Section 4 Virtual machines Parallels Workstation Parallels (also known as Parallels Software International Inc.) may be a newcomer to the market of software tools for creating virtual machines. Let me tell you that, for example, the 2005 beta release is without another version of the Parallels package

What labels do you need? A special type of files is shortcuts. The shortcut only points to any file or folder located in another location. About those that the file is indicated by a small arrow on its icon. Labels can be placed manually on the work table. Double click on

What do optimizers need? Described in the previous sections, the scheme covers almost all processes of creation and completion of the portal, from the formation of the semantic core to the placement of finished texts. Under what circumstances, we practically had no work for

Finally, you ask, why do you need this kind of software product? Now let’s try to get connected to it, and also start installing and configuring virtual machines using additional programs VirtualBox.

What is a virtual machine and what do you need?

Virtual machine (Virtual Machine) is a program that uses computer hardware, that is. This is a virtual computer on which you can install an operating system and all associated security programs, in which there will be no daily changes to your main operating system.

But why do we need the virtual machine itself? I especially know that there are two, but even more significant reasons:

• Everyone would like to know what other operating systems look like: Linux, Solaris, and simply other versions of Windows. But you don’t want to remove your system because you won’t be able to use the new OS and will have to reinstall it again. It is also designed as a virtual machine, so you can easily install other operating systems into it, and, of course, use them without reinstalling your system.
• Is it suitable for those who have already learned the basics of a computer and want to know more, for example, how to set up a computer network? As you set up various server services and so on, the same virtual machine will come to your aid, with the help of which you can install several operating systems (and different ones!) and continue monitoring without harming your operating system. This wonderfully helps in mastering computer technologies, since the virtual machine helps you practice, since, of course, you have a few computers at home (3-4), then this is a different idea.

Now let's move on to the virtual machines themselves. For home vikoristanny I give preference VirtualBox Well, of course, there are a lot of programs like: Virtual PC or products from VMware, which, by the way, are suitable for use on robots ( those who work as system administrators), for example, to create several servers on one computer, you will thereby save a lot of money on your computer. VirtualBox is free of charge and available for download on the official website virtualbox.org

Installation and configuration of a virtual machine with VirtualBox

Now let's move on to installing and setting up VirtualBox. The installation of the program itself is absolutely standard and you can install it without problems, so I will not describe this process.

Once you have installed the program, you can launch it immediately.

In the "Name" field, enter the name of your OS, for example, Linux Ubuntu, and in the "OS TYPE" field, select the operating system you are installing ( For example, I have a Linux version of Ubuntu) for additional drop-down list and click “ Dali" For the coming century ( the little one is shorter) it is necessary to indicate how much RAM our new computer will have, then. In the virtual machine, you need to move the button to the green part, I recommend that you remove it, do not put it too much.

Select " Create a new hard disk", as with us, there is nothing left ( I respect the virtual) and put a tick “ Vandalized hard disk" It will be marked “Far” and the wizard will start to create a new virtual disk, and in this window it will be printed “ Dali" In the coming days, you will be asked to choose what your new hard drive will be like, “ Dynamically expanding", tobto. With the increased obligations, the data on the new size will increase or Fixed size", tobto. constant size, I recommend choosing Dynamically expanding" Tisnemo " Dali“It’s so easy to show up.

Here we indicate where to save the file of our virtual hard disk, I recommend saving it not on drive C, and here we also set the size of our disk, for example, by entering 8 gigabytes. Tisnemo " Dali", then we confirm the creation of a new hard drive and emboss " Ready" I have lost the confirmation of the creation of the virtual machine.

With you, we check our parameters for the created virtual machine and it’s ready.

Now you can start our virtual machine by pressing the button “ Start“And before you there is a clear selection of the wear that we need to be attracted to first, because at the moment we simply have nothing to be attracted to. Find out that you bought a new computer without an installed operating system and that from the very beginning you need to build it - install it, and for installation you need to insert a disk into the drive, but in our option you can use the disk image with the OS .

You can select the drive into which the OS disk is inserted, or you can click on select Image“Why can you be attracted, then. For example, ISO, I select an image and press the corresponding button, and as a result, you launch “ Virtual Nose Manager».

Click the Add button and select your image, after you have selected the image, click the “ Vibrati" And already in the field of your nose the name of your image appears, press “ Dali"Then you're ready. And find out about your image, then. OS installed. After installing the operating system, do not forget to unmount the disk image so that your OS is already removed from the hard drive. virtual hard disk. You can earn money by going to the setup of the virtual machine, and in the menu itself Nosii" Select from the window " Nose information your image in the field Drive supply Empty" This is the principle and everything I want to know about the VirtualBox virtual machine.

This is a short video instruction in which I tell you how to install the VirtualBox program on the Windows 10 operating system.

The rapid development of virtualization technologies has not only influenced the development of the IT infrastructure of large enterprises. The demands of desktop personal computers have reached such a level that one physical machine can support several simultaneously running operating systems in virtual machines. Even more unfortunately, virtual machines were considered exotic for the end-users, who installed them for obvious purposes. Nowadays, multi-core processors and large amounts of RAM on home or office computers are not uncommon, and this allows us to see new options for them depending on the context of virtualization technologies.

Many business owners know different applications for desktop virtualization platforms, both at home and at work. Even a virtual machine, compared to a physical one, has significantly greater flexibility and portability to another physical platform. In addition, over the past few years, the popularity of desktop virtualization platforms has grown increasingly in terms of functionality, ease of use, and speed code. The push for hardware virtualization in desktop systems has recently emerged, suggesting that wireline processor manufacturers such as Intel and AMD are relying on upcoming virtualization technologies on personal computers 'yuterah.

It’s insane that operating systems such as Windows Vista are so bulky and resource-hungry for hardware resources, and the wear and tear of the Korean desktops, no matter how high the stink may be, will not stand still for progress, and will continue to develop It is easy for desktop hardware platforms to make it possible to support a number of such systems at the same time , satisfied with the benefits of shvidkodia. Tim no less, many business owners respect that the stagnation of virtualization technologies in the office is not necessary and respect virtualization with another specific technology, so as not to be subject to a great influx on them. Much of this is due to the fact that the stink of stagnation of virtual machines does not exist.

In the business sector, virtualization technologies are being promoted mainly to support the virtual infrastructure of company servers, and even a small influx may be expected at the end users. This article will show that any personal computer owner can use virtualization technologies to increase the efficiency of their work on a personal computer at home, as well as for everyday tasks at work. істі.

How to use virtual machines at home

Most personal computer owners often face the problem of introducing potentially unsafe or unstable add-ons that can damage the operating system or interfere with the operation of other programs. Most often, a home computer, on which work documents are stored, is abused by many people, some of whom do not understand how to handle it correctly, so as not to damage important data or the operating system. Creating cloud records of the “User” type does not pose this problem, as long as administrative rights are necessary for installing rich programs, and working at the computer in this mode is completely separated by your vicistran. It’s crazy that many people also struggle with the problem of transferring the operating system and installing programs on another computer upon purchase. The category of clients who actively use laptops is faced with the problem of synchronizing data between them and a stationary computer. It is not only necessary to synchronize files, but also to use the same programs at work and at home. For wealthy people, the ability to operate work with different operating systems, which do not require high speed code, is also important. In this case, for example, when working in Linux, users need to upgrade to Windows add-ons, and for this they have to restart the computer. And the main problem when starting is the impossibility of modeling a real network between several computers for sure. All this without any other problems makes it possible to install virtual machines in desktop virtualization systems.

The main options for using virtual machines at home are:

• Creation of a personal virtual environment, isolated from the host system, which allows one computer to host several copies of working computers, completely isolated from each other. Unfortunately, this model includes the option of using virtual environments for 3D games; some virtualization platform vendors have not begun to fully support the emulation of all functions of video adapters. Previously, VMware has now included features experimentally supporting Direct-3D and shaders in the remaining versions of its desktop platform VMware Workstation. Not least, recently the PCI-SIG company, which is developing the PCI Express standard, published new specifications for the PCI Express 2.0 standard, which claim to support the I/O virtualization function, which will significantly simplify Allow guest systems access until physical entry. Of course, the time is not far off when we can play games on virtual machines.
• Creation of portable virtual machines, ready for deployment on any other crazy platform architecture. If you need to demonstrate a robot, be it any program, in which the operating system must be fine-tuned, virtual machines are the best option for this situation. Learn all the necessary steps from the virtual machine, burn it to DVD and there, where you need to show how everything works, install the virtualization platform and start the virtual machine.
• Retrieving careless koristuvachs for the Internet. When working on the Internet, which is prone to viruses and Trojan horses, launching an Internet browser in user-mode for many people is not a good solution from a security point of view. Even in software, including operating systems, there are no dangers, through which faulty software can damage important data. A virtual machine in this situation is a more advantageous option, since a weak program, after losing control over the operating system of the virtual machine, can cause problems only in the middle of it, without being stuck in the process OS. Before the end of the day, viruses began to appear that show their presence in a virtual machine and are not seen in any case, but so far there are only a few such bad programs, and in any case there will be no important data de, while infected about' The items will not be transferred to the host OS. Therefore, the storage of virtual machines in many cases includes the use of anti-virus software.
• Creation of environments for experimentation with potentially unsafe software. On a virtual machine, you can safely try the new registry cleaner or disk utility. You can also install application security software without any risk, so that you can damage the system or your data for the sake of great minds. And here the virtual machine plays the role of a “sandbox” in which your programs are played. You can calmly monitor their work and train them without worrying about saving your data.
• It’s easier and easier to make a backup copy of the koristuvach’s middleware. Basically, a virtual machine is just a folder with files on your computer that can be copied to a backup drive and then easily updated. For this type, you do not need to create images of your hard drive to create a backup copy of your system.
• The ability to start working with operating systems similar to your host. Of course, you can install another OS in parallel with your main system, but in times when you need some kind of additional system from the main system, you will have to re-install it. In this situation, a virtual machine is the ideal option: you launch the OS you need in parallel with the host one and switch between them as needed. In many systems, exchanging files between the guest and host systems of organizations is simple - dragging files and folders using the mouse pointer.

We have covered only the main options for using virtual machines at home, especially other, more specific areas of their coverage. Alternatively, other prospects for the use of desktop virtualization systems open up in business, where the most important thing, first of all, is accessibility and saving time and money spent on adding additional equipment.

Desktop platforms for virtualization in business

For most companies, when we talk about virtualization, this first means virtualization of the company’s server infrastructure. However, there is no solution based on virtual machines for end-of-line workers, which significantly increases the efficiency of work of the company's employees. Let's look at the main areas of deployment of virtual machines for businesses on virtualization platforms for desktop desktop computers:

• Creation of syntheses of typical patterns of workers and sharpening of koristuvachs. Due to the specifics of the work organization, specialists need to install a specific set of software. When a new employee joins the organization, he needs to install the operating system, fine-tune it, obviously, to establish security policies, and also install all the necessary application software. With the choice of virtual machine templates, this problem is solved even simply: a desktop virtualization platform is installed on the server, and a virtual machine with a set of organization templates is launched in it, in which everything is not installed A general security program has been developed for routine adjustment of the operating system. This model allows you to quickly speed up the hours spent on clearing your throat, and also ensures high flexibility when transferring the virtual desktop of your laptop to another physical machine. Surprisingly, this option is likely to benefit from the increased availability of hardware resources, which will more than pay for itself, since the security system has to handle large amounts of different data, which can be backed up for a significant period of time. For example, marketing specialists, who install some necessary programs, try everything and work with different documents every day. In this case, they can copy the folder with the files of their working virtual machine at the end of the working day, without being afraid that tomorrow, with the crappy program installed, everything will be “broken.”
• Creation of a virtual infrastructure for desktops, which allows you to centrally save your personal data on the company’s secure servers. The very end users use the tools for remote access to their desktops (for example, Terminal Services), which are stored in the corporate data center. This option for the deployment of virtual machines will require significant expenses for its implementation, which requires support for server platforms for virtualization of the company’s data center. However, this type will ensure the greatest level of security and availability. Since all work environments are stored and maintained centrally in a secure data center, the visibility of the flow of confidential information is significantly reduced. At this point, the level of availability of such devices is advancing very significantly, and access to them can be secured from any point with high-speed connections. Strictly speaking, there is no decision to go to desktop virtualization platforms, according to end users. An example of such a solution could be VMware Virtual Desktop Infrastructure, which is based on the virtual infrastructure of an organization’s servers in a corporate data center. The structure of such a model is shown on the little one:
  
• Refusal for virtual machines stolen by security policies. IT professionals who need to ensure the confidentiality of their personal data, as well as frequently demonstrate various software security to accountants, are well advised to find solutions for creating thefts of virtual machines that provide assistance separating access to different functions of the robot from the virtual machine. You can also set the terms of the virtual machine and thus extend the security program so that the program cannot interfere with the virtual machine beyond its permissions. An example of such a solution is the ACE Manager product from VMware.
• It has been simplified for developers to create basic classes from virtual machines, installing various operating systems and application software. If a group of specialists in an organization needs to learn about any product or program, you can create one virtual machine template and install a virtualization platform on each elementary-level computer. Then the virtual machine can be copied to all computers and launched with the necessary number of programs. If you need another product, you can create a new virtual machine template and run it on all elementary-class computers.
• Development and testing of software in the company. The virtual machine has an isolated core, ideal for developing software. Developers and testers can create the necessary configurations of operating systems and computer systems to simulate the behavior of programs on different platforms. As part of this option, it is also possible to model the working connections of virtual machines on the same physical platform, so that they interact with each other as much as possible. In addition, certain platforms, such as VMware Workstation, allow you to create a tree of virtual machines, each of which has the same configuration of the server. It is possible to reach the skin from such places with just one click of the mouse. An example of such a tree:
  

An up-to-date look at desktop virtualization platforms

Over the last two years, companies in the field of developing desktop virtualization platforms have worked hard to make them as simple as possible and to make them accessible to the right people. The leaders in the development of virtualization systems for end-to-end computers are currently the following companies: VMware with its VMware Workstation products, VMware ACE and VMware Fusion, Microsoft with its Virtual PC product, Parallels, which is promoting its virtualization platform for Mac OS from the Parallels Desktop for Mac product, and InnoTek company with a cost-free platform with open source code VirtualBox. Let's briefly look at the capabilities of some of these products.

VMware Workstation

VMware is currently the leading leader in desktop virtualization systems. These products are simple in origin, have a wide range of functional capabilities and contain high yield. All vendors of desktop virtualization platforms focus on the product. The process of creating a virtual machine and installing a guest operating system does not involve any special difficulties: once created, you need to indicate the amount of RAM that is used for the guest system, the type and size of the virtual disk, the folder where it will be located The files of the virtual machine that have been downloaded and the type of guest OS that is installed. As a distribution kit for the guest system, you can download a valuable CD, DVD, or ISO image. After installing the operating system in the virtual machine, it is imperative to install VMware Tools and enable all unnecessary devices that are installed in settings using the method of optimizing the speed code. . You can also create a snapshot of the clean state of the guest system, in which all data on virtual disks will be saved at that moment, and at any time you can return to the saved state. The key features of VMware Workstation include:

• Support for different types of virtual disks (controllers for both IDE and SCSI disks are supported):
  • fixed size (Preallocated) or to grow in the world of filling (Growing), in which the first are optimized for speed code, and the others are manual, so that they do not take up a lot of space before filling.
  • independent (Independent) disks, which do not transfer backup images to the operating system. Such disks are handy for organizing file storages; changing them is not necessary during the operation of the guest system.
  • Supporting disks that cannot be saved when the virtual machine is disabled
  • Possibility of direct recording to a physical disk
• Support for various types of networking between virtual machines, including the sharing of virtual machines with Teams, which allows the creation of virtual borders that are composed of virtual machines with a different number of virtual edge adapters (up to three). The virtual middle interface can be used in three different modes:
  • Bridged Networking- The virtual machine shares the resources of the edge card with the host operating system and operates from the previous one as a standalone machine.
  • Host-only Networking- The virtual machine assigns an IP address to the host submersion from the VMware DHCP server. Apparently, you can only work with other virtual machines on your host and on the OS of the host itself.
  • NAT- The virtual machine also operates on the host’s external network (otherwise), but through the VMware NAT server, it can initiate a connection to the external network. It is impossible to connect to such a virtual machine from an external perspective. Interaction between the host will be ensured.
  • Disks can also be mounted on the host system using additional utilities vmware-mount and expand for additional utilities vmware-vdiskmanager(This utility is used for monitoring low-level actions on virtual disks).
• The ability to easily exchange files using an additional Drag&Drop interface, as well as the creation of Shared Folders between the host and guest OS.
• Support for the great list of guest and host operating systems.

The remaining version of VMware Workstation 6 also includes the following basic functions:

• More support for the USB 2.0 interface
• ability to record virtual machine activity
• integration product VMware Converter (for Windows hosts) for importing virtual machines from other manufacturers
• launching a virtual machine as a service

It also means that the VMware Workstation product is currently a single virtualization platform that is experimentally supporting Direct-3D in guest operating systems. The main and perhaps the only downside of this platform is that it is costless.

Microsoft Virtual PC

Having emerged as a competitor to VMware Workstation, a product of the Connectix company, it was purchased by the Microsoft corporation immediately from the company, without taking away much of the development from its hands. As a result, at the moment it is practically possible to run all parameters on the VMware Workstation platform and can only run on the host Windows operating system. However, there are enough resources to stand as a desktop virtualization platform, so Virtual PC is cost-free and satisfies the basic needs of virtual machines. The installation process for a guest system is also very simple and intuitive. After the operating system is installed, it is necessary to install Virtual Machine Additions (analogous to VMware Tools in VMware Workstation), which essentially enhances the guest OS's operating system speed by improving virtualization technology. VM Additions can also be installed on guest Linux operating systems.

The main advantages of the Microsoft Virtual PC product include the following:

• Full support for Windows Vista as a host and guest operating system. Since the virtual PC 2007 has been updated with the same requirements as the previous version, the Windows Vista software in the virtual machine is now very good.
• Support for 64-bit Windows hosts.
• The speed code has been moved forward for the improvements introduced in Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2.
• Availability of different types of virtual disks:
  • Dynamically expanding (similar to Growing for VMware Workstation)
  • Fixed Size (analogous to Preallocated in VMware Workstation)
  • Differencing - a disk that saves changes in the flow of a virtual disk
  • Linked to a hard disk (analogous to direct writing to disk in VMware Workstation)
• Detection of various types of edge communication between virtual machines and the host:
  • analogue of Bridged Networking for VMware Workstation
  • Local only (analogous to Host-only for VMware Workstation)
  • Shared Networking (similar to NAT for VMware Workstation)

It should be noted that the Virtual PC product is now widely used by home developers, IT professionals and software vendors, such as VMware Workstation, offering significantly greater functionality that meets the needs of Stannikh. At the same time, Virtual PC is free and is mainly intended to simplify migration to new Microsoft operating systems and support older versions. And, of course, the popularity of the Virtual PC platform is due to its cost-free nature, which creates a niche for the marketed product.

Parallels Workstation and Parallels Desktop for Mac

The product is intended for use on Windows and Linux platforms as a desktop virtualization system. In connection with this, the Parallels company (which actually belongs to the Russian company SWSoft) focused mainly on the product, the development of which product at the moment has slowed down and for the functional capabilities it sacrifices two wires. Other platforms such as VMware and Microsoft. This is evident from the Parallels Desktop for Mac platform, which is the main platform for Apple computers. Before that, at the moment, at the moment, the rods of the Platform Dazhiychiy, Shi Podnoye, in Pershu Cherga, Tim, Shcho Kopannya VMware Maє Namir invaded the rinnice of the virtual, for macails by his own, we are practically preparing to the residual relais by the VMWARE FUSION product. Key features of the Parallels Desktop for Mac platform:

• Easily create virtual machines in just three minutes using the Parallels Installation Assistant. To create a virtual machine and install a guest operating system in it, you don’t need any advanced knowledge.
• Availability of the Parallels Transporter utility, which allows you to migrate from a physical machine to a virtual one.
• Full support for Windows Vista. This will ensure simple file exchange between the guest and host operating systems.
• Support for the USB 2.0 interface
• Support for Mac OS X "Leopard"

Like most products for the Mac OS X platform, Parallels Desktop provides a simple and user-friendly interface. It's no secret that many desktop Mac platforms often require complementary products for Windows, and Parallels Desktop gives them this flexibility, allowing them to feel “at the same time.”

You can also mention products from the Parallels company, such as Parallels Compressor Workstation and Parallels Compressor Server, which allow you to compress disks not only of Parallels virtual machines, but also of VMware, which is one of the most common problems that often arise with computers. vachiv.

VirtualBox

The InnoTek company has recently entered the market of desktop virtualization systems with compelling, cost-free solutions from a closed source code. At that moment, when it seemed difficult to launch a new virtualization platform, the InnoTek company achieved unexpected success and popular recognition.

Many bloggers loyal to VMware said that on their desktops, virtual machines on the platform perform much better than virtual machines on VMware Workstation. Until recently, the VirtualBox platform was only available for Linux and Windows hosts, and, finally, it appeared first for Mac OS X, where the platform is planned to compete with such “monsters” of virtualization systems, such as Parallels and VMware. And, madly, there is every chance of victory. Doctors are increasingly open to the platform and its cost-free nature, and enthusiasts are ready to take on further development of the platform and increase in functionality, obviously, without harm to its productivity. At the moment, VirtualBox does not have such wide functionality as wired platforms, it does not support 64-bit systems and interacts with Windows Vista, but on the site you can view operational information on which system functions it controls there is a robot. At the moment, the platform has the following main capabilities:

• Add a large list of host and guest operating systems that we support.
• Supporting the rich snapshots of the guest system's production line (snapshots).
• Disks that expand dynamically and have a fixed size.
• Possibility of installing Guest Additions (analogous to VMware Tools) to increase the level of integration with the host OS

Incredibly, in terms of functionality, VirtualBox is a great immature product, according to the data of its speed code, it is said that the platform may be in the future, and the full Open Source report of all was working until its thoroughness and development.

What should I choose as a desktop virtualization system?

Supposedly, we can say that most of the platforms described above occupy their niche in the sphere of stagnant virtualization technology on desktop computers. There are some benefits and shortcomings from virtualization systems. Of course, many of them add the necessary functionality that satisfies most of the needs of customers. I would also like to know that kits will be provided for converting virtual machine formats between platforms.

Of course, when it comes to desktop virtualization systems on Windows hosts, choose between the Microsoft Virtual PC or VirtualBox platforms, as there is no risk and there may be the necessary functionality to support virtual car booth. However, if we are talking about the stagnation of virtual machines in business, in the corporate environment, and the development of desktop virtualization systems is highly dependent on functionality and reliability, we cannot do without VMware Workstation, which completely surpasses other descriptions of the platform. Here you can also find your place and the VirtualBox product, which has the most optimizations for speed code.

Virtual PC should be used when ensuring support for older versions of Windows and running Windows Vista as a guest OS. And users of the Mac platform cannot do without the Parallels Desktop product: about this, we can say that the result of more than 100,000 sales of copies of the product was recorded back in 2006. Mac users are excited about the VMware Fusion platform, which will soon claim leadership in the field of desktop virtualization platforms.

Virtualization technologies for personal computers are becoming very close to the end-user computer and can be used both in everyday work of healthcare organizations and on home computers for creation of stolen or isolated personal assets. In addition, the use of virtual machines on desktops is not limited by the described options. For example, in a VMware virtual machine, in the console window mode of the guest operating system, you can display more separate objects that can be supported by the monitor, in which case the guest system window appears as dark scrolling It is permissible to protest a website or program at high resolutions due to the presence of a live monitor. This example shows that the options for choosing virtual machines on desktop computers are up to your imagination. And virtualization platforms are rapidly developing to help you meet your needs.