Modern computers have wide possibilities for working with videos, and their masters often marvel at movies on the monitor screen. And with the emergence of barebones multimedia platforms, oriented towards the same as a home media center, there is less interest in connecting audio and video equipment.
Kudi is more convenient and more practical to marvel at the video on great screen a TV set, even more so that practically all modern video cards are equipped with a TV output.
The need to connect a TV set to a computer is the same when editing an amateur video. As you can easily change your mind in practice, the images of that sound on the computer will sound quiet, as you will later hear on the TV. To this, all video editors give the ability to look ahead of the results of editing on a TV receiver right from the working scale before the film is created. Acknowledge video lovers to constantly control the image and sound that is displayed on a TV screen, and not on a computer monitor.
So, how to improve video cards, choose the image standard, as well as improve the quality of video outputs in video cards of various types and solve problems that are blamed for this, go beyond the scope of this article - here we can look at the power of the television: on the video card, as the stench works out among themselves, and they find ways to connect the computer to the TV.

Interface for display connection

Classic analog interface (VGA)

Computers have long been victorious with a 15-pin analog D-Sub HD15 (Mini-D-Sub) interface, which is traditionally called a VGA interface. The VGA interface transmits red, green and blue (RGB) signals, as well as information about the horizontal stripe (H-Sync) and vertical synchronization (V-Sync).

All modern video cards can have such an interface, or they can provide it with an additional adapter from the universal combined DVI-I (DVI-integrated) interface.

In this way, before the DVI-I plug, you can connect both digital and analog monitors. An adapter from DVI-I to VGA interface is included in the delivery set for a wide range of graphics cards and allows you to connect old monitors with a 15-pin D-Sub (VGA) plug.

Please note that whether a DVI-interface transmits analog VGA-signals, it can be received through similar adapters. The video card can work with a DVI-D digital interface, to which it can be connected only digital monitors. Visually, such an interface looks like a DVD-I with a few openings (contacts) near the horizontal cut (align the right parts of the two DVI roses).

Often modern graphic cards are equipped with two DVI outputs, and in case of a stink, sound, universal - DVI-I. Such a video card can be used at once with any monitors, moreover, with both analog and digital ones in any set.

DVI digital interface

DVI-interface (TDMS) is the main division for digital monitors, as it does not appear in the graphic card for converting digital signals to analog.

And if the transition from analog monitors to digital monitors is correct, then the retailers of graphical control sound victorious and technology in parallel. In addition, modern video cards can work with two monitors at the same time.

The universal DVI-I interface allows you to use both digital and analog connections, and DVI-D is only digital. Vtіm, DVI-D interface zustrіchaєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєє DOSIT RіKO і zazvichay zastosovuёєєєєєєє stosovuєєєєєє іn cheap іdеoadapters.

In addition, DVI digital sockets (moreover, both DVI-I and DVI-D) can have two different types - Single Link and Dual Link, which are controlled by the number of contacts (Dual Link has all 24 digital contacts, and in Single Link - less than 18). Single Link is suitable for installation in outbuildings with a separate building up to 1920x1080 (full HDTV remote building), about More permissions are needed already Dual Link, which allows you to increase the number of pixels that can be displayed.

HDMI digital interface

Digital multimedia interface HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface) great companies- Hitachi, Panasonic, Philips, Sony etc. The 19-pin HDMI variant is widely used today for transmitting high-definition television (HDTV) signals to residential buildings up to 1920x1080 (1080i). To transmit a video signal with the highest bandwidth, you will need 29-pin Type B sockets. In addition, HDMI can provide up to eight channels of audio with a bit depth of 24 bits and a frequency of 192 kHz and may be subject to Digital Rights Management (DRM) copyright protection.

The HDMI interface is remarkably new, but in the computer sector there are many competitors - both on the side of the traditional DVI interface, and on the side of new and progressive interfaces, such as UDI or DisplayPort. Prote products HDMI ports are systematically pushed into the market, the shards of modern video technology are more equipped with HDMI sockets themselves. In this way, the development of the popularity of multimedia computer platforms stimulates the appearance of graphic and motherboards with HDMI ports, no matter what the computer makers for which standard have to buy a license and pay for a fixed license fee for a skin product sold with an HDMI interface.

Licensing fees increase the cost of HDMI-ports for the end product - for example, a video card with an HDMI port costs about 10 dollars. more expensive. In addition, it is unlikely that an expensive HDMI cable (10-30 dollars) is included in the delivery kit, so you might have to buy it. However, it is hoped that due to the growing popularity of the HDMI interface, the amount of such a markup will gradually change.

The HDMI interface uses the same TDMS signal technology as DVI-D, and there are inexpensive adapters for these interfaces.

І HDMI interface docks have not yet replaced DVI, such adapters can be used for connecting video equipment via DVI-interface. Please be aware that HDMI cables cannot be driven beyond 15m.

New UDI interface

At the beginning of the year, Intel announced a new digital Unified Display Interface (UDI) for connecting digital monitors to a computer. Поки що Intel тільки заявила про розробку нового типу підключення, але найближчим часом вона планує повністю відмовитися від старого аналогового інтерфейсу VGA і здійснювати підключення комп'ютерів до пристроїв відображення інформації через новий цифровий інтерфейс UDI, нещодавно розроблений інженерами цієї компанії.

The creation of a new interface is based on the fact that the analog VGA-interface, and the development of a digital DVI-interface, according to the representatives of the Intel company, are now hopelessly outdated. In addition, these interfaces do not support new systems to protect content, such as the new generation of digital media, such as HD-DVD and Blu-ray.

In this rank, UDI is practically analogous to the HDMI interface, which is the best way to connect computers to today's HD TVs. The main (and possibly single) role of UDI in HDMI will be the audio channel, so UDI will transmit only video images and more coverage for work with computer monitors, and not with HD-TVs. In addition, Intel may not want to pay licensing fees for the skin vibration of HDMI devices, so UDI will become a good alternative for companies that want to cheapen their products.

The new interface is completely summative with HDMI, as well as supporting all kinds of content in a given hour of the system, which allows you to seamlessly open new wearables, possessing a copying type.

New DisplayPort interface

Another new video interface - DisplayPort - has recently taken aback from the side of the company that enters the VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association) warehouse.

The DisplayPort standard is being developed by a number of great companies, including ATI Technologies, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, nVidia, Royal Philips Electronics and Samsung Electronics. It is believed that the prospect of DisplayPort will become a universal digital interface that allows you to connect displays. different types up to we will build outbuildings that to computer possession.

The DisplayPort 1.0 specification allows for hourly transmission of both video and audio streams (in this sense, the new interface is similar to HDMI). It is significant that the maximum throughput capacity for the DisplayPort standard to become 10.8 Gb / s, and for transmission, a thin cable with two conductors is used.

Another feature of DisplayPort is that it supports content protection (similar to HDMI and UDI). In the case of security measures, it is allowed to display the document or video file only on the periphery of the number of "sanctioned" outbuildings, which theoretically reduces the possibility of illegal copying of materials that are protected by copyright. І nareshti, roznіmannya, vikonanі vіdpovіdno up to the new standard, thinner than today's roses DVI and D-Sub. Zavdyaki port of DisplayPort can be vikoristovuvat in the possession of a small form factor and easy to work rich-channel add-ons.

Dell, HP and Lenovo have already voiced about support for the DisplayPort standard. Obviously, the first extensions, provided with new video interfaces, will appear until the end of streaming rock.

Vіdeoroz'єm on a graphic map

On modern video cards, krіm roses for connecting monitors (analog - D-Sub or digital - DVI), there is a composite output for viewing video ("tulip"), or 4-bar S-Video-width, or 7-bar combinations video video (one hour and S-Video and composite inputs and outputs).

For S-Video, the situation is simple - for sale there are S-Video cables or adapters for other sockets of the SCART type.

However, if a non-standard 7-pin rose is used on video cards, then in this case it is better to save that adapter, which is in the video card kit, because the standards for the development of such a cable are ¾ kіlka.

Composite video signal (RCA)

So the titles of composite video have long and widely been awarded for the connection of on-the-fly audio and video equipment. The pink of this signal sounds like RCA (Radio Corporation of America), and people call it a "tulip" or a VHS connector. Please note that similar video equipment plugs can transmit not only composite video but also audio, but also a lot of other signals such as component video or high-definition television (HDTV). Sound the forks of the "tulips" to make a color marking, so that it is easier to orient yourself in a ball of wires. Expanded values ​​of colors are shown in Table. one.

Table 1

The wire for the transmission of the composite signal can be made long (for the extension of the wires, you can use simple adapters).

Against the background of the low quality of the day and the neohay commutation of "tulips" step by step enter the past. Until then, cheap RCA roses are often broken on the owners. Today, on digital audio and video equipment, more and more often zastosovuyutsya other types of switching and navіt pіd h transmission analog signals better win SCART.

S-video

Often on video cards and televisions there is a couple of contacts S-Video (Y / C, Hosiden), which serve to transmit video signals of higher quality, lower composite. On the right, the S-Video standard has different lines for transmitting brightness (signal of brightness and data synchronization is indicated by the letter Y) and color (color signal is indicated by the letter C). Podіl іv іskravostі іt kolorа іt аlєє аlѕtає tо аs аl аs аlst brаshої аsіstі pictures porіvnyа z composite RCA-interface (tulip). More high quality when transmitting analog video, it can provide either more separate RGB or component interfaces. A simple S-Video - RCA adapter is used to convert the composite S-Video signal.

If you don’t have such an adapter, you can work it out on your own. Vtim, there are two options for displaying a composite signal from a video card with an S-Video interface, and choose to choose the type of video card. Deyakі cards vmіyut switching modes of viewing and submit to S-Video-output a simple composite signal. In the mode of supplying such a S-Video signal, you simply need to connect contacts, for which a composite signal is sent, with “tulip” outputs.

The distribution of the RCA cable is simple: the video signal is supplied by the central core, and the external braiding is the “ground”.

S-Video breeding is as follows:

• GND - "ground" for the Y-signal;
• GND - "ground" for the C-signal;
• Y - radiance signal;
• C - signal of color (revenge insults of color).

If S-Video output can be used in the composite signal mode, then the other contact is connected to ground, and in the fourth - a signal. On the selected S-Video plug, which will be necessary for the preparation of the adapter, the contacts are numbered. The sockets and sockets of the plug are numbered mirror-wise.

If the video card does not support the mode of viewing a composite signal, then it will be possible to change the color and brightness signal from the S-Video signal through a capacitor with a capacity of 470 pF. Withdrawing in such a rank, the signal is sent to the central core, and the “ground” from the other contact is sent to the braiding of the composite cord.

SCART

SCART is the most common combination of analog interface and wide extensions in Europe and Asia. Its name resembles a French abbreviation introduced in 1983 to the United Radio Retailers of French Television Equipment (Syndicat des Constructeurs d'Appareils, Radiorecepteurs et Televiseurs, SCART). This interface provides analog video signals (composite, S-Video and RGB), stereo sound and control. Today, leather vibrations for Europe TV or video recorder are equipped with at least one SCART socket.

For transmission of simple analog signals (composite and S-Video) to the market, there are many different adapters for SCART. This interface is handy, not only that everything is connected for the help of only one cable, but also that it allows you to connect to a TV set with a high-yield RGB-video without intermediate coding in composite or S-Video signals and take it highest quality the image on the screen of a single-button TV (the brightness of the image and the sound when submitted via SCART noticeably overrides the brightness of other analog connections). Similar possibility, but the truth, is not realized in all video recorders and televisions.

In addition, the retailers added additional capabilities to the SCART interface, reserving a few contacts for the future. From that hour, as the SCART interface became the standard in European countries, they added a sprinkling of new powers. For example, for the help of existing signals on pin 8, you can switch TV modes via SCART (switch it to monitor mode and back), switch the TV mode to work with RGB signals (pin 16) and so on. Contacts 10 and 12 recognized transfers of digital data via SCART, so it is practically necessary to have as many commands as possible. Іsnuє kіlka vіdomih systems іnformаtsiієyu іnformatsієyu for podpomogoyu SCART: Megalogic, vikoristovuvana firm Grundig; Easy Link by Philips; SmartLink type by Sony. Truthfully, they are stunted by interfacing between TV sets and VCRs of these companies.

Before speech, the standard transmits SCART cables: type U - universal, which secures all connections, V - without sound signals, C - without RGB signals, A - without RGB video signals. Unfortunately, the current component modes (Y, Cb/Pb, Cr/Pr) are not supported by the SCART standard. However, some DVD players and large-format televisions are capable of transmitting via SCART and component video signal, which is transmitted through contacts, which are superior to the standard for RGB signal (however, with RGB connection, such a possibility is practically not possible).

For connection to SCART composite or S-Video-dzherel for sale ¾ different adapters. Many of them are universal (two-way) with a switch between input and output.

There are also simple unidirectional adapters, adapters for connecting mono or stereo sound, as well as roses for switching between switches. In case of need, if I need to add up to one, I’ll add two times, you can beat the SCART-rozgaluzhuvach for two or three straight lines. Those who are not in power, but who are not available for proponing options, can work with the authorities to recognize SCART contacts, pointing to Table. 2.

The numbering of the pins is indicated on the roses:

Obviously, there are no SCART roses in computers, however, knowing this specification, you can for sure prepare an adapter for switching to an analog computer monitor as a way to receive a video signal from a tape recorder, or, navpacki, for feeding a video signal to a computer, video signal possession of a SCART rose.

For example, to enter or enter a composite signal from the SCART socket, you need to take coaxial cable with a 75 ohm wire support and split the outer braid (“earth”) and the inner core (composite signal) on the SCART roses.

Viewing a video signal from a computer to a TV set (TV-OUT):

• the composite signal is fed to pin 20 of the SCART socket;

To introduce a video signal from a video recorder to a computer (TV-IN):

• composite signal - to the 19th contact of the SCART socket;
• "ground" - on the 17th contact of the SCART socket.

p align="justify"> Width of contacts when preparing an adapter for S-Video is also shown in Table. 2.

Viewing a video signal from a computer to a S-Video TV (TV-OUT):

• 3rd pin S-Video - 20th pin SCART;

Introduction of a video signal from a video recorder to a computer S-Video (TV-IN):

• 1st pin S-Video - 17th pin SCART;
• 2nd pin S-Video - 13th pin SCART;
• 3rd pin S-Video - 19th pin SCART;
• 4th pin S-Video - 15th pin SCART.

To connect a computer to an RGB TV, it is necessary for the computer to see the RGB signal in a way that is understandable for the TV. Some RGB signal is sent through a special 7-, 8- or 9-line combination of video outputs. In this way, in customizing the video card, it may be possible to switch the video output of the RGB mode. Since the video card on the video card does not have sim contacts (such a plug is called mini-DIN 7-pin), then in normal mode the S-Video signal is sent exactly to the same contacts, as in the usual choti-pin S-Video sockets. And in RGB mode, the signals on the contacts can be split different ways fallow in the video card picker.

As an example, you can make contacts in one of these 7-pin SCART roses (this way it can be done on some video cards that are based on NVIDIA chips, but on your video card you can use it differently):

• 1st pin mini-DIN 7-pin (GND, "ground") - 17th pin SCART;
• 2nd pin mini-DIN 7-pin (Green, green) - 11th pin SCART;
• 3rd pin mini-DIN 7-pin (Sync, female) - 20th pin SCART;
• 4th pin mini-DIN 7-pin (Blue, blue) - 7th pin SCART;
• 5th pin mini-DIN 7-pin (GND, "ground") - 17th pin SCART;
• 6th pin mini-DIN 7-pin (Red, black) - 15th pin SCART;
• 7th pin mini-DIN 7-pin (+3 V RGB mode control) - 16th SCART pin.

For any kind of adapters, it is necessary to twist the cables with a support of 75 Ohm.

There are no roses on the graphic card for video connection

If you have a daily television output on your video card, then, in principle, the TV can be connected to a standard VGA-pin. However, whoever has a vipad needs electrical diagram uzgodzhennya signals (screamed, schopravda, clumsy). To the market special outbuildings, how to convert the original computer VGA-signal RGB and the signal of the increase (synchronization) for the TV. Such an attachment is connected to a VGA cable between a computer and a monitor and duplicates the signal that goes through the VGA output.

In principle, such an attachment can be developed independently. The signal strength of VGA and SCART will be as follows:

• VGA SCART PIN SCART Description;
• VGA RED - on the 15th SCART pin;
• VGA GREEN - on the 11th SCART pin;
• VGA BLUE - on the 7th SCART pin;
• VGA RGB GROUND - on the 13th or 9th or 5th SCART pin;
• VGA HSYNC & VSYNC - on the 16th and 20th SCART pins.

It will also be necessary to apply +1-3 to the 16th SCART pin and 12 to the 8th SCART pin to switch to AV-mode with 4:3 side-to-side ratios.

However, the direct connection, which is better for everything, does not require the operation of an electrical circuit for synchronization, as shown at http://www.tkk.fi/Misc/Electronics/circuits/vga2tv/circuit.html or http://www.e. kth .se/~pontusf/index2.html .

Regardless of the expansion of digital networks, analog data transmission channels are still victorious. There are a few reasons for this.

In industrial automation systems, there is a large number of developments and the preparation of rich roques for this purpose, such as analogue data transmission channels. It can be sensors, avionic attachments (valves, pumps), as well as registration attachments (self-recorders). The replacement of this possession will be sufficient and will require great capital investments. In addition, the transfer of any kind of business to digital lines means a one-time replacement of practically all information cable lines. Such a large-scale reconstruction will require both majestic bones and grains of the manufacturing process, which is often unacceptable. Therefore, when creating a modernization automatic systems the control is to be brought to the selection of analog transmission channels for the removal of information from the sensors and the transfer of control to the control mechanisms.

Perevagi

The main advantage is the choice of data transmission interface for sensors in the 4...20 mA strum loop - the choice of all two wires for connecting with the data collection system. Krym tsgogo, for the input of digital interfaces, do not require additional hardware program contributions for the implementation of the standard data exchange protocol dodatkovy nalashtuvannya(for example, programming addresses)

Strum or voltage

Rice. one.

At the same time, there are analog interfaces with intelligent sensors (in which microcontrollers are used for forward processing of the signal) or other devices with an analog interface, which are responsible for the digital controller, which performs digital-analog conversion. Vrahovyuchi, scho in different types can vikoristovuvatysya like strumov, and potential interfaces, to simplify the circuit and change її varnosti it is necessary to choose a DAC chip, building without additional elements to protect the types of output signals.

Such a microcircuit of a specialized sixteen-digit digital-analog converter MAX5661(Div. small 2).

Rice. 2.

The possibilities of the microcircuit are sharply different from those of similar devices. Varto specify whether it is possible to form a strum signal in the range of 0...20/4...20 mA, as well as a potential (including for a 4-wire circuit with a compensation support for the input wires) with an amplitude of up to ±10 , moreover, most of the time the zero shift is taken from 0.1%, and the error is to become more than 0.3% on the full scale. The transfer characteristic of the DAC can be guaranteed monotonicity, which is even more important for closed regulators.

When designing a microcircuit, a solution was adopted old dzherelo the reference voltage is 4.096 V. This is due to the fact that during the operation of the DAC, the temperature of the crystal can significantly change, which can significantly affect the parameters of the built-in IOH and significantly reduce the accuracy of the system as a whole. Such a change in temperature is especially pronounced on the stream output at high voltage life (as it can become up to 40 V) and a small support of the voltage, shards in the microcircuit, the output transistor converts the "voltage-strum". With a small capacity of the DAC, it is of little importance, but for 16-bit systems, transferring the reference voltage between the main crystal can significantly increase the exact characteristics.

Another option described by IC can be used to communicate with a high-speed microcontroller (up to 10 MHz) serial SPI/QSPI/Microwire-interface, moreover, a series of microcircuits (Daisy Chaining) can be included. Є output FAULT, which becomes active with a short flicker of the output of the voltage, or the blast loop is cut off. Information about the emergency exit station is also available behind the last interface. The output stages of the microcircuit can be configured programmatically, or for additional special inputs, as they are connected to the ground or with a voltage supply (+5 V nom.).

Chip MAX5661 also has two inputs for asynchronous keruvannya. One of them - CLR - allows you to either reset the DAC, or take advantage of the set value (displayed by software). The second - LDAC - allows you to capture the value of the input data register. Having offended you, you can be victorious for a one-hour asynchronous keruvannya of a kіlkom with microcircuits.

Visnovok

Analog transmission of information still retained its popularity among the traditionally conservative industrial society. It is confirmed that microcircuit manufacturers continue to promote new integrated solutions for their implementation.

Otrimannya technical information, zamovlennya zrazkiv, postachannya
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Lecture 6. Interface and display adapters

Display interface.

Display adapters.

Video system options.

Literature: 1. Guk. M. Hardware for IBM PC. Peter, 2005, p. 510-545.

1. Display interface.

1.1. Zagalna characteristic display interface.

У традиційній техніці кольорового телевізійного мовлення (PAL, SECAM або NTSC) відеосигнал безпосередньо несе інформацію про миттєве значення яскравості f н, а колірна інформація передається в модульованому вигляді на додаткових частотах f д. Таким чином забезпечується сумісність чорно-білого приймача, що ігнорує колірну інформацію , with a color channel that transmits.

f d1 = 4.43 MHz f n = 4.5 MHz f d2 = 4.6 MHz

However, for the display of graphic information from high-rise buildings, traditional modern systems are not suitable, shards of stench may be limited by the bandwidth of color channels (which is at least 35 MHz, not available). For monitors at allowed to the high it is possible to select only a direct signal to the input of the videoopidsiluvachiv of the basic colors. RGB-Enter (Red Green Blue - red, green and blue).

The interface between a video adapter and a monitor can be discrete (with TTL signals) or analog. In the course of evolution, a discrete interface for monochrome and first color monitors CGAі EGA replacing the popular analog interface VGA, which ensures the transmission of a large number of colors. However, the transmission quality of the analog signal has ceased to be satisfied with the consumption, which is growing (with the increase in frequencies of the increase and permission), and a new digital interface has appeared DVI. For flat-panel displays with their own matrix organization and a remarkably large inertia in the middle, the digital interface (Flat Panel Monitor Interface, albeit not DVI) specializes.

Modern adapters have the ability to connect a standard TV through a special signal converter. For the TV interface, it is possible to secure synchronization with the external TV system (converter), which is important for the confusion of the computer video signal from the external TV screens.

1.2. Discrete interface rgb ttl

First monitors for PC small discrete interface with TTL-equals RGB TTL. For a monochrome monitor, only two signals were victorious - video (turn on / turn off promin) and increased brightness. In this order, the monitor could instantly display three gradations of clarity: if 2 2 - 4, a dark pixel and a dark one with an increased brightness of indistinctness.

On/Off Monitor

In color monitors class CD { color display) there was one signal each to turn on the skin exchange and a wild signal of increased radiance. In this order, you could ask 42 = 16 colors.

G Monitor

Offensive class - color display ECD (Enhanced color display) maw discrete interface from two signals to skin base color. Signals allowed to set one of several gradations of intensity; the total number of coded colors reached (2 2) 3 = 2 6 = 64.

2 - two signals per channel;

3 - three channels.

The signals RED, GREEN, BLUE and Red, Green, Blue indicate the older and younger boys of the basic colors.

G,g Monitor

Ryadkova that frame synchronization of the monitor is controlled by H.Sync and V.Sync signals. (Horizontal, Vertical sync)

The VGA RGB Analog interface with analog signal transmission in the brightness of basic colors allows the transmission of 2 24 @ 16.7 million colors. To change the crossover codes, the signals are transmitted via vitim param, from the power of the return lines (Return). To use the cable, the skin signal pair to the monitor is wound with a resistor. The black color of the pixel on the monitor shows a zero potential on the lines of all colors, the total brightness of the skin color is given equal to 0.7 or 1 V (optional). Synchronization signals, keruvannya, will be transmitted by TTL equals. Timing diagrams for the VGA RGB Analog interface are shown in fig. 2.46.

Rice. 2.46 Timing diagrams for the RGB Analog interface:

a - a small rosacea; b - code ridge; in - zagalny picture

On fig. 2.46 RGB signals are displayed intelligently: images of the hour intervals, in which signals the screen dot is illuminated, the input RGB primus lines flicker with a special voltage. The values ​​of hour intervals, b, c, d, e, f, g, h are determined by the video system mode. The VESA DMT (Discrete Monitor Timing 1994-1998) standard defines a discrete set of options for the video mode. The larger standard VESA GTF (Generalized Timing Formula Standard) defines formulas for specifying all parameters in synchronization in the latency in terms of the screen format in pixels, the need for additional visible framing (Overscan Borders), the type of increase (row or through), frame rate.

The VGA and SVGA video adapters have a small-sized 15-pin DB15 socket. Red, Green, Blue, Red Return, Green Return, Blue Return, HSync, VSync, GND and IDO ID3 signals, or VESA DDC signals: SDA, SCL.

Significantly, on Macintosh computers for connecting a monitor, the DB15 rose is also installed, on the monitor, a part of the DB15P is installed and recognized as contacts otherwise.

Crimean signals in the brightness of the basic colors and synchronization over the interface are also transmitted the data necessary for automating the adjustment of the parameters of that mode of the monitor and the computer. The computer's interests are represented by a video adapter. For this purpose, monitor identification is also provided, which is necessary for PnP support, and monitor power management.

For the simplest identification of the monitor in the interface, a couple of logical IDO-ID3 signals were introduced into the interface, by which the video adapter could determine the type of the connected IBM-sum monitor. Proteo іz tsikh sanovyv vikoristovavsya only the ID1 signal, which was the fact of connecting a monochrome monitor. In principle, a monochrome monitor can be recognized by a video adapter for the frequency of navigation on the Red and Blue lines.

To that, in parallel, the identification of the monitors was replaced by the last channel of the VESA DDC (Display Data Channel) digital interface. This channel of inducements on interfaces I 2 C (DDC 2B) or ACCESS.BUS (DDC 2AB), as it means only two TTL signals - SCL and SDA. Monitor identification parameters are transmitted on DDC channels.

Data about the identification parameters of the monitor are stored in an independent memory in the monitor. The structure of the parameter block for extended display identification EDID (Extended Display Identification Data) is the same for any implementation of DDC: header (indicator of the EDID stream); virobu identifier (assigned by the virobnik); EDID version; main parameters and display capability; set sync parameters; descriptors of synchronization parameters; expansion ensign; control amount.