The formula for the calculation of the parallel circuit of capacitors. Methods for connecting capacitors to an electric lance. Parallel meeting: schemes, rules
Capacitors, like resistors, can be connected in series and in parallel. Let's take a look at the design of capacitors: now the skin of these circuits, and that bag's characteristics, will be inspected.
This scheme is the widest. In it, the capacitor plates are connected among themselves, establishing an equivalent capacity, equal to the sum of the capacities that are connected.
With a parallel connection of electrical capacitors, it is necessary that the whiskers of the same polarity are connected together.
The peculiarity of such a meeting is the same voltage on all capacitors that are connected.. Nominal voltage of the group parallel to the connected capacitors to the working voltage of the capacitor group, which has a minimum.
Strumi through the condensers of the group flow differently: through the condenser with a larger capacity, a larger stream will flow.
In practice, in parallel, it is necessary to zastosovuetsya for the removal of the required amount of capacity, if it goes beyond the range, then the industry is allowed, otherwise the standard range of capacities does not fit. In the systems of regulation of the coefficient of tension (cos?) automatic connection or the inclusion of capacitors in parallel.
During the last closing, the condenser linings are connected one to one, making a lance. The extreme linings are connected to the dzherel, and the strum on all capacitors of the group will leak.
The equivalent capacity of the consecutively connected capacitors is surrounded by the smallest group capacity. It is explained to us that as soon as I get charged, the strum squat. It is possible to increase the total capacity of two successively connected capacitors using the formula
Ale zastosuvannya poslіdovnogo z'єdnannya for otrimannya non-standard denominations of capacities not much wider, like parallel.
During the last connection, the voltage of the living energy is divided between the capacitors of the group. Tse allow otrimati capacitor bank, charged for higher voltage, lower rated voltage of the components that enter before it. So, from cheap and small capacitors, blocks are made, which vibrate a high voltage.
One more area of zastosuvannya posledovnogo z'єdnannya kondensіnіv po'yazan z rezpodіl naprugi between them. Even though the capacity is the same, the voltage is diluted navpil, even if it is not - on the capacitors of a larger capacity, the voltage is greater. Attachment, which works on this principle, name єmnіsnym dilnik voltage.
Condenser assembly change
Such schemes are used, but at outbuildings special recognition, which requires high accuracy of capacitance, as well as its precise adjustment.
To reach the required capacity, or at a voltage that exceeds the rated voltage, the capacitors can be connected in series or in parallel. Be-yake skladne z'єdnannya is folded z dekіlkoh combinations of consecutive and parallel z'єdnan.
During the last connection, the capacitors are connected in such a way that only the first and last capacitors are connected to the EPC/Strum port of one of its plates. The charge of the same on all the plates, but the outer ones are charged from the dzherel, and the inner ones are settled only for the bottom of the charge, which previously neutralized one of the one. At the same time, the charge of the capacitors in the battery is less, lower, like a leather capacitor, the capacitor is connected normally. Also, the capacitance of the capacitor battery is smaller.
The voltage on the given division of the lansy is spivv_dnosyasya such a rank:
Knowing that the voltage of a capacitor can be detected through the charge and its capacitance, we can write:
Shortened viraz to Q, we take the known formula:
Equivalent values of the capacitor bank in series:
With parallel connection of capacitors, the voltage on the plates is the same, and the charges are different.
The value of the total charge removed by the capacitors is equal to the sum of the charges of all parallel connected capacitors. For one battery with two capacitors:
Oskіlki capacitor charge
And the voltage on the skin capacitor is equal, it is necessary to take the offensive virase for the equivalent capacity of two capacitors connected in parallel
butt 1
What is the resulting capacitance of 4 capacitors connected in series and in parallel, so that C 1 \u003d 10 μF, C 2 \u003d 2 μF, C 3 \u003d 5 μF, and C 4 \u003d 1 μF?
With the last call, the final charge is more expensive:
With a parallel connection, the total capacity is more expensive:
butt 2
Calculate the resulting capacitance of a group of capacitors connected in series-parallel, as it turns out, 1 = 7 microfarads, 2 = 2 microfarads, 3 = 1 microfarads.
On the last days, there are fluctuations in the wind, if there are two or more elements, the lancet may look like a lancer, with which the skin of them will fall with less in one point. Should the capacitors be placed like this? How is it right to rob? What do you need to know? What features of the last condenser installation can be practical? What is the formula for the result?
What do you need to know for the right decision?
Unfortunately, not everything is so easy here, as you can get away. It’s a lot of newbies to think that it’s written on a schematic little thing that a necessary element is 49 microfarads, just take it and install it (or replace it with equal value). Ale, the necessary parameters should be easily found in a professional master. And what work, if there are no necessary elements? It is acceptable that this is the situation: a capacitor is needed for 100 microfarads, and a few pieces for 47. You can not put it in. Їhati on radiorinok behind one condenser? Not ob'yazkovo. Finish a couple of elements. There are two main ways: the last and parallel connection of capacitors. Let's talk about the first axis. But if you talk about the last connection of the coil and the condenser, then there are no special problems here.
Why so robbing?
If such manipulations are carried out with them, then the electric charges on the plates of the okremikh elements will be restored: KE=K 1 =K 2 =K 3 . KE - terminal capacitance, K - value of the capacitor that is passed through. Why so? If the charge is necessary to be found on the outer lining, on the inner lining there may be changes in the value of the element, which is the value of the element with the smallest parameters. So, if you take a capacitor of 3 microfarads, and if you add a new one to 1 microfarad, then the final result will be 1 microfarad. Obviously, on the first one, you can predict the value of 3 microfarads. But the other element cannot be missed, and everything that is greater than the necessary value, filling the great capacity on the cob capacitor. Let's take a look at what needs to be opened, if there is a subsequent order of capacitors. Formula:
- OE - hot capacity;
- N - voltage;
- KE - kіntseva єmnіst.
What else do you need to know in order to connect the capacitors correctly?
For the cob, do not forget that the cream of the stink can still have a nominal voltage. Why? If zdіysnyuєtsya poslіdovne z'єєdnannya, then the voltage rozpodіlyaєsya wrapped in proportion to their capacities between them themselves. Therefore, vikoristovuvat such a pidkhіd maє sens less in vipadki, if any capacitor can give the minimum necessary parameters of the robot. If the elements are victorious, if they have the same capacity, then the tension between them will be divided equally. There is also little protection for electrical capacitors: when working with them, always carefully control their polarity. Bo at іgnoruvannі tsgogo factor poslіdovnі z'єєєdnannya kondensіnіv mozhe give іnо nіzhnannykh efektіv. I’m good, so that everything will become less dense, we’ll break through these elements. Keep in mind that capacitors accumulate strum, and if this is not the case, there may be a precedent in the fallow circuit, as a result of which other warehouse circuits will appear.
Strum at the last call
Through those who have only one possible way protіkannya, vіn matime one value for all capacitors. With any amount of accumulated charge, the difference may be the same. Vіd єmnostі tse deposit. Look at the scheme of the last connection of capacitors. The right lining of the first z'ednana with the left of the other and so on. There are more than 1 element to wink, some of them will be isolated from the cast-iron lance. In this way, the effective area of the plates becomes smaller and more equal to the parameters of the smallest capacitor. What physical manifestation is the basis of what process? On the right, in which the capacitor is reminiscent of electric charge, vin stop passing strum. I same wines cannot run through the whole lanjug. Other capacitors cannot be charged in such a state.
Tension drop and hot capacitance
Leather element giblet rose pressure. Vrahovyuchi, what is the responsibility of you turned out to be proportional, then the lesser the lesser, the greater will be the fall. As it was already guessed earlier, successively connected capacitors may still have the same electric charge. Therefore, when all the virazivs are spread on the scorching significance, you can take equal, as if you will show all the power. For this last one, that parallel connection of capacitors is strongly disturbed.
Butt #1
Let's speed up by presenting the stats with formulas and raising a sprinkling of practical tasks. Otzhe, we have three capacitors. Set the capacitance: C1 = 25 uF, C2 = 30 uF and C3 = 20 uF. The stench of the day is consecutive. It is necessary to know their deep capacity. Vikoristovuєmo vіdpovіdne іvnyannya 1/С: 1/С1+1/С2+1/С3=1/25+1/30+1/20=37/300. It is translated into microfarads, and the total capacitance of the capacitor at the last closing (and the group in to this particular type it is important as one element) to become approximately 8.11 uF.
Butt #2
Come on, let's fix it right, we'll see one more task. Є 100 capacitors. The density of the skin element becomes 2 μF. It is necessary to designate a large capacity. It is necessary to multiply their quantity by the characteristic: 100 * 2 = 200 microfarads. Also, the capacitance of the capacitor during the last connection should be 200 microfarads. Like bachite, nothing folding.
Visnovok
Later, we corrected the theoretical aspects, analyzed the formulas and features of the correct half of the capacitors (successively) and wrote the sprat of the day. I would like to guess, so that the readers did not call for the injection of the nominal voltage. It is also bazhany, so the elements of the same type were selected (micaceous, ceramic, metal-worked, plіvkovі). The same last run of condensers can give us the most significant effect.
1 mF = 0.001 F. 1 µF = 0.000001 = 10⁻⁶ F. 1 nF = 0.000000001 = 10⁻⁹ F. 1 pF = 0.0000000000001 = 10⁻
Vіdpovіdno to another Kirchhoff's rule, voltage drop V₁, V₂ and V₃ on cutaneous condensers in a group of 3 consecutive condensers in a wild type of difference and a hot difference in potentials V dorivnyuє їх sumі:
For the designation of the capacity and for the improvement of the fact that the charge Q groups of sequentially connected capacitors are the main ones for all capacitors, equivalent capacitance C eq of all three capacitors, taken sequentially, is
For a group n consecutively connected capacitors equivalent capacitance C eq additional values, total sum of values wrapped around the capacities of four capacitors:
Qia formula for C eq and vykoristovuetsya for rozrahunkіv at tsomu calculatorі. For example, the total capacitance of three consecutively connected capacitors is 10, 15 and 20 microfarads more than 4.62 microfarads:
If there are more than two capacitors, then their total capacity is dependent on the formula
What a mess n seperately condensers with capacity C, it is equivalent to the previous
It is significant that for the rozrahunka of the scorching capacity of the kilkoh zadnanih successively capacitors, the same formula is used, that for the rozrakhunka of the zagalny support in parallel with the zadnanih resistors.
It is also significant that the total capacity of the group, whether or not the number of successively connected capacitors, will be smaller, lower the capacity of the smallest capacitor, and adding capacitors to the group will always be reduced to a change in capacity.
Okremoi riddle merit for the voltage drop on the skin condenser in the group of sequentially connected condensers. Since all the capacitors in the group can have the same nominal capacity, the voltage drop on them, more importantly, we will understand that the capacitors in reality will be the mother of a different capacity and a different current flow. On the condenser with the least capacity, there will be the greatest voltage drop and, in such a rank, the fault will be the weakest line of the lance.
To remove a larger equal voltage, turn on the resistors in parallel with the capacitors, which should be checked. Qi resistors work as voltage dilators, which change the voltage jump on four capacitors. Alternately, with resistors, everything is the same for the last inclusion, next, choose capacitors with a large margin for operating voltage.
How many capacitors join in parallel, potential difference V on a group of capacitors with a good range of potentials for successful wires in the group. fire charge Q are divided between capacitors and if there are different capacities, then charge on the same capacitors Q₁, Q₂ and Q₃ they will be different. The glowing charge is shown as
Whether it's electronics, you can get out of tune in the booth. However, once again, it’s not varto in the service - the simplest thing you can do is to predict and help to wind the radioamator-pochatkіvets. For example, a capacitor that burns can be seen with an indefatigable eye. Ale, how buti, as if by hand there are no details of the same denomination? Of course, the bills are 2 and more for the Lanciugs. Today we’ll talk about such an understanding, as a parallel to that last closing of condensers, let’s figure it out, like yoga vikonati, we know about the methods of closing, the rules of yoga vikonannya.
Read the article:
There is no capacitor of the required nominal value: what is the work
Even more often home masters-pochatkіvtsі, having revealed the breakage of the attachment, try to independently reveal the cause. When the detail that burned out, the stench tries to find a similar one, but if you don’t dare, carry the attachment for repair. It's not really obov'yazkovo, sob the show-offs ran. You can beat the capacitors of a lower rating by plugging into the lance. Golovne - zrobititse correctly. When tsimu reaches a vіdrazu 3 qіlі - the breakdown is sunk, nabutiy dosvіd, the cost of the family budget is protected.
Let's try to find out how to find ways to install and how to manage the subsequent and parallel installation of capacitors.
Z'ednannya capacitors at the battery: ways to vikonannya
Use 3 ways to get started, skin for some reason your own method:
- Parallel- Vikonuetsya in times of need to increase the capacity, depleting the voltage on the colossal level.
- Last- Convulsive effect. The voltage increases, the capacity changes.
- Zmishane- Zbіshuєtsya єmnіst, so і napruga.
Now let's look at the skin from the methods of the report.
Parallel meeting: schemes, rules
Really, everything is easy to do. With a parallel connection, the expansion of the heating capacity can be determined by the way of the simplest folding of all capacitors. The subsum formula looks like this: З zag \u003d С₁ + С₂ + С₃ + ... + С n . In each case, the voltage of the skin elements will remain unchanged: V zag = V₁ = V₂ = V₃ = ... = V n .
Z'ednannya with such a connected matima looks like this:
It appears that a similar installation can be carried out on the connection of all capacitor plates to the points of life. Such a way is most common. But there may be a situation, if it is important to increase the voltage. Let's figure it out, like a robiti.
Last match: a way to score more
With the alternative method of sequential connection of capacitors, the voltage of the lance increases. It is folded from the voltage of all elements and looks like this: V zag = V₁ + V₂ + V₃ +…+ V n . With this, the capacity changes in the return proportion: 1/С zag = 1/С₁ + 1/С₂ + 1/С₃ + … + 1/С n . Let's look at the change in capacitance and voltage during the sequential inclusion on the butt.
Given: 3 capacitors with a voltage of 150 V and a capacity of 300 microfarads. Connecting them sequentially, we take:
- voltage: 150 + 150 + 150 = 450 V;
- capacity: 1/300 + 1/300 + 1/300 = 1/C = 299 microfarads.
The names of similarly connected plates (plates) look like this:
It’s the same way in that fall, because it’s not safe for the breakdown of the capacitor’s dielectric at the hour of supplying the voltage to the lance. And there is one more method of installation.
Korisno know! Zastosovuyt also after that parallel connection of resistors and capacitors. To fight with the method of lowering the voltage that is applied to the capacitor, and turn off the breakdown. Prote sled vrakhovuvati, scho voltages can be enough to work and the tool itself.
Condensation of capacitors: scheme, reasons for the need
Such a connection (which is also called sequential-parallel) zastosovuyut at the time of the need to increase both the capacity and the voltage. Here is the calculation global parameters trohi folded, but not the flooring, so that it was not possible for the radioamator-pochatkivtsy to be bred. We wonder a little, how we see such a scheme.
Let's calculate the algorithm.
- the whole scheme needs to be divided into parts, calculate the parameters of them simply;
- denominated;
- calculable zagalnі pokazniki, as from the last included.
Looking at such an algorithm in such a rank:
The difference between the switching on of capacitors in the lancers is matched with the last one or the parallel one
Zmіshane zadnannya kondensatorіv vyrіshuє zavdannya, yakі not pіd force parallel and subsequent circuits. You can beat it with the connection of electric motors or other equipment, and you can install it with the help of a caravan. The installation of yogo is richly simpler than the lightness of the possibility of vikonnannya with small parts.
Tsіkavo know! A lot of radioamators vvazhayut tsey way more simple and acceptable, lower two in front. In fact, it is so, so that I can understand the algorithm correctly and learn how to correct it correctly.
Zmіshane, parallel to that last day of capacitors: what should be respected during this vikonnі
By using capacitors, especially electrical ones, you need to respect the balance of polarity. At the same time, the connection may be “minus / minus”, and later - “plus / minus”. All elements are made of the same type - plywood, ceramic, mica or metal.
Korisno know! Departure from the fret of condensers is often due to the fault of the brewer in order to save on details (more often than not, use Chinese brewing). That is why it is right to secure that selection from the scheme of the elements to practice more richly. Obviously, for the sake of mindfulness, the zamikannya in the lance, for any robot, capacitors are impossible in principle.
Calculator for the cost of the capacity for the last connection of capacitors
And why work, what is the need for an unknown house? It’s not for the skin that you want to independently protect the necessary capacity of the capacitors manually, but if you don’t have time to do it. For the sake of clarity, such editorial staff, the site will propagate to our shady reader to speed up the cost of capacitors with an online calculator at the last check or calculation of the capacity. Robotic veins are supra-simple. Koristuvachevi need to enter the required data next to the field, after which press the button "Open". Programs that have all the algorithms and formulas for the last calculation of capacitors, and calculate the required capacity, instantly see the required result.
