New mobile processors amd. Newest mobile processors. Premium processors for laptops from Intel

AMD, at a special call before CES 2018, released new mobile processors and announced floor chips with built-in graphics. And Radeon Technologies Group, a structural subsidiary of AMD, announced Vega mobile discrete graphics chips. The company also revealed plans to switch to new technical processes and promising architectures: Radeon Navi graphics and Zen + processors, Zen 2 and Zen 3.

New processors, chipset and cooling

First Ryzen decks with Vega graphics

Two Ryzen floor models with Vega graphics will be available for sale on February 12, 2018. The 2200G model goes up to the Ryzen 3 mid-segment processors, and the 2400G goes up to the Ryzen 5 mid-segment. In fact, the stench is changing the ultra-budget Ryzen 3 1200 and 1400 models.

The 2200G has 8 graphics blocks in total, while the 2400G has 3 more. The frequency of graphics cores 2200G reaches 1100 MHz, and 2400G - more by 150 MHz. Skin graphic block to replace your own 64 shaders.

The cores of both processors have the same code name that mobile processors have with built-in graphics - Raven Ridge (lit. Raven Mountain, mountain breed in Colorado). The stinks are plugged into the same AMD AM4 LGA socket, as well as all other Ryzen 3, 5 and 7 processors.

Conclusion: Sometimes AMD calls processors with built-in graphics not CPU (Central Processing Unit, English Central processing unit), and APU (Accelerated Processor Unit, English. accelerating processor attachments, otherwise apparently, a processor with a video processor).
AMD desktop processors with embedded graphics are marked with the letter G on the end, after the first letter of the word graphics ( English graphics). Mobile processors and AMD and Intel are marked with the letter U on the end, in the first letter of the ultrathin ( English ultra-thin) or ultra-low power ( English above low energy supply) obviously.
If you don’t mind thinking that the numbers of new Ryzen models start at 2, then the architecture of their cores goes up to another generation of Zen microarchitecture. This is not the case - this is the processor in the first generation.

New Ryzen mobiles with Vega graphics

The past fate AMD has already brought to the market the first mobile Ryzen under the code name Raven Ridge. All mobile Ryzen families are recognized for gaming laptops, ultrabooks, and hybrid tablet-notebooks. But there were only two such models, one by one in the middle and senior segments: Ryzen 5 2500U and Ryzen 7 2700U. The young segment was empty, but right at CES 2018, the company corrected it - two models reached the mobile family: Ryzen 3 2200U and Ryzen 3 2300U.

AMD Vice President Jim Anderson Demonstrates Ryzen's Mobile Homeland

The 2200U processor is the first dual-core CPU in the Ryzen system, while the 2300U is the standard 2300U processor, however, the stench is offended by some threads. With this, the base frequency for the 2200U cores is 2.5 GHz, and for the lower 2300U - 2 GHz. But with growing voltages, the frequency of both models rises to one indication - 3.4 GHz. At the same time, the pressure plate can reduce the cooling capacity of laptops, even if they need to increase energy consumption and think over the cooling system. Also, between chips, there is a difference in the cache: the 2200U has two cores in total, and the second one has less cache 1 and 2 equals.

There are 3 graphics blocks in 2200U, and the axis of 2300U is twice as many as there are processor cores. Ale, the difference in graphic frequencies is smaller: 1,000 MHz versus 1,100 MHz.

The first mobile Ryzen PRO

For another quarter of 2018, AMD planned to release mobile versions of Ryzen PRO, enterprise-level processors. The characteristics of mobile PROs are identical to those of the older versions, with a twist on the Ryzen 3 2200U, which did not take away the PRO-implementation. The details of the desktop and mobile Ryzen PROs are in the add-on hardware technologies.

Ryzen PRO processors - replicas of the original Ryzen, but with additional features

For example, for security purposes, TSME is used, hardware encryption of operational memory “on the fly” (Intel can only use software resource encryption SME). And for centralized maintenance by a fleet of machines, the DASH (Desktop and Mobile Architecture for System Hardware) standard is available - a support for yoga protocols is introduced into the processor.

Notebooks, ultrabooks and hybrid tablets-notebooks with Ryzen PRO are likely to attract companies and states that plan to purchase them for spivrobitniks.

New AMD 400-series chipsets

Another generation of Ryzen should have another generation of system logic: the 300th series of chipsets will be replaced by the 400th. The AMD X470 became the flagship of the series, and then we will see more simple and cheap sets of circuits, such as the B450. The new logic has improved everything that is worth the operational memory: it has reduced the access blockage, raised the upper frequency range, and added margin for overclocking. Also, in the 400th series, the throughput of USB increased and the processor's power supply improved, and at the same time - the second thermal output.

And the axis of the processor socket did not change. The floor socket AMD AM4 (and the second mobile version of AMD FP5) is a special advantage of the company. Another generation has such a rose itself, like in the first. Do not change the wines of the third and fifth generations. AMD has announced, in principle, not to change AM4 until 2020. And the motherboards of the 300th series (X370, B350, A320, X300 and A300) were made with new Ryzen - it's enough to update the BIOS. Moreover, the crime of direct summation, є і zvorotna: old processors work on new boards.

Gigabyte at CES 2018 has already shown a prototype of the first motherboard based on the new chipset - X470 Aorus Gaming 7 WiFi. These other payments on the X470 and the younger chipsets will appear at the end of 2018, at the same time with other generations of Ryzen on the Zen + architecture.

New cooling system

AMD also introduced a new AMD Wraith Prism cooler. If the front of Wraith Max is colored with a one-color red color, Wraith Prism is equipped with a ceramic plate with an RGB-lit motherboard around the perimeter of the fan. The blades of the cooler are made of translucent plastic and are also illuminated by millions of sights. Fans of RGB-switching can appreciate it, and haters can simply turn it on, wanting to lose the sensation of buying this model in such a time.

Wraith Prism - a new copy of Wraith Max

Other characteristics are identical to Wraith Max: heat pipes with direct contact, programmable airflow profiles in overclocking mode and practically noiseless operation by 39 dB over standard minds.

While there is no information about those Wraith Prism scalings will be fixed, which ones will be supplied with processors and if you can buy them.

New laptops on Ryzen

Cream of mobile processors, AMD also sells new laptops based on them. In 2017, mobile Ryzen models included the HP Envy x360, Lenovo Ideapad 720S and Acer Swift 3 models. In the first quarter of 2018, the Acer Nitro 5, Dell Inspiron 5000 and HP series will reach them. All stinks work on top mobile Ryzen 7 2700U and Ryzen 5 2500U.

The Acer Nitro family is gaming machines. The Nitro 5 line is equipped with 15.6-inch diagonal IPS displays and a 1920 × 1080 resolution. And some models will be equipped with a discrete graphics chip Radeon RX 560 with 16 graphics blocks in the middle.

The line of laptops Dell Inspiron 5000 features models with diagonal displays of 15.6 and 17 inches, equipped with hard disks or solid-state storage devices. Some models of the line also use a discrete video card Radeon 530 with 6 graphic blocks. It is worth adding a marvelous configuration, even navit in the integrated graphics of the Ryzen 5 2500U more graphics blocks - 8 pieces. But the advantage of a discrete card can be at higher clock frequencies and four chips of graphic memory (deputy section of operational memory).

Price cuts on all Ryzen processors

Plan for 2020 rock: Navi graphics, Zen 3 processors

2017 has become an absolute turning point for AMD. After some bugs, AMD has completed the development of the Zen core microarchitecture and released the first generation of CPUs: the Ryzen PC processor family, the Ryzen PRO and Ryzen Threadripper family, the Ryzen mobile family and Ryzen PRO, and the EPYC server family. At the same time, the Radeon group developed the Vega graphics architecture: Vega 64 and Vega 56 video cards were based on this basis, and, for example, the Vega core was integrated into the Ryzen mobile processor.

Likar Su, CEO of AMD, says the company will release 7nm processors early in 2020.

The novelties did not lessen the respect of the fans, but they also enchanted the respect of the greatest supporters and enthusiasts. Intel and NVIDIA had a chance to parry: Intel released six-core Coffee Lake processors, unplanned another “so” of the Skylake architecture, and NVIDIA expanded the 10th series of video cards based on the Pascal architecture to 12 models.

A bit about AMD's further plans were chosen throughout 2017. Dosi Lisa Su, CEO of AMD, only meant that the company plans to exceed the 7-8% rate of increase in productivity in the electronics industry. At the CES 2018 exhibition, the company showed a “road map” not just until the end of 2018, but even up to 2020. The basis of these plans is the reduction of chip architectures through the miniaturization of transistors: progressive transition from the lowest 14 nanometers to 7 nanometers and 12 nanometers.

12nm: another generation of Ryzen on Zen+

The 12 nanometer process is based on the Zen+ microarchitecture, another generation of the Ryzen brand. In fact, the new architecture is the same as the Zen extensions. The GlobalFoundries plant's technological manufacturing standard is translated from the 14nm 14LPP (Low Power Plus) to the 12nm 12LP (Low Power) standard. The new 12LP process is responsible for providing chips with a 10% increase in productivity.

Conclusion: A number of GlobalFoundries factories - a lot of AMD's workloads, seen in 2009 as a company that joined with other contractors. For the frequent market of contract manufacturing, GlobalFoundries share another space with UMC, signifi- cantly doing TSMC. Chip retailers - AMD, Qualcomm and others - claim to be able to manufacture both at GlobalFoundries and at other factories.

In addition to the new technical process, the Zen + architecture and chips on the basis of її otrimayut abbreviations technology AMD Precision Boost 2 (eng. Exact expansion) and AMD XFR 2 (Extended Frequency Range 2, eng. frequency range extensions). For mobile Ryzen processors, you can already know Precision Boost 2 and a special modification of XFR - Mobile Extended Frequency Range (mXFR).

Another generation has a family of Ryzen, Ryzen PRO and Ryzen Threadripper PC processors, but so far there is no news about the upgrade of the generation of the Ryzen and Ryzen PRO mobile family, and the server EPYC. Then, apparently, the old models of Ryzen processors from the very beginning have two modifications: with graphics integrated into the chip and without it. Ryzen 3 and Ryzen 5 midrange models will appear in both variants. And the high level of Ryzen 7 does not take away any graphical modifications. Above all, behind the architecture of the cores for these processors, the Pinnacle Ridge code is fixed (literally, the holy comb of fire, one of the peaks of the Wind River ridge in Wyoming).

Another generation of Ryzen 3, 5 and 7 will be sold later in April 2018 together with 400 series chipsets. And another generation of Ryzen PRO and Ryzen Threadripper will sleep until the other half of 2018.

7nm: 3rd generation Ryzen on Zen 2, Vega discrete graphics, Navi graphics core

In 2018, the Radeon group will release Vega discrete graphics for laptops, ultrabooks, and tablet-notebooks. AMD does not share any particular details: apparently, discrete chips can be derived from a compact HBM2-type memory (in the integrated graphics, operative memory is built). Okremo in Radeon shove that the height of the chip in the memory of the stock is only 1.7 mm.

Radeon kernel showing integrated and discrete Vega graphics

In addition, in 2018 Radeon transferred graphics chips to Vega architecture from the 14 nm LPP process technology to 7 nm LP, again rebuilding 12 nm. A little later, new graphics units will be delivered for the Radeon Instinct line. The whole family of server chips Radeon for heterogeneous calculations: machine learning and piece intelligence - will drink on them the security of the development of unmanned vehicles.

Early in 2018 or early in 2019, it’s easy to see the adoption of Radeon and AMD products on a 7-nanometer process technology: processors on the Zen 2 architecture and graphics on the Navi architecture. Until then, the design of Zen 2 has already been completed.

AMD partners already know about chips on Zen 2, as they create third-generation Ryzen motherboards and other components. AMD is gaining such a pace through those that the company has two teams, which “rebuild” one another, from the development of promising microarchitectures. Start the stench of parallel work on Zen and Zen +. If the bula is completed by Zen, the first team has moved to Zen 2, and if the bula is completed by Zen +, the other team has moved to Zen 3.

7 nanometers "plus": the fourth generation of Ryzen on Zen 3

While one AMD has overcome the problems of mass production of Zen 2, the other one has worked on the Zen 3 project on the technological standard, which is recognized as “7 nm +”. The company does not reveal the details, but for indirect credits it can be assumed that the technical process will be improved for the sake of the latest deep ultraviolet lithography (DUV, Deep Ultraviolet) and the new hard ultraviolet lithography (EUV, Extreme Ultraviolet)

GlobalFoundries has already installed a new feature for transitions up to 5 nm

Just in 2017, one of the GlobalFoundries factories purchased over 10 lithographic systems from the TWINSCAN NXE series from the Dutch ASML. With frequent zastosuvannyam tsgo obladnannya within the framework of the same technical process 7 nm go even more to reduce energy consumption and increase the productivity of chips. There are still no exact metrics - it will take another hour to create new lines and see them at a pleasant strain for mass production.

AMD will start organizing sales of 7nm+ chips and microprocessors based on Zen 3 microarchitecture until the end of 2020.

5 nanometers: where is that next generation of Ryzen on Zen 4?

So far, AMD has not made any official noise, but you can boldly speculate that the 5 nm process technology will become the next cordon for the company. Appraisals of chips on this standard have already been carried out by a successor alliance of IBM, Samsung and GlobalFoundries. Crystals on the technical process of 5 nm do not have a frequent, but a full-scale exposure to a hard ultraviolet lithography with an accuracy of more than 3 nm. This is the same retail building for the safe purchase of GlobalFoundries models of the TWINSCAN NXE:3300B lithographic system from the ASML company.

A ball of one molecule of molybdenum disulfide (0.65 nanometers) demonstrates a strum turn of a total of 25 femtoamperes / micrometer at a pressure of 0.5 volts.

However, the folding is more important for those who can change the shape of transistors on a 5 nm process. FinFET (transistors in the shape of a fin, in English fin), which have long been proven to themselves, can give up on the promising GAA FET (in the form of transistors with inverted gates, in English gate-all-around). For the benefit of that roaring of the mass production of such chips for more and more rokiv. The sector of slow electronics is unlikely to be devalued in 2021.

Further changes in technological norms are also possible. For example, back in 2003, Korean successors created FinFET at 3 nanometers. In 2008, a nanometer transistor was created on the basis of graphene (carbon nanotubes) at the University of Manchester. And the retired engineers of the Berkeley laboratory in 2016 saw a sub-nanometer scale: such transistors can freeze like graphene, and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). True, at the beginning of 2018, there was still no way to build a whole chip and lining with new materials.

Under the hour of the choice of the processor in the form of AMD zishtovhuєshsya without any unreasonable letters and numbers. What do stinks mean? How to subdue an average processor from a weak one? About tse you learn from our material.

Entry

There will not be reviewed processors until 2010 release date, as well as server solutions, chips on the AM1 platform, as well as the AMD Ontario line (currently not relevant), so the marking shown in this article may not be suitable for them.

The axis of the video, which will help you to understand, but it is still recommended to read the article, so that it will be reported more and will be updated in the future.

Architecture

At the moment, chips of the 4 remaining desktop architectures are presented on the market, and in the other half of 2016, it is planned to introduce a light new Zen architecture with a great productivity gain per cycle and a change to 14 nm, which, perhaps, will help to overtake Intel in the top segment.

Sockets

FM2, FM2+ and AM3+ are expected to reach the current platforms on the cob of 2016

Lines of processors

E - series

Budget cob processors are designed for laptops and netbooks.

E1 has 2 cores on board, and E2 has 4.

Belonging to the singing generation is indicated by the first digit:

• 7- Carrizo-L
• 6-Beema
• 2, 3 - Kabini

Chipіv tsієї serії dosit little and yakscho є need you can get acquainted with the models.

APU

AMD processors with a built-in graphics core (APU) are divided into lines:

• A4 - 2 cores
• A6 - 2 cores
• A8 - 4 cores
• A10 - 4 cores

A12-8800B is excluded from the nomenclature, but you can read about it.

Vіdpovіdno, vіd weak to taut, like in graphics, and in the processor part. Axis butt:

The first digit indicates the processor cores (generation).

In our mind, pointing to the number 7, we take the Kaveri kernels.

Warto means that the number 4 of the A4 series on the Richland architecture means a reduced frequency, which leads to a decrease in productivity.

850 - indicates the productivity of the middle of similar processors by frequency (more is more short)

• P - standard power supply for mobile processors (35 W)
• B - the value of Pro processors
• M - mobile processor (old designation)
• K - unlocked for overclocking
• T - reduced power supply (stationary PC)

Ts_kavo, scho іsnuyut A-processors, scho marked with the trademark FX. As a rule, the most expensive laptop processors of the company. The stench is also zbudovani on APU architecture.

Athlon

Now let's talk about Athlon. In fact, these are the processors, but with the inclusion of a video core for a lower price.

How butt is taken

• X4 - indicates 4 processor cores
• 8 - є kaveri cores (7 - Trinity)

Showing on the front models is not a big deal, so that the top-end Athlon X4 860K chip for this socket demonstrates the results of an average chip for the modern world, so it’s not for you to take these processors in 2016. As if you were in power, then when you upgrade, you will have to change the motherboard, which will cost you a penny and save money on your decision.

• 60 - just like that, as in the front view, I indicate the position of the processor in the line
• K - may also have a value

FX

Now let's talk about the latest AMD processors - the FX series. Qi chips have a great potential and an even more democratic price tag. The head nedolіk vyplyvaє іz dosit old architecture and technology virobnіstva - energy saving. Spivvіdnoshenija TDP - productivity strongly progruetsya Intel processors, and the axis price - productivity on a good level. The nomenclature shown below is not valid for the FX 9xxx - just 8xxx, but with a boosted clock speed. Chip axis, which we chose as a butt:

The first number indicates the number of nuclei, in times 8.

Another point to a generation

• 3 - Vishera cores
• 1, 2 - Zambezi cores

The other numbers indicate the frequency of the chip within the same family, but please note that it does not have a value. We would like you to take the youngest model in the line, because the older ones are the same, even from the factory overclocking. And how about overpaying for a factory divorce, like “stones” and getting married so kindly?

If you have lost your food, you can see the site, where you can find basic information.

In this article, no information was provided about more old chips, as well as about server solutions through old technologies (technical processes, architecture) in the first and specificity of zastosuvannya and road in others. We hope that our material helped you to be included in the nomenclature of AMD processors and help you to be selected.

At this article, a pairing of processors for laptops will be held for two leading manufacturers of electronics products - the companies "Intel" and AMD. The products of the first of them are equipped with a reduced processor part and may have a greater number of swedcodes. At its best, AMD solutions can boast of a more productive graphics subsystem.

Podіl on niches

The same Intel for laptops will most optimally be viconated for three niches:

• Budget-class processors (most stink available).
• The CPU is of average level, so you can have a high level of swedcode, and a pleasant energy efficiency.
• Chips with maximum productivity. For each type of code, autonomy and energy efficiency go to another plane.

Even though in the first two years AMD can give a good alternative to Intel, then the premium segments have long been left to the rest of the company. The only hope for this plan is on a new processor solution based on the Zen architecture, like AMD can give way to an offensive rock.

"Intel" products for cob row

Until recently, a niche in Intel was occupied by the products of the Atom line. But at the same time, the situation has changed and laptops of the cob level are now based on processors. The most modest products of this class include more than 2 cores, and the most advanced ones - 4. Relevant for the 3rd quarter of 2016 are the same models, as shown in Table 1.

Table 1 - Actual models of the CPU from "Intel" for mobile PCs of the cob line.

There is no such thing as cardinal differences between these CPU models. The stench is aimed at achieving the simplest tasks and may have a minimum level of productivity. So, in the case of this type of navigator solution, the strong side is the processor part, and the axis of the integrated graphic subsystem is rather weak. Another strong side of these products is their high level of energy efficiency and the autonomy has been improved for the same reason.

Solution of the average price of "Intel"

"Core i3" and "Core i5" are the middle class Intel processors for laptops. Possibility of their showings to those that the first family is closer to the decision of the cob row, and the other - for the first furnishing, can compete with the most productive chips of the company. Detailed specifications for the designated product family are listed in Table 2.

Table 2 - Intel processor parameters for mid-range laptops.

The characteristics of the CPU of this class are practically identical. The key feature is the improvement of energy saving in 7U54. As a result, the autonomy of each person will be the best. Otherwise, there are no differences between processors. The price for all chips of this family is the same - 281 dollars.

Premium processors for laptops from Intel

For laptops of the rest of the generation, I point out to those that up to the most productive solutions are the CPUs of the i7 family. Moreover, in the architectural plan, stinks are practically not disturbed by products of the middle class. Find video card models for yourself. The highest level of swedcode against middle-class processors is provided with higher clock frequencies and a larger size of volatile memory of the 3rd level. The main parameters of the chips of this family are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 - Main characteristics of i7 family CPU.

The difference between these products is determined by the fact that in another way the energy efficiency is reduced, but with this and swidcode it will be lower.

AMD processors for mobile PCs

For laptops, two leading manufacturers of these products point to those that Intel, as it was assigned earlier, has a shorter processor part, and AMD has an integrated graphics subsystem. As in the new laptop, the priority is to improve the video system, then it’s better to pay attention to the laptops of another virobnik. Specific models of chips and technical specifications are listed in Table 4.

Table 4 - Newest AMD processors for corn cob laptops.

The best quality chips can be practically identical technical parameters. The key difference here is more limited in the frequency range of that model of an integrated built-in pickle. The very vіdshtovkhyuyuchis vіd tsikh parametrіv, і need robiti vibrіr. If you need maximum autonomy, then choose the product with the lowest code. If autonomy comes to the fore, then you have to sacrifice for the sake of this dynamism.

AMD chips for organizing laptops in the middle class

FX-9XXXP and А1Х-9ХХХР - for laptops. The similarity of their characteristics with the products of cob cob equals those that in them already have 4 counting blocks against 2, which are in the products of cob cob. It is also possible for different countries to compete with discrete cob accelerators. However, the weak processor part is this factor for today, which significantly reduces the number of laptops based on these chips. That's why marveling in these days is possible only in that case, if for the minimum varost of a mobile computer you need the most swidcode graphic subsystem. The main specifications of this CPU family are shown in Table 5.

Table 5 - AMD CPU parameters for mid-range laptops.

The largest variety of processors for laptops in the segment of cob products. On the one hand, the solution of "Intel" in this way may have a lower variance and a reduced processor part. For its own sake, AMD promotes mobile PCs with a modified graphics subsystem. It is recommended to buy the same thing depending on the remaining parameter when choosing a Pavilion 15-AW006UR laptop of cob line, type HP. For other equal warehouses with competing solutions, the video card in this case has a large margin of productivity, and the processor does not overprogram the CPU like Intel. As a mid-range mobile PC, it is recommended to choose Aspire E5 - 774 - 50SY from Acer. The new one has an i5 - 7200U chip installed, which is less than a fraction of the flagship products. Those other technical specifications are on a favorable level for a mid-range laptop. The difference in processors for laptops in some of the most productive solutions pointed to those that are more likely to come to mobile computers based on i7 chips of the 7th generation. The most accessible, but if necessary, we equip with a laptop version є IdeaPad 510-15 IKB from Lenovo. The very yoga is recommended to buy when choosing the most productive mobile PC. At the same time, the price is entirely democratic, both for such a class of extensions, and also for the complete set.

Podbags

The difference in laptop processors between two leading manufacturers of chips today is clearly and clearly indicating those, which are the leading positions of the world's loan to the same products from Intel. AMD, for its own sake, is exactly the same as its direct competitor. The only segment of the market, where parity is still being saved - all mobile products of cobs, de AMD can offer an alternative. In all other cases, it is more correct to pick up laptops based on the CPU from Intel. The situation that has developed can radically change the appearance of processors based on the Zen architecture in 2017. Ale chi vdast tse robiti AMD - show the hour. At the same time, the most correct in the niches of mobile PCs of the middle class and the premium class is the rate on the solution for Intel. Although the price they have is little dependent, but the price of the swedcode is not enough to compensate.

Sergiy Pakhomov

The sale of laptops has long outdone the sales of desktop PCs, and today more home owners are focusing on laptops themselves. At the retail chain, there are impersonal different models of laptops on platforms like Intel and AMD. From one side, such prosperity is quiet, and from the other side, the problem of choice is blamed. As you can see, the productivity of a computer is rich in what is due to the fact that it is installed in a new processor; And as far as the designations of the mobile processors of the Intel company are more and more understood, then the axis of the AMD company is completely sloppy. Vlasne, the environment itself made us go so far as to build our travel guide with AMD mobile processors.

The model range of AMD processors for laptops is more diverse (div. table). However, if you talk about modern processors, if you can’t be sensitive, then you can look at only 45-nm processors of the Phenom II, Athlon II, Turion II, V-series, Sempron families with the upcoming core names: Champlain, Geneva and Caspian.

Processors codenamed Champlain were announced by the company recently in early 2010, and 45nm processors codenamed Caspian were announced in spring 2009.

The family of AMD mobile processors has both choti-core and three- and two-core models.

The skin of the processor core can cache the first level (L1) with a size of 128 KB, so it is subdivided into a two-channel 64-kilobyte data cache and a two-channel 64-kilobyte instruction cache. In addition, the skin core of the processor can see the L2 cache with a size of 512 KB or 1 MB.

And the keshpam'yatí axis of the third level (L3) of the AMD mobile processors has been added (to the control of its desktop counterparts).

All AMD mobile processors have AMD 64 technology implemented (64-bit calculation support). In addition, all AMD processors are equipped with MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3 and Extended 3DNow! instruction sets, Cool'n'Quiet power saving technologies, NX Bit virus protection and AMD Virtualization technology.

Also, let's take a look at the families of current AMD mobile processors in a report. We know, especially, from a look at the AMD Phenom II family of core processors.

AMD's family of mobile core processors is the 900-series of Phenom II processors.

All Phenom II 900 series processors can cache L2 with a size of 2 MB (512 KB per processor core) and integrate a DDR3 memory controller. In addition, all processors have 128-bit FPUs. The performance between the two core Phenom II 900-series processors depends on the clock frequency, power saving and boosting the memory. For its processors, AMD claims to achieve one more wondrous and, in our opinion, absolutely illogical characteristic - Maximum processor-to-system bandwidth (MAX CPU BW). Look at the total throughput of all buses between the processor and the system, or rather, about the total throughput of the HyperTransport (HT) bus and memory bus. For example, the processor uses DDR3-1333 memory, the memory bus throughput is set to 21.2 GB / s (in dual-channel mode). Given that the throughput of the HyperTransport (HT) bus is 3600 GT/s, which means a throughput of 14.4 GB/s, it is possible that the total throughput of the HyperTransport bus and storage bus is 35.7 GB/s. Obviously, it would be more logical to indicate in the specification of the processor the maximum frequency of the memory, so that the processor is supported, but that is, tobto. Knowing the throughput of the HyperTransport bus and such a parameter as MAX CPU BW, allows you to unambiguously determine the maximum memory frequency that the processor supports.

Again, let's turn to the family of core processors Phenom II 900-series. Take home the Phenom II X920 Black Edition (BE) with an unlocked multiplier. This processor can find the clock frequency (2.3 GHz) in the AMD family of core mobile processors and the highest power is 45 watts. The throughput of the HyperTransport bus is up to 3600 GT/s, and the value of the MAX CPU BW parameter is 35.7 GB/s. How easy it is to unravel, it means that when the DDR3 memory controller wakes up, it supports memory with a maximum frequency of 1333 MHz (in dual-channel mode).

Two more models of AMD's core mobile processors are Phenom II N930 and Phenom II P920. The Phenom II N930 is capable of 2 GHz and 35W power, while the Phenom II P920 is capable of 1.6GHz and 25W power. For both processor models, the HyperTransport bus throughput is set to 3600 GT/s, the Phenom II N930 processor supports DDR3-1333 memory, and the Phenom II P920 processor does not support DDR3-1066 memory.

The AMD family of tri-core mobile processors is the 800-series of Phenom II processors. Today, there are only two tri-core models of mobile processors: Phenom II N830 and Phenom II P820, equipped with a 1536 KB L2 cache (512 KB each per processor core) and an integrated DDR3 memory controller. The difference between these models is in the clock frequency, power saving and the maximum frequency of DDR3 memory support. Thus, the Phenom II N830 processor operates at a clock frequency of 2.1 GHz with a power supply of 35 W, and the maximum frequency of DDR3 memory supported by the processor becomes 1333 MHz. The Phenom II P820 processor operates at a clock frequency of 1.8 GHz for a power supply of 25 W and supports DDR3-1066 memory.

It is important to note that the marked AMD processors have the letter “P”, which means that the processor's power supply is set to 25 watts. The presence of the letter N indicates the power supply of the processor at 35 W, and the letter X - 45 W.

The family of dual-core Phenom II processors is the 600-series. This series currently has two models: Phenom II X620 BE and Phenom II N620. Use 2 MB L2 cache (1 MB per skin core) and HT bus throughput of 3600 GT/s. For this reason, this processor model supports DDR3-1333 memory (MAX CPU BW becomes 35.7 GB / s). The difference between processors is due to the fact that the Phenom II X620 BE model has an energy saving of 45 W, and a clock frequency of 3.1 GHz. In addition, this processor can unlock the multiplication factor. Phenom II N620 processor with 35W power supply and 2.8GHz clock speed.

Concluding the review of mobile processors of the Phenom II family, once again it is significant that before the new one enters chotiri, three dual-core processors with 128-bit FPU, the power supply of which can be 45, 35 or 25 watts. All processors can use the bandwidth of the HT 3600 GT / s bus and support DDR3 memory with a maximum frequency of 1333 or 1066 MHz. Expand the L2 cache in the number of processor cores and in the distribution on one processor core become 512 KB (for some tri-core models) or 1 MB (for dual-core models).

The upcoming family of 45-nm mobile processors on the Champlain core is the family of Turion II dual-core processors, which is represented by two models: Turion II N530 and Turion II P520. Qi processors work one type of one with more than one clock frequency and energy savings. The Turion II N530 has a clock speed of 2.5 GHz and a power supply of 35 W, while the Turion II P520 has a clock frequency of 2.3 GHz and a power supply of 25 W. For the most part, the characteristics of these processors vary. So, both models can have a 128-bit FPU, have a 2 MB L2 cache (1 MB per core), and set the HT bus throughput to 3600 GT/s. In addition, different processor models support DDR3-1066 memory. Significantly, the dual-core processors of the Turion II 500 series family, due to their characteristics, practically do not compare with the dual-core models of the Phenom II 600 series processors. Vіdminnostі polagayut less in the clock frequency and the maximum frequency of the memory, which is supported. Well, not too much, now, two models of processors need to be seen in terms of the Turion II family, and even they can be seen in the Phenom II family of dual-core processors.

The upcoming family of AMD dual-core mobile processors based on the Champlain core is the Athlon II family, which is also represented by two models: Athlon II N330 and Athlon II P320. The chi-axis of the processor is actually heavily affected by the dual-core Phenom II and Turion II processors. Nasampered, they have reduced the L2 cache to 1 MB (512 KB per core). In addition, processors can support 64-bit FPUs, and HT bus throughput is 3200 GT/s. In addition, processors support only DDR3-1066 memory. The characteristics between the Athlon II N330 and Athlon II P320 models themselves are related to the clock frequency and energy saving.

Single-core mobile processors based on the Champlain core are represented by the V-Series family, and only one model can be included today - V120 with a clock frequency of 2.2 GHz and an L2 cache of 512 KB. This processor is equipped with 64-bit FPUs, and the throughput of the HT bus is 3200 GT/s. In addition, the V120 processor supports DDR3-1066 memory, so the power supply becomes 25 watts. Zagal, for its characteristics, the V120 processor is a single-core version of the Athlon II P320 processor.

All AMD mobile processors we have reviewed are those of 2010-year-old processors (they were announced by the company in the grass), focused on productive and universal laptops, as well as laptops of the cob line. Prote in the assortment of the company AMD є also processors with reduced power consumption - the stench is focused on ultra-thin laptops and netbooks. Dual-core and single-core 45-nm processors, as also announced in the past, may be codenamed Geneva and represented by the Turion II Neo, Athlon II Neo and V-Series

Dual-core processors of the Turion II Neo series (Turion II Neo K665, Turion II Neo K625) can power up to 15 W, dual-core and single-core processors of the Athlon II Neo series (Athlon II Neo K325, Athlon II Neo K125) of the V105 processor become less than 9 watts.

Turion II Neo dual-core processors are powered by 128-bit FPUs and a 2 MB L2 cache (1 MB per core). The throughput of the HT bus becomes 3200 GT/s.

Athlon II Neo series processors can support 64-bit FPUs and 1 MB L2 cache per core, while the HT bus throughput is set to 2000 GT/s. Well, the single-core processor V105 is different (clock speed limit) from the single-core processor Athlon II Neo K125, which is reduced by double the L2 cache.

It is significant that all Geneva processors support DDR3-1066 memory in dual-channel mode.

Krіm mobile processors Champlain and Geneva in the range of AMD company presents other mobile 45-nm processors. There is a processor with the code name Caspian, which was announced in spring 2009 and has not yet become obsolete. Caspian mobile processors are represented by the Turion II and Turion II Ultra dual-core processor families, the Athlon II dual-core processor family and the Sempron single-core processor family.

All dual-core Caspian processors can power up to 35W, and single-core processors can power up to 25W. In addition, all Caspian processors use only DDR2-800 memory (for dual-channel operation).

Turion II and Turion II Ultra family processors are powered by 128-bit FPUs, and HT bus throughput is 3600 GT/s. The difference between processors of the Turion II Ultra and Turion II families lies in the fact that Turion II Ultra processors can cache L2 with a size of 2 MB (1 MB per core), and Turion II processors with a size of 1 MB (512 KB per core).

Athlon II and Sempron family processors support 64-bit FPUs and 512 KB L2 cache per skin core. In addition, the throughput of the HT bus of these processors will be 3200 GT/s.