are prepared for the relevant documents (examples of the correct documents). However, the rocks are absolutely accurate, the delivery is impossible, the process updated documents the stench produces some kind of official sign (identity with the original), which allows you to recognize the letter. Chastkovy pіdrobka polygaє at the introduction of okremih zmіn to the reference document. Such changes are made in a way: 1) cleaning: 2) chemical etching of the text: 3) before squeaking, finishing, correcting the text; 4) replace parts of the document (photocards, archival papers on rich side documents); 5) additional signatures, seals and stamps. Leather from these methods may have its own recognition signs Signs of cleaning. The cleaning is done in a mechanically removed part of the text (mostly with letters, numbers, strokes) with a path of erasing with a gumka or with a sharp object (with a razor blade, with a thin knife). When the surface ball of paper is destroyed, a part of it is seen at once behind the text that is being read. Signs of cleaning є: squeezing of the fibers of the surface ball of the paper, changing the gloss of the surface of the paper, changing the comradeship of the paper in the area of ​​the cleaning, damage to the background grid (as a result of the cleaning in one go with strokes of the text), ink of the new text, applied on the textile, the factory.

Sometimes, for masking and cleaning, the document line is smoothed, "relished" like a hard object, the lines of the background grid are smoothed. For these purposes, it is possible to carry out a summary of the entire text of the document. Signs of encirclement (double strokes to the text) by powerful forces at times call for doubts about the validity of such a document and imply a further greater delay. The revealed sign of cleaning is carried out by means of a document follow-up at the original pink, oblique, pass (through) illuminated, in ultraviolet and infrared changes, with different magnifiers of different magnification of the microscope. Reinforcing the cob text can be photographed with a path in the invisible zones of the spectrum, in oblique light, with light filters, as well as with a path using the diffuse-copying method. Signs of chemical etching. In case of chemical etching, the text of the document will be replaced, or it will often be known to be uninfluenced, or it will be a chemical reagent (acid, meadow). The chemistry of speech is embodied in its own way on the underestimated text, and in other warehouses of the document (papier, background sheet and others.). Ознаками хімічного травлення є: зміни відтінку паперу (найчастіше у вигляді жовтої плями), розпливи чорнильних штрихів нового тексту внаслідок порушення проклеювання паперу, зміна кольору фонової сітки, послаблення інтенсивності фарбування чорнильних штрихів нового тексту як результат впливу на них паперу трав, що зберігається в товщі , crackling, fragility of paper when etched with concentrated reagents A sign of chemical etching is possible due to the accumulation of optical devices, light filters, oblique lighting. A place that was subjected to etching, without signs visible under extreme illumination, may receive luminescent contamination in ultraviolet light. Reinforcing the stained text can be reached by a path of photo capture with light filters, capture of ultraviolet, red and infrared luminescence. Signs of addition, additional correction and correction (change) to the text. Dopiski vіd hands and dodrukuvannya on drukarskij mashines viroblyayutsya with a method of changing the information that should be in the document. As a rule, the stinks are small for obsyag, and then significantly change the data on the cob. підбираються зазвичай чорнило, однакові за кольором з основним текстом, пишуча машинка зі стрічкою близькою за інтенсивністю фарбування барвника Основними ознаками виробленої дописки є відмінності в загальних і приватних ознаках почерку в порівнюваних частинах тексту дописаних буквах) Крім того, можуть спостерігатися розпливи чорнильних штрихів, виконаних за folds (leggings) of the document of vіdmіnnostі in kolіrnih vіdtinka barvnika strokes. veti barvnika lines i, nareshti, vіdminnosti in defects in the font, as if the finishing work was carried out on another drukar machine. At the corrected (changed) writing signs, there are doubles, sweating strokes, closing elements that have been lost from the old sign. Some of the elements are cleaned after the additions, after which there are signs of mechanical cleaning. Addendum, additions, corrections (changes) to the text are shown with the help of optical adjustments, light filters, ultraviolet and infrared changes with a follow-up path chemical warehouse barvnikov methods of spectral analysis, chromatography and others. Signs of replacement of document elements. When submitting documents, photographs, archipelago, document numbers can be replaced. The replacement of a photo card can be found in documents that make a person famous. Technically, it can be done in a different way in fact, with the redundant parts of the wedge to the other, with the addition of the emulsion ball. On the re-gluing of the photographs with a homemade path, a vice, parts of the mastic and metal seals are affixed every day. Signs of re-gluing the photo card - opening the surface ball of the paper at the edges of the photo card, the presence of two behind the glue warehouse under the photo card and next to it, the difference behind the change, the difference and the small letter to the text at the other card on the photo card and the paper of the document, on the other side of the photo card on the edge of the photo card paper.

Under the deputy Arkushiv, at Bagatostorinkovkh documents, you can lead to the Vidmіnovosti Arkushiv for the Rosemic, Vidtynk Koloro, Linіykh, Rozbizhtyu Miskliv ZI Skripkoki (Zaivi Open the Documents in the MISTRIKS), Procedure of the Starrin, Procedure of the Starrika, Procedure for the Ros. The exposure of ultraviolet changes can reveal the luminescence of paper and barbaric strokes in the text. Fragments of other similar documents with the method of changing the series and numbers are glued in deakі documents (mainly bonds, lottery tickets). and follow the glue along the edges of the gluing. Signs of technical support for the signature. Signatures in a document can be added in various ways by way of inheritance (imitation) of a reference signature of an individual, in the name of a person it is made, or by a way of copying from zastosuvannyam technical aids. The imitation of the signature and the vikonovets її (pidrobnik) are established by the handwriting examination by the way of the incremental addition of the sumnіvny (spirnogo) signature from the signs of the signature and the handwriting of the signature of the signed individual. Subscription to the signature due to the technical and forensic evidence of the document is established. Under the PIDROBTSI, the gates of the techies are adjusted to the meter of the PIDPISE to the reference to the reference to the reference to the PIDGOTOTA, to be the same as the Office of the PIPITSIVITSENIS. After applying this rank, the signature should be outlined with ink or with a paste of a bag pen. The signature subscript may be inserted visually for the presence of folded instructions with strokes enclosing often non-overlapping strokes of preparation, for signs of increased damage at the strokes of encircling (evils, podmalovki, zupinki, dull completion of strokes). When looking at the signature in infra-red changes with the help of an electronic-optical conversion, the strokes of the encirclement, applied with aniline ink or with the paste of a bag pen, one can see the strokes of the preparation with olive oil or through the copy paper.

The preparation of the way to the vise is revealed by the obviousness of the underlying, often dissimilar strokes of the encirclement of that vise. In case of a suspected document with the right signatures of an individual, in the name of which an arbitrarily signed signature was made, for the additional support of their way, the invoice and review can be seen through the manifestations of a specific signature, which vikoristovuvavsya like a sign at the vicon. Signs of pіdrobki vіdbitkіv seals and stamps. Deyakі documents in obov'yazkovomu order issued in the form of seals and stamps in the same form and zmist. Seals and stamps are made by special enterprises for the preparation of songs. Rows of the text are typed in a font of one size and small, with the same intervals, with symmetrical rotashuvannya hundred and fifty signs, text or a small (for example, coat of arms) at the inner frame. According to the distance to the center, all letters of the text are expanded radially. In the case of primitive modifications, one can observe the violation of these rules. The prints of the seals and the stamps are supplemented by a pattern of painting, the preparation of cliches on gum or other materials, a water copy from a reference stamp, and digging through the cliche. Підробка відбитка шляхом малювання тягне за собою появу таких ознак, як прокол паперу в центрі відбитка круглого друку ніжкою циркуля, якщо він використовувався для нанесення рамки, неоднорідність за розміром і малюнком однойменних літер, нерадіальне розташування окремих літер тексту та несиметричне розташування їх по відношенню до розділів signs, the text is a little small at the inner frame. In such a way, such a way of writing can be followed by the same spelling and meaning of pardon. For vіdbitkіv z prepared in a handicraft way cliché, krіm znachenih higher sign, characteristically mirror image okremi letters, the presence of other elements of other signs. In case of a legal copy of a reference document, a re-typing is carried out on a document that is being updated. The main sign of such a feed is an inverted (mirror-like) image of the vodbitka. In order to hide the mirror image, they go to the intermediate digging on some sticky material (egg white, photopaper). The appearance on the document in the same way as the original, however, the intensity of the opacity may decrease (looks closer), however, microparticles of the material of the intermediate plate and the change in the luminescence of the paper can be affected. Rіdshe zustrіchayutsya bіlsh qualіfіkovаnі ways podrobki vіdbіtkіv аbо seals аnd stampіv. For the recognition of the letter, it is necessary to follow it equally with the right seal and with the letters from it. Zrazki vіdbitkіv for poіvnyalnogo dolіdzhennya win on arkushah clean paper until that post-cleaning druk (stamp) with a different step of onslaught. To establish the fact of making any changes to the text of the document, a technical and forensic examination is carried out. On її vyshennya put a note about the presence of a sign of cleaning, etching, adding, correcting the text, replacing a photo card or archival, about the method of adding a signature, signing a signet, a stamp, for any particular signature copying the details of the signature, about the way to prepare for another (prepared) stamp), the voucher that was put on the document, about the sameness or the other voucher, the voucher that was affixed to the final document and on the arches - srazka for matching that іn.

Criminology differentiates three types of shots:

• completely,
• Chastkov,
• Preparation of documents in sufficient form.

Pіd chastkovy pіdrobkoy it is possible to understand the introduction of a reference document, whether it is a change in the path of cleaning, chemical etching of the text, additions, additional processing, or correction of okremih letters, words; replacement of parts of the document (photocards, arkushiv); additional signatures, seals and stamps. Skin from these methods may be recognized signs.

Cleaning– mechanical removal of graphic details of documents. Її the main visual signs: skujovdzhenіst fibers and changing the gloss of the surface ball of paper; change of її tovshchina at the cleaning service; damage to the background grid; spill the ink of the new text applied over the clean-up; leftover barvnik strokes of the text. Sometimes, for masking, the smoothing of the document is smoothed with a solid object, and the lines of the background mesh are smoothed.

Clean-ups seem like a path Dosledzhennya document in pink, oblique, pass light, in ultraviolet and infrared changes, with different magnifiers of different magnification and microscope.

Reinvention of the cob text It is possible to use a path for photography in the exchange of invisible zones of the spectrum, in oblique light, with light filters, as well as a path for the diffusion-copying method.

Etching- Splashing on the graphic details of the document with chemical reagents: acids, meadows and oxidizers. With this, the barnnik znebarvlyuєtsya or zmivaєtsya. The chemical reagent is poured on the underlined text, and on papyrus, the background grid and other warehouses of the document. The main signs of etching: change of paper paper (vinification at the places of etching of color patches and oblyamivka); shortness of paper; zniknennya gloss; spread the strokes of the new text after the destruction of the glued paper; її krihkіst and brittleness, the appearance of cracks and cracks; change the color of the background grid; chastkove znebarvlennya zapisіv as a result of pouring on them sho zberіgaєtsya in comrade paper speech, sho poison; the luminescence of papers made of stained text is characteristic when the document is illuminated with ultraviolet light.

Signs chemical etching are used for the help of optical enhancements, light filters, oblique illumination, photography of ultraviolet luminescence, as well as for other UV changes.

Yakscho vibrated razchinennya zі zmivannyam, then this dilyantsi are overlaid with faintly visible strokes of the cob text, and you should beware of the yogo deep furling. Revision of stained text is carried out during photography in the ultraviolet and infrared zones of the spectrum.

Addendum- add to the graphic details of the document the letters, signs, words, or part of the text.

Dodrukarka- Addition of new words, signs or parts of the text. As a rule, additions and additions are small for obsyagi, and then significantly change the entries in the document. In most cases, the way to add words, letters, numbers, and a few strokes is to change the amount on bills of lading, invoices, receipts, the date of execution of the document, the name of the yogi vlasnik is too thin.

The main signs of additions: vіdmіnnostі vіdmіnnostі v zagalnymi i privatnymi znakah handwriting vіvnyuvanyh parts of the text; broken symmetry; the presence of unprimed grains in the appended letters; you can spread the strokes, vykonanyh behind the folds of the document, vіdmіnnostі in kolіrnih vіdtinkah and luminescence ії strokes in additions requisites and the right time to look around in the ultraviolet field.

The main signs of further education: rozbіzhnіst horizontality roztashuvannya drakovannyh signs in a row; vіdmіnnostі rozmіru i malyunіk odnomennyh drukіvіh zodiac, kolor barvnika strіchki; the difference in defects in the typeface and mechanism, as a result of which the refinishing was carried out on a different machine; the difference in luminescence of the signs in the supplementary and correct requisites for an hour of looking around in the UV-changes. Like the text of additional texts on the same machine, they revise the zbіg line rows of the main and the completed texts, the intensity of the bar line in the strokes and other signs.

Correction of the text- Frequent changes in documents by way of rewriting of some signs into others. In corrected writing signs, there is doubleness, sweating strokes, zayve elements that have been lost from the old sign. Some of the elements are cleaned, the results show signs of cleaning.

Addendum, additions, corrections to the text are based on the use of optical equipment, light filters, ultraviolet and infrared changes, a way to reach the chemical warehouse of the barnnik by methods of spectral analysis, chromatography and other.

Replacing parts of a document zdіysnyuєtsya, head rank, in documents that make a person famous. The main signs of the replacement of sheets of chi sides at passports, work books, military receipts and other documents, there is damage to the integrity of the places where the sides are folded; inconsistency of visual and other methods in text fragments; the difference in the size of the sheets, the difference between the series and the number of the document; violation of the order of the numbering of the sides; luminescence value of paper and barvnik.

Replacement of photographic cards As a rule, it is obtained from passports, consecrated individuals, water rights, and so on. Technically, it is done in different ways: more, to save a part of the seals, to remove the emulsion ball. On the glued photo card, with a path of homemade or vice, the daily parts of mastic or metal druk are affixed.

Photo re-gluing signs: v_dsharuvannya of the surface ball of paper with white edge; presence under a photo card of two different grades of glue; rozbіzhnіst za razmіrom і malyunkі liter іt tо а vіdbіtku druk іn the photo іn the paper of the document; inaccurate placement of the photo card in the designated area; non-standard size, scale, image details and int.

Fragments of other similar documents for changing series and numbers are glued in deakі documents (mainly the price of papers, bonds, lottery tickets). Such a detail appears under a microscope, in light and in ultraviolet changes through the variability of a linear background grid; the unevenness of the comrade and the volatility of the paper; follow the glue along the edges of the gluing; color and paper color.

Submitted documents are of two types:

1) with an intellectual contribution (the document has all the details, the form of the wine is correct, but the additions to this data do not show validity);

2) with material additions (before the reference document, a change was made by means of cleaning, etching, replacing photographs, or archival and other. (partial addition), or if the document is supplemented in full (externally supplemented). forensic investigation documents.

Criminology distinguishes three types of document submissions: actual, private and preparation of documents in a sufficient form.

Under the new information, it is necessary to understand the preparation of all warehouse parts of the document (paper, blank) and requisites (signatures, seals, stamps, etc.) with reference to the reference. More often than not, documents are submitted, which are prepared on clean arches of paper (additions, dedication, dedication). Next time I will update the documents obtained in a drukarian way. In this hour, there is a need to see the difference between documents and documents: technological, polygraphic, chemical and other. Therefore, it is practically impossible to add more collapsible documents in handicraft minds. At the process of preparation of additional documents, the stench gives a certain sign that they are reviewing their types of documents.

Under a private subdivision, you may add to the reference document, whether there are changes in the path of cleaning, chemical etching of the text, additions, additional corrections, or corrections (amendments) of okremih letters, words; replacement of parts of a document (photocards, archival papers on rich side documents); additional signatures, seals and stamps. Leather from these methods may have its own distinctive signs.

Cleaning- mechanically adopting graphic details of documents. Її characterize the skuyovdzhenіst of fibers and change the gloss of the surface ball of paper; change of її tovshchina at the cleaning service; damage to the background grid; spill the ink of the new text applied over the clean-up; leftover barvnik strokes of the text. Sometimes, for masking, the document's plate is smoothed out, whether it be a solid object, the lines of the background grid are smoothed out.

Identification of cleaning is carried out by means of the follow-up of the document in pink, oblique, light (on the light), in ultraviolet, infrared changes, with different microscope stages and magnifiers of different magnification. Reinforcing the cob text can be photographed in the invisible zones of the spectrum, in oblique light, with light filters, as well as using the diffuse-copying method.

Etching- Splashing on the graphic details of the document with chemical reagents: acids, meadows and oxidizers. Whom seems to have a znebarvlennya chi zmivannya barvnik. The chemical reagent is added as if on the underlined text, and on the papyrus, the background grid and other warehouse parts of the document.

Basic familiarization of the polar: Zmina vidtyinka paper (vinikennie in the mines of the traveler of the clown of dancers of the ib Oklyamіvka; Shorstkisty to the paper; zesnikennya glossy; rodpyvyvye vnaslіdka paperovyki; paper, which is taken in the comrades of grassy speech, is characterized by the luminescence of papers with stained text when the document is confirmed by ultraviolet changes and so on.

Signs of chemical etching appear behind the help of optical enhancements, light filters, oblique lighting, photographing ultraviolet luminescence, as well as photographing near ultraviolet exchanges.

As if the division was vibrating with zmivannyam, then this division is filled with weakly visible trishki of the cob text and it is guarded by yogo wild farbovannya. Enhancement of stained text helps photographing in the ultraviolet and infrared zones of the spectrum.

Addendum- Addition to the graphic details of the document including letters, signs, words, or part of the text.

Dodrukarka- Addition of new words, signs or parts of the typewritten text. As a rule, additions and additions are small for obsyagi, and then significantly change the entries in the document. Most often, the way to add words, letters, numbers, and a few strokes is to change the amount on bills, invoices, receipts, the date of execution of the document, the name of the yogi sack is just. 1, p. 98

Sound about the additions in the document to check the differences in the formal and private signs in handwriting in the correct parts of the text; broken symmetry; the presence of unprimed grains in the appended letters; you can spray strokes, vykonanyh behind the folds of the document, vіdmіnnostі in kolіrnih vіdtinkah and luminescence ії strokes іn addition requisites and prіvzhnіh when viewed in ultraviolet change.

The main signs of completion: rozbіzhnіst horizontality roztashuvannya drukіvanih signs in a row; vіdmіnnostі rozmіru i malyunіk odnomennyh drukіvіh zodiac, kolor barvnika strіchki; the difference in defects in typeface and mechanism, as a result of which the finishing work was carried out on another machine; the difference in luminescence of the signs in the supplementary and correct details when viewed in ultraviolet light. When typing on the same typewriter, on the same type of letters, the main text is overruled, they revise the zbig line rows in the main and the completed text, the intensity of the strokes in the strokes and the deuces and other signs.

Correction of the text - frequent changes in documents by way of rewriting of some signs into other ones. In corrected writing signs, there is doubleness, sweating strokes, zayve elements that have been lost from the old sign. Some of the elements are cleaned, the results show signs of cleaning.

Addendum, additional corrections, corrections to the text are made for the help of optical enhancements, light filters, ultraviolet and infrared exchanges in a way to reach the chemical stock of barnniks by methods of spectral analysis, chromatography and other.

The replacement of parts of a document is the main rank of documents that certify a person. After replacing the arched sides of passports, work books and other documents, there is damage to the integrity of the crimped sides; inconsistency of visual and other methods in text fragments; the difference in the size of the sheets, broken in the order of the numbering of the sides; luminescence value of paper and barvnik.

The replacement of photographic cards is carried out, as a rule, in passports, on the person’s name, on transfers, etc. Technically it won't work different ways: for sure, for the sake of saving a part of the beaten to the other, to the emulsion ball

To re-glue the photograph to the surface of the paper ball with white edges; visibility under the photo card of two different adhesives; rozbіzhnosti for rozmіrom and small letters to the text at the same time on the photo and paper of the document; inaccurate placement of a photo card in a designated place for it; non-standard size, scale and details of the image and in.

Fragments of other documents for changing series and numbers are glued in deyakі documents (mainly the price of papers, bonds, lottery tickets). Such a detail appears under a microscope, in light and in ultraviolet changes through the variability of a linear background grid; the unevenness of the comrade and the volatility of the paper; follow the glue along the edges of the gluing; color and paper color. 2, p. 82

Follow-up of the technical update of signatures. The cream of graphic copying and zmalovuvannya zlochintsy go into technical detailing of signatures in documents. With such an update, the signature is victorious against the copy of the paper of the copy; transfer to enlightenment; peredavlennyam that for the help of a watery copy.

The first three ways to write similar to each other, the shards of the letter repeat the rules, like the original signature. A detail can be shown to visual twists, with a slight increase in the magnification of the sinuosity and evils of a few strokes or parts; pіdmalovkam; stupid endings of strokes; false teeth writing for; on the strokes of a black copy paper; following the traces of the previous preparation of the olive when copying the signature for enlightenment; behind the indented strokes, not covered by the barn, the other behind some other signs.

Subscription of the signature for the help of a vologous copy is grounded on the uninterrupted transfer of the barn of the reference signature. For this wickedness, let’s call for some imaginary (sticky) material, which is pressed to the document with the right signature, and then we copy the document as a mirror image for details. A good result is obtained visually under the microscope behind the structure of the strokes: a weak intensity of the stroke bar, the edges of the strokes are suspected. If the signature is copied additionally, it is possible to reveal the presence of two barns.

Additional stamps and stamps.

Druk - tse special cliché, like zastosovuєtsya during the execution of documents for the application of signs, so that the song text from the images of the coat of arms can be made. Russian Federation or the subject is near the warehouse (coat of arms to a friend), the emblems of a mental sign (simply to a friend). The stamp is called a special cliché that appears on documents and business papers when they are issued for the official name of the organization.

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For those who take a document in their hands, which is considered special, it is necessary to quickly make a decision - what is the correct document?

They show the signs of the oldness of the person depicted in the photograph, the old-fashioned look of the hairdresser. Tsya, it used to be, a routine operation, really, for its sutty, folding action, which means a lot of elementary respect and singing knowledge about those that may be but the details of a documentary document, such as signs of falsification, falsification.

It is necessary to remember: reverification of documents - ce established the fact of the correctness of the document and its belonging to the bearer. Golovne її znachennya at tsomu, scho vyperedzhaє, є obov'yazkovoy mental offensive of the singing іstotnih as perveryayuchy, so individuals of the heritage are perverted. So, after having consulted with the help of the person, the practitioner of the checkpoint of the regime object, the ministry, the ministry, the office, set the permission for the entrance of the person, the ceremony. Svіrivshi data of the passport with the specialty of the yogi vlasnik, the bank’s spy cheap transactions, and the notary creaks the agreement of the gift, the purchase and sale of the same.

The re-verification of the documents is not to blame for this, but it is a formal act, as it means that in the recognition of the document that the photo pasted into the new photograph with a special presentation is recognized.

Before rechecking the documents, it should be noted that the document can be corrected, or it can be frequently updated, and that the presenter is not the person you see for yourself.

It's a pity that our lives are given numerical examples, if the evil-doers in their anti-righteous activities actively countered false documents that would make a person famous. For example, re-sticking a photograph, adding stamps about registration, about registering a flight, they filled up the apartment of a self-made summer person.

Greater grievances for their legacy of malice are due to the variety of master-updated documents, which is why it is possible to adopt modern multiplication techniques. І as a result of false documents, it is important to check the correct ones without a valid ship's examination.

To this, the re-verification of the document is due to include not only the first check, but also the watchfulness of the behavior of the presenter, as it can alert that sponukati to a more serious check of the document, as well as the individual of the first vlasnik.

Obviously, it is not possible to make a skin check of documents before revealing an intruder. Alemati on account of the possibility of such a fact and mother at least knowledge of intercourse with people with the method of revealing the true worlds of greatness from us is necessary.

Documents that certify the person, their details

The established population of our region has various documents that are used in various purposes and situations. Ale first for everything for the sake of the fact that the person, who presented the document, that he was the ruler, and the tribute, that in a new place, characterize the person as the bearer of singing rights, dignity, status.

Obyag tsikh danih or vіdomosti is not the same and lie down in the form of the document:

• photo of the sergeant, yogo name, name, according to the father, date of birth, place of registration (residence), family camp and day of residence
• photo of a sergeant, name, name, according to father, rank up to singing category, certificate of work in the ministry, department, tribute, which is on the military ticket, service commendation
• photo of the document's forerunner, nickname, name, according to father's, information about the profession's name
• photograph of the document holder, nickname, name, according to the father, belonging to a community organization, for example, to a membership card of a sports association, to a club, too.

Yak Bachimo, Tsi Tu іnshі, as well as they are documented in order to know the signs of the sovereign for the acquaintances of the name of the yogo, the affair, the landing of the vicunum , that I can skip the mode.

However, the majority of documents may be valid in the boundaries of this sphere of activity, which the department is engaged in, which they have seen, and it is clearly recognized to confirm the right of their master to take part in this activity (for example, consecrated water, student card).

At the link with this document, it is less mentally possible to zarahuvat to documents, as if they would make a person.

A universal document that certifies a person, is a passport, which is to avenge the most important information about his sack, which may be important in the most difficult situations and, for us, to give rise to rights and obligations. In the Regulations on the passport system, yoga is called the main document that entitles a person.

The strength of the documents is not the same, their recognition is determined by the difference in that requisites.

Requisites - the totality of the necessary designations of the document or data that will individualize the document. These are the same formal elements that may be at the document: the form of the letterhead, the type of paper, de vin prepared and її zahisnі means; presence, appearance and appearance of printed seals, stamps, signatures of planting marks and records, marked with a barn; Photocards of the inserted eye. This is also the designation of the series, numbers, dates of the type, term di, name of the department, organization that saw the document.

Let's take a look at the details of such a document, like a passport.

Passport with a book, which has a lining, on the front side, which is inscribed with the name of the document, the coat of arms of the country is depicted. The passport book is prepared under the State Sign for a uniform for all the country with a paper of a special type.

The passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation is sometimes considered as a passport from 1974.

The new passport has side numbers not only in the lower right corner, but in the center of the side. The series and number, on the front of the large passport, are affixed on a row of sides below, and on the other, and the 2nd, 3rd, 18th, 19th itself - on the top.

On the other side, there is the following data: the date of issuing the passport, the code of the date of issue of the authorities of internal references, which one saw the passport, the special code of the citizen (for the future) and the other special signature. On the other side there is a stamped druk.

The third side was added to fill in such tributes about the visa holder of the passport, as his name, according to the father, to become, the date of that place of the people. Nationality is no longer indicated, At the left side of the photo stickers.

The first photograph is pasted at 14 years, the other at 20, the third at 45 years. In the photograph there is no sign of a friend, but there is a special ornamentation of smuga, which suffocates levi upper cut the photograph lay down to the new part of the side, on the yak of the veins of the stickers.

(One of the photographs may be sealed with mastic druk).

The whole side is laminated, which protects it from any inflows, thereby facilitating the re-gluing of the photograph and the change of records.

Pages 16 and 17 were published for information about the family camp. On them there are records about the field, name, name, according to father, date of birth and special code of children.

It was also given a side with a stamp, for which there is a statement about the blood type of the visa holder of the passport.

The term “dії” is used, like in the front, only the passport is seen in 14 years, and not in 16 years, as it was earlier.

In this rank, before the details of the passport lie:

• special form and special paper
• the presence on the arches of the paper of a special background grid and watermarks, what to avenge singing elements polygraphic zahistu
• identification of the series and numbers on the double arches of the passport book
• a photo card of the holder of the passport, bound with two embossed seals, or with an ornamented swag on the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation
• confirmation of the signature of the head of the body of internal affairs, as if having seen the passport, with a mastic stamp of the coat of arms with a clearly commemorated image of the sovereign coat of arms, the name of the MVS service, numbers assigned to the body, as if having seen the passport
• vodbitki stamps from the records that state the place of residence (registration), the family camp of the vlasnik
• identification of the date of issue of the passport
• sorting entries in rows: name, name, according to father, become, number, month, river and place of the people
• handwritten signature of passport holder

Correction and blots in the text are not allowed. Short recordings are also turned off.

Diya passports are not interchanged with the term. After reaching the citizens of the 25th and 45th centuries, the bodies of internal affairs glue new photographic cards at the passport, which confirm these centuries. Passports, on which there are no such photographs, are not taken into account.

For the defense of the private update, the hour of registration of the passport is victorious:

• special ink used to engrave entries on the arches of the passport
• special glue for gluing photos
• bonding a glued photo card with a valid passport sheet with two embossed paperbacks

Overview of documents
The presentation of the document is reviewed with the method of determining its correctness and validity of the presentation.

Amendments are called specially prepared or navmisne zmenenі documents, zmіst any do not show validity.

Submission of documents is subdivided into two types - outside that part.

When the document is re-submitted, the document is prepared by a way to confirm all the details of the reference document - a form, stamps, notes and signatures. The latest version of the documents takes into account the knowledge of the printing industry, the presence of special (similar to reference) materials and technical benefits, which allow imitating the details of documents.

At this hour, part of the details can be used for additional computers and high-end printers.

Vіd podroblenih dokumentіv sіd vіdіznyat fiktivnі, thobto. issued in the name of those who are either not essential organizations or warehoused (certified) not by the same establishment and not by the same special one, depending on whom the stench is guilty of going out for their money. Whom can win the right, ale stolen forms, another. Golovne, which considers fictitious documents as references, but it is clear that they are false, which does not show validity, although from the formal side of the stench they can be filled in correctly.

As a butt, you can make a celebration that vicorist shahrai, in the name of foreshadowing organizations, like stinks are prepared, vicorist help, but not completed forms. Moreover, these documents are pasted with an authoritative photograph of the forerunner.

In order to reveal the fictitiousness of the document, it is required to indicate what kind of organization, establishment, in the name of which the document has been seen. Tse vymagaє navedennya dovodok, scho zavzhd really pіd hour reverification of the document. However, before the sign of the fictitiousness of the document, it is possible to see the obvious inconsistency of the appointed plant to the ovnishny look, the name of the forerunner; inconsistency in the sense of the document in its form, zmіstu vіdbіtka of the seal of the name of the organization that saw the document too soon.

Chastkove update zdijsnyuєtsya at the sight of changing the okremih requisites of the reference documents. For example, re-gluing photographs, staining of records and picturing new ones, etc.

• At the passport, most of the time, there are frequent details, which are put like this:
• zmivannya records, engraved in great ink, stamps
• etching (saving for additional chemical reagents) of records and stamps
• change of postal records by the way of their additions (for example, Petrov's ending was changed in the name, it became Petrovsky); entering to the required columns of the form of new entries
• photo replacement
• replacement of sheets of the passport book
• vikoristannya vіdbitkіv pіdroblennyh prints chi stampіv, imitation vіdbitkіv (for example, zastosovuchi novice tehnіkіv, shlyakhom painting)

The choice of the method of changing the document is changed when the document is submitted. So, in order to see oneself as one's own person, one's name is changed, according to the father's name, the river of the people, or data is saved, and photographs are replaced. When you try to get relief in order to pay alimony, it is necessary to replace the valid arches on your passport. for replacement clean leaves apply additional stamps of stamps about registration, registration only.

Documents that zasvіdchuyut person, vygotovnyayutsya and zapovnyayutsya vіdpovіdno to vymog, rules іnstruktsіy, іnshih statutory acts, scho vznachayut form dokumentіv, їkh zmіst, the order of species, the scope and lines of diї.

Review of documents should be started with the recognition of their forms, as it is determined by the recognition of the document, its names; for example, a passport, a military ticket, a wedding ceremony.

The form of the main documents, which zasvіdchuyut person, call zagalnovіdoma - tse documentary book (passport, visa ticket); lining from the insert, glued on the inner sides (supplementation). Let's reconsider that the document is clear, for which we need to print, requisites. Vyvchennya zmіstu pochinaetsya z vvchennya zafiksovanyh vіdomosti document, then see through zіstavlennya їx between themselves.

Under the hour of re-verification of the passport, the validity of the next details is checked:

• zmіst seals and stamps, stamped when issuing a passport and an entry in the column “Who has seen the passport”
• the name of the clerk of the passport and yogo special signature, letters of the least guilty, but only you yourself
• dates assigned to vodbitka stamps about registration and registration, owing to the acknowledgment of the terms of change of place of residence
• the correctness of the name of the regulations assigned to such special documents of the passport, like, for example, a stamp about the registration of the boat.

Similarly, you should check the correctness of the execution of other documents, which are presented at the time of the wedding of the individual. When we are in front of us, respect is given to those whose document is valid, chinim chi, which stands behind the line to which wine is valid, we assign it to a special column. Let's pay attention to the presence of signatures and seals, so that we can confirm the continuation of the term of the document. Follow the respect for the name of the department, organization that saw the document (sound it is instructed on the form of the document). Quite often it happens that the name of the organization, the office was changed, but it is not clearly indicated in the document.

In a number of cases, this fact does not yet mean falsification, but the authorities great kіlkistyu spіvrobіtnikov not vіdry vіgayut zminiti document forms and zrobiti їkh exchange. Ale, such situations ring out in the house. Before changing the names of ministries, committees, then the spivrobitniks of their access control services will call for information about the terms of the old forms.

Prote presence, for example, evidence, seen by the department, as if, on the idea of ​​​​an individual, as if re-verifying the document, you can already or not, or renamed, may sponkati to a greater relativistic re-verification of the document of that individual, as it is presented. Call at such vpadkah to send an additional passport, so that you can reconsider in the person of the holder of the document that is being presented.

The addition of about the requisites of documents and us in front of the printed seals and stamps in one and the same way is masked by a little vague confusion, a damaged document, rubs, folded leaves, applied patches, a blurred background of the form is thin, right up to a navmis drenched and hanging down. , Old; іmіtuєtsya vypadkovіst vologia document, Farbi too.

Tom, looking around the documents, should analyze the appearance of that roztashuvannya poshkodzhenya with the method of installation:

• some kind of zmіst of the document, giving in to the infusions, (for example, filled in with ink on the plates on the arches of the passport, recognized for such special badges, like a family camp, place of residence)
• chi can’t be masked submissively (for example, fuzzy, smearing a mastic drink to a friend masking a victorious substitute for it) crushed friend; strong crumpling of the arch of the passport with the photograph to rob the indistinguishable marks of embossed seals, which can be evidence of the possibility of replacing the photo card)

A glance at the arches of the document is carried out not only from the front side, but also from the back side, the shards on the new one can appear as a sing-song spill on the front side. So, when re-gluing a passport, it is not special glue that sounds, but otherwise, yak, hanging, deforming the sheet along the edges of the photo card, which is especially good on the back of the sheet.

Let's take a look at the report on the main stages of reviewing the document, methods of adding your requisites, and navigating signs of adding.

Blank document
The form of the document looks back at the method of preparation (drukarsky, on multiplication technology). Documents that honor a person, are prepared with the help of singing methods to each other and from singing doctors (Goznak) - a passport of a huge man of Russia, civil, service, diplomatic ...

To establish the consistency of the method of preparing the document form, the accepted methods of preparing it are necessary to select the method of another, which is victorious (temporal, flat, deep, special).

The most characteristic sign of a high friend is the presence of a relief on the back of the form.

Another sign is the sweating of a barvy ball at the sight of its own edging (edge) along the edges of the letters, numbers, lines.

The flat druk is characterized by the presence of these signs.

The image is less contrasting and clear, lower on the top of a high druku.

Signs of a flat druku are typical for forms prepared by the methods of rotaprint, sclerography, hectography and electrography.

For rotaprint lines, it is typical to use good strokes at the signs of the text and knots in the spaces of the strokes.

On the beaters, prepared by the method of electrography, additionally characteristic:

• glare of strokes with oblique illumination
• nerіvnomirna їhnya
• bumpiness of strokes in the most dark plots of the image

For vodbitkiv, prepared for additional copiers, the following signs are characteristic:

• strokes are set with dots, which are sintered particles of powder, which form a spherical shape
• a glint of barvnik strokes in the obliquely falling light
• hoarse barvnik at the mіstsyakh zginіv - bіlі smugi are coming

When otrimanny vіdbitkіv on dot matrix printers is typical:

• kindly note the dot structure of signs in the text
• є the impression of the skin point in the paper is also insignificant, but the impression on the back leaf is not visible

With different laser printers for other scanning images, the original is characterized by the following signs:

• uninterrupted, on the view of the matrix, the structure of the sign, the width of the strokes is not the same
• rounding of kutіv when changing lines
• similarity of a linear raster and a saw-like edge of strokes
• osipannya barvnik at the mіstsyah zginіv paperu

When vikoristanny drip-jet printers are characterized by:

• images of letters, signs, strokes made chaotically ruffled with the most important dots of purple, blackite, yellow and other colors

A deep friend is characterized by:

• indistinct edges of strokes of signs
• unequal tovshchina to the barvnik's ball in different elements of the witbitka

The drawing of the blanks is rarely stitched, but it can also be embroidered in the way of cremating the parts of the blank, for example, the emblem is installed, the head stamp, the badge of the signet.

When vikoristannі method painting is characteristic:

• traces of olive preparation, signs of cleaning, domalovka, uneven combination of strokes, non-standard little signs

If you have copied a copy of the papier for translating the form and the text of the form with a distant copy of the copy, then signs of a distant outline of strokes and signs can be guarded.

When the letterhead of the document, which is recognized by the person, is traced by the mother to the court, it is the fault of the preparations in the drukarian way for the high druk. After the letterhead of the document is stamped, the signs of seals and stamps look around.

Vіdbitok seals (stamps)
Druk - this is a drafted form, which can avenge the relief or the destruction of the image to the text, or the little one with the new names of the legal or physical entity, as to serve for the vykonannya signs on paper, sealing wax, plasticine or other materials. The signet of the signet is corrected and the supplements do not work.

At the hour of re-verification of documents, prints of seals are rolled on the papers of their forms.

A stamp is a special kind of a different form, which serves to serve as a sign on the arches of a document form, to avenge information about that other requisite (for example, Place of residence), and then fill it in manually.

Seals and stamps are made of metal or vikonan on elastic, springy material, such as gumi, rubber. The stench is being trained at the specialized maisternyahs for the pretreatment of singing vimogs. Rows of the text are typed in a font of one size and small, with the same intervals and symmetrical roztashuvannyami according to the ratio to the big signs (for example, zirochki), the text or the small. According to the distance to the center, all letters of the text are expanded radially.

Ways to feed:

• painting the image of the image directly on the document
• applied for additional “flat clichés”
• otrimanna vіdbitkiv for the help of self-confident embossed clichés
• otrimannya vіdbitkіv іz vikoristannymi part sravzhny druk

The painting of the image can be seen with the previous preparation:

• the right ticket is “duplicated” through a copy of the papyrus, or it is changed to enlightenment
• the image should not be outlined with a bar, the strokes of the copy can be seen with a clean-up
• without preparation - directly on the form with a pattern of drawing from a reference card, drawing from memory that painting of a good image

The application of signs for the help of “flat clichés” is sometimes used for the additional transfer of the sign of a right friend without being in the middle of the document on the left side of the document, which is being added, - but in this case, the sign is mirrored.

The most common way to fix the intermediate form is to use a mirror image of a reference document on a photo paper, a fingerprint swimmer to be used for a further imitation of an image on a document that is being reproduced.

The relief is not clichéd on any elastic material (guma, linoleum thinly), or engraved on metal. It can be prepared from the letter of the drukarian set and test material.

Embossed prints and stamps can be prepared for engraving on metal blanks, as they play the role of the matrix, then vulcanization of the gray gum from the matrix acquires a cliché.

Sometimes, when submitting a document, a part of the right hand is vindicated, as if it is covered with paper, and the lack of a home is drawn, or it is used for the help of a flat or embossed cliché of another hand.

It is rarely used in the way of removing the voucher through a copy of the papier for the additional support of the subdivided document of the document on which the correct voucher is applied.

Signs of stamps and stamps

For painted seals (stamps), the following signs are characteristic:

• non-standard budova letter and digits - handwritten or from the inherited handwritten font the form of okremy letters and їх elements
• repeated strokes
• rozdіlne vykonannya elementіv znakіv scho mayutnu budova
• uneven little ones of the same signs
• irregular shape of ovals
• curvature of straight strokes
• uneven height of the main elements of letters
• the width of the main elements of the letters is not the same
• damage to the symmetry of the image placement

Damaged lettering and numbers in the text:

• rotashuvannya of vertical axes not under one cut
• uneven spacing between letters
• other mirror images of signs
• grammatical pardons in the text

With the help of a forward preparation for making a copy of a friend (stamp) and a distant encirclement, the following signs can be remembered:

• double strokes
• different configuration of single letters and numbers
• the presence of other elements in the image of the coat of arms and letters
• follow the grains of the fit, what you write, you see a dot and a sweat of strokes
• blunt cobs and ending strokes
• increased concentration of barvnik
• on the cob and in the end I will attach what you write
• puncture in the bottom of the compass in the center of the beater

Signs of painted seals (stamps) are typical both for stamps printed directly on documents, and for self-styled clichés, which are stamped on elastic material or on metal.

When vikoristanny "flat cliches" can be guarded by the following signs:

• weakly garbled image
• fuzzy between strokes of letters, small
• uneven distribution of barvnik at the strokes - plots with a greater and lesser concentration of barvnik (in the rest of the fall, insufficient contact between plots or insufficient illumination)
• skujovdzhenіst of paper fibers and vіdsutnіst luster in the field
• mirror image of signs (and one can be transferred at once from the image to another (stamp) and other documents from it of the reference document)

When preparing a self-made cliche from an elastic material, the following signs can be guarded:

• unequal between words and letters
• vіdhilennya axes of letters vіd radii іv kol.
• letters have different stroke widths
• rozbіzhnist image of the same letters
• irregular lines of oval letters
• bevel kutіv at mіstsyah
• finish the strokes of the letters

In case of a non-intermediate choice for the removal of the metal plate, on which image the other (stamp) is engraved, in addition to the visual indication, an uneven rosette of the barvnik is placed near the plate on the elastic material (poor metal).

Some documents are stamped with seals (stamps) of other organizations, set the stamp of one, set the seal of another. In these cases, the beats can be applied indistinctly, with a comprehensible blurred text (turn cliché), with a large (“bold”) or insufficient (“blend”) amount of barvnik, in order to make it easier to read the stencil (stamp).

A number of vipadkіv zdіysnyuєtsya vygotovlenny vіdbitka for additional installation of parts of kіlkoh prints (stamps) or other images. For example, one text is victorious, and the image of the coat of arms is affixed to the coin victoria. With whom signs given methodє hrіzna garnitura znіkіv znachіv v slovu text, retiny coat of arms outside the frame druk, if the stench is applied okremo.

With the help of multiple copies (copying) devices, for the help of which, document forms are copied at once from seals and stamps affixed to them, there may be warning signs:

• the presence of a “marashok” dot on the entire surface of the paper
• the presence of third-party images in the presence of a photoreceptor breakdown - speckles, patches, smugs

Signets and stamps can be prepared for copying of the right ones - scanning them in the offensive process laser printer. Such types have the following signs:

• the edges of the strokes are saw-like
• stroke width is not the same
• when reshaping the strokes, rounding of the cuts is observed
• text and signs of sorrows (stamps) do not care about the color and size of the bar

Today computer technology allow to cook high-yield drawn form s vіdbitkom druk or stamp.

Photocard replacement
The photograph may have been replaced on the documents that certify the person. In these cases, on the photo card there is a part of the card to another, which is not creaked with the document: most often the missing part of the card is homely, or the card of the crushed friend is applied to it.

It is possible to copy a part of an emulsion ball from an old photo card with another one and stick a part of it onto a new photo card. Sometimes it is possible to insert a new photo card and a part of the old one with a different one and glue these parts onto the document. The installation is masked along the line of the underline of the signs, zabrudnyuyuchi the surface of all sides of the passport, creating the enemy of an old document.

Signs of replacing a photo card
Poshkodzhennya paper on the plots, which adjoin to the її part, there is no other way.

Presentation of the line under the part of the photo cards for the hour of their installation. The line of summation of signs becomes commemorative, like a passport for an hour when I look around, the photo is bent at the place of a fixed photograph. Parts of the mounted photograph may not grow along the line of the image of the photographed clothing, and also not move along the edges near the line of the line (one part protrudes through the line). The number of parts may not coincide with the plane of the image (higher, lower) and the background of the image (the difference is clear).

Razbіzhnіst vіdbitkіv іnіy kolі druk, nasamper її obіdka. There is a difference in the curvature of the kil, mutually rozashuvanny parts of the ticket and the surface of the document.

You can also use photo prints, which were previously pasted on another document and also creaked to each other. At the time, the crime of the diversity of parts of the sounds, you can posterigate the small letter and numbers in the font, expand it, change the text, which you can learn. You may remember the uneven contamination of the beats, their color and intensity of the image of the parts of the image.

Crossing the card with a part of the card to another on the form.

It is not the same thing to see the emulsion ball of the photo card and the її fragment from the other hand.

At the time of viewing a photograph of a part of an emulsion ball with a slightly different gluing on a new photograph, you may notice the wrinkling of that fragment of a photograph for a rahunok by pouring on a new glue.

The Danish method of adding can be traces of glue on the surface of the print, bottling barvnik vіdbitka druk as a result of the photograph.

The photo card is pasted onto the document on the back of the hand to file a mіtsno and need susilla, sob vіdokremiti її vіd paper. In the result, along the edges of the new znima, you can biyuyaviydi viddіlennnya of the first: vіdriviv sovereigns of the superficial ball with a paper with a linii maleunka є є on the noma, a skuyovjenism of fibers of the paperi.

There is respect for the embossed marks of a metal druk, as they are applied for the help of a special press, with which photographs are sealed with a valid passport arch. We are restoring our visibility, then we will freeze on the photograph and the arch of the passport - lines of blame for the blame, approving the word "passport". The evenness of the indentation of the strokes of the letters, the visibility of the reliefs on the photographs, the front and back sides of the passport arcuate, are worn out.

The addition of a embossed beater to a photo beater is imprinted either with a path of indentation of strokes, be it a sharpened object, or with a specially prepared metal form.

The following signs can be added to the details of this document's details:

• the appearance of duality and different depth of strokes in a relief wedge when manually imitating
• nezbіg vіdbіg vіdbіg vіdbіg vіdbіg vіdbіg vіdbіg vіdbіg vіdbіg vіdbіgі vіdpokіvі on fotokartsi і arkushі document
• the inconsistency of strokes on the card on the replacement of the photo card with the strokes of the right marks, as it can be seen in the asymmetry of the shading of the letters in the row of the card, the different width and depth of the strokes, their uneven edges, the waviness
• when we see the strokes of the sharpened object, it is not a hit, but the next striking object that comes out

It is possible to see a photograph and a sticker on the passport holder's passport. With whom it is not easy to get a ticket to a friend for a photograph and documents - their parts may not match. Tsya furnishing is re-verified according to the number of signs on the photo and documents.

On the back of the arch of the passport with a replaced photo card, you can show wrinkled paper under the photo card, or change the color of the paper under the splash of speech glue.

Photocard may be replaced at other occasions. The sign on these documents is guilty of creaking like a beat to a friend, sound mastic. In such situations, an addition is added to the newly pasted photograph of the daily parts of the other day. Pіdrobka can be zdіysnyuvatisya with a path of painting or digging a wіdbitka.

The homemade parts are characterized by characteristic (manuscript) variants of letters, the unevenness of their expansion and joint strokes, the access of the axes of signs in direct radii of the kil.

For vykonannya line kіl near the parts of the vіdbіkіv on fotoznіmku often vikoristovuєtsya compasses - near the mіstsі vіdpovіdny center kіl vіdbіkі can commemorate the trace in the puncture of the bar of the compass.

In the homemade parts of the beaten can be traced to the previous preparation like olive strokes for the preparation. It’s important to accurately match the color and color of the barbers to the matched, painted and right match. Vіdminnostі behind tsimi signs can tell about pіdrobku.

Perekopuvannya vіdbitka zdіysnyuєtsya in the same ways, like the addition of seals.

Sometimes insults are ways of getting upset. The text of each other and the lines of the stake are painted, for the image of the coat of arms, a metal coin of a large diameter is used. Such a letter can be easily done for visual signs of painting a friend and an indistinct image of the coat of arms, as you can also put it in the center of a friend.

The only sign that indicates the replacement of a photograph on a document is the presence of a natural gap (interruption) in parts of the photo to another on the photo card and document, which is established when a correct note is applied to the one that the photograph appears on the surface of the document. With a home-made vidbitka, the worker uses the natural interval.

Replacement of parts of documents
The passport book has a number of pages, which have different entries and badges (about the registration of the flight, children, about obov'yazok pay alimony, about registration and registration). For a number of vipadkіv vlasnik passports with the method of prihovat yakіs іz tsikh vіdomosti replace them with other sheets - either clean, or with other vіdomosti, for example, about the place of residence.

The replacement of the underleaves may be revealed behind such signs:

• the presence of the openings on the openings on the violins (like old violins), the different placement of the openings for the violins
• rozbіzhnіst іz suіdnіmі sheets fоr format thаt form edges
• rozbіzhnіst for zmіst and rozmіshchennyam drukarskih and other signs, including parts of letters, numbers
• sequencing of sheets by series and number, broken by the sequence of the numbering of the sides
• rozbіzhnіst linіy drukarskogo graphlennya, malyunkіv zahisnoї sіtka, watermarks

Sometimes it is necessary to change part of the passport sheet. In case of any change, a part of the designation of the number of that series and up to it, the main part of the arcuette of the other passport is taken into account. The place where these parts begin to sound is glued to the female paper, sticky stitches. For replacement, it is necessary to show the layout of the sheet according to the line of the rose, paper paper, mutual placement of letters, small prints.

A paper sticker with the identification of the series and the number of the passport has been vindicated. For the sake of old, the signs are forwarded ahead of time. On the side of the sticker, there are signs of paperwork, rozbіzhnostі linіy small zahisnoї sіtki, follow the glue, as well as chastkové tsієї dіlyanka vіd vіd vіd vіd аrkush of the document.

Replacing passport leaves can be disguised in offensive ways. I'm changing the series and numbers, painting other letters and numbers. As a result, signs of cleaning and drawing of letters and numbers are observed.

Smeared or filled with a barn, the badge of the series and the number on the archway, which is inserted at the passport. At the same time, for masking, sometimes the plates of those other arches of the passport are filled in, on which the designation of the first series of numbers is affixed, but so that these designations were often read.

Gluing or gluing the paperwork of the document with the method of replacing, the first series, the number, other records can be revealed by looking at the enlightenment, under different kutas to the dzherel of light, after the sweating of the paper on the other board.

Passports with replacement sheets often have an imitation of wear and tear - the leaves of the passport are overwritten, confused. Therefore, before the hour of re-verification of the passport, the series and numbers of the passport are displayed on the leather side; twisted, on top of the sheet, there is a designation of series and numbers with a method of showing the possible gluing of these plots; look around the letters and numbers for a sign of cleaning and painting. The spears of the arkush, the little ones of the sour nets, and other burning elements, as if it is suspected that the arkush is made up of two mounted parts, are being repaired.

Change of change of the document
Entries in the passport, which reflect the statements about Yogo Vlasnik, are filled with a special ink. The stench is not seen by etching or zmivannyam, but can change only after cleaning the text with a further addition, changing the image of four letters and numbers, their elements, and sometimes gluing in the records of other passports.

The correction of the strokes in the records is most often carried out along the contours of the strokes that can be seen. Їх vishkrіbannya to bring to destruction the integrity of the paper at the places of cleaning. As a result, there is a slight sagging of the surface ball at the sight of the fibers sagging, consuming the glossiness characteristic of a passport paper. The lines of the defense grid and the dotted lines of the graph are broken. The strokes of the letters of the signs are poshkodzhuyutsya, which are known to be instructed by the cleaning workers. The traces of the cob records can be seen in the sight of the small parts of the barvnik, which do not overlap with the obvious records. Since new recordings are vibrated at the cleaning stations, their strokes can often be spilled.

Signs of cleansing can be revealed by an unobstructed (without the help of a beat) eye. Suffice it to look at the document under different levels of illumination. On the aphid glare of the surface of the paper, the cleaners look at the dark, matte patches. In light of the light, the paper was made at the cleaning service.

Maskuvannya vyskoblenyh dіlyanok and some zdіysnyuєtsya for the help of their smoothing, polishing. In such situations, there may be a rise in the brilliance of their businessmen, follow the pressure of smoothing out the cleansing job.

The signing of the records or their parts are sometimes not accompanied by the addition of these records. To finish, for example, tidy up the final letters of the name, so that it has changed, having saved your root.

So, you can take away the nickname "Piven" by seeing the end of the nickname "Piven" and so on. Such a manipulation was carried out to change the title, added to the document. Changes can be made to embroidered okremih elements of letter signs or parts. Dosit replace only a letter, and the opportunity to read in a different way. For example, "Mishin" - "Mizin", "Butov" - "Bitov" toshcho.

Dosit often in passports is changed by such a rank of nationality: one of the digits is transformed into another, for example, the number 4 is transformed into the number 1, the number 8 into the number 3. Vishkrіbuyutsya "zayvі" figurative details of the numbers.

Addition - changing the postal notes at the sight of adding to them a few strokes, letters, lines - it sounds like the inherited handwriting, which fills in the form of the document.

Additions can be displayed behind the following signs:

• stisli or zbіlshenі gaps between words, letters and numbers
• zsuv row lines uphill or down
• unequal baptism of the same letters
• razne rozashuvannya znakiv schodo liniy graphlennya and the edge of the document
• selection of various types of devices, what to write
• curvature (curvature) of rectilinear strokes, roughness of ovals, incorrect teeth of the writing tool, blunt cobs and completion of strokes (all signs of improving the movement of the hand by scribbling additions)
• the presence of underlined strokes as a result of enclosing the entire text in order to add an appendix

Signatures are added to the documents, which zavіdchuyut a person, which are prepared with the help of unlawfully obtained blanks or blanks from affixed stamps, signatures. You can also use graphical references to the right signatures. Such a way of filing can be shown, as well as a copy of the right signature. The fact of the addition may be a sign of the appearance of the letters in the handwriting of the Vikonan with a lot of letters and strokes, as well as the appearance of false teeth when writing the letters, the winding of the strokes, which characterize the charms of the hand of the pilot.

If the signature of the document is written after affixing a note to another, then it can also be revealed by the continuity of the traces of the writing tool, the obviousness of the pouring of the barve on the stroke of the stroke, which is intertwined, the continuity of the glare over the recumbent stroke.

Vіdom_ also ways of technical updating of signatures in documents. With such an introduction, with the method of approaching the signed signature to the right one, it will follow the forward preparation, which is done by one of the following methods:

• with a copy of the copy of the copy paper, which is used between the right document from the signature and the supplemented document. I have a signature, which I imagined, to be surrounded by a drukarian attachment
• repainted to enlightenment
• to transfer - the right signature is outlined with a strong onslaught, whether it be a sharpened object, then the contour image of the signature near the embossed strokes is outlined with ink, the paste of a bag pen
• for additional materials, which help copying the building with the path of the so-called water-based copying: victorious copying of the material, for example, photocopy, presses down to the document with the signature and, not letting it dry, apply to the document that is being added

The first three ways of copying are similar to each other, so that the detail repeats the rules, which are how the original signature is written. Such an addition appears behind the strokes of the copy paper, traces of the forward preparation of the olive, indented strokes, signs of underpainting at the apparent zigzag strokes, blunt their endings, untrue splinters of the attachment.

The remaining (fourth) way is visible behind weak strokes, fuzzy (fluffy) edges. Sometimes such a signature should be circled. And here you can see the signs of this method of feeding.

In such documents, as if confirmed, they are not covered with a veneer, which is laminated, the change can be changed not only in a way, with a further addition to the text, or even fragments, but also stained or etched records. As a result of etching on the surface of the document, matte patches appear, the colors change, the color of the paper (the etching plate can be light, dark, mother yellow). The papier in the etching area becomes short, there are signs of spilling new strokes after the destruction of the sizing of the paper, the appearance of cracks and openings, changing the color and the background of the document.

When zmivannі zapisіv utvoryuyutsya plyami vіd polivannâ barvnika, like the stench of vykonanі, may be revealed pіdtіkannya. On the dilyantsi, the text is visible, the weak strokes of the cob records may be left out, and there may be a foul farbing.