The radio circuits of the electrical circuit are important. Simple electric musical instruments Do-it-yourself electric musical instrument

Possibilities electronic devices make difference sound effects widely used in the construction of modern electromusical instruments. Musical instruments with their own hands can be different prefixes and imitators that give an unusual "electronic" sound to traditional instruments - guitar, drum, piano.

Whether a generator of sound frequency vibrates electrically, yak, being fed to the AF substation, they turn into sound with a dynamic head. The tonality of the sound lies in the frequency of the generator's colivan.

How to set resistors in various supports in the generator and turn them on at the frequency generator of the turn signal, weide a simple electric musical instrument on which you can play incoherent melodies. A diagram of such an instrument is shown below.

The wobble generator on transistors VT1 and VT2 of different structures behind the galvanized circuit. Generation is established through a positive reversal link between outputs and input lances of substation cascades on designated transistors. The frequency of the noises that are generated can be changed by switching SA1 or capacitor C1 or C2, as well as one of the resistors Rl - R8 (with the keys of the tool SB1 - SB8), included in the loop of the loop. If the rough contact of the jumper is in the position shown in the diagram, when pressing on the keys, the sounds of the first octave will lull. If you translate the rough contact of the jumper into the opposite position, you can select the sounds of a different octave. Click on more than one of the keys. Likewise, two keys vibrate vipadkovo, two resistors connected in parallel are connected to the loop of the turning link, and the frequency of the generator will not match the same sound of the given octave. Moreover, the frequency of the generator will be higher, lower when pressed, be it with two keys, OK.

Resistor R9 surrounds the maximum frequency of the generator, and R10 - the most incomparable soundness.

Substroyuvalni resistors - SPZ-16, postyni - MLT-0.25 capacitors - MBM. Transistor VT1 can be, as indicated on the diagram, MP38, MP38A or another low-voltage silicon transistor of the n-p-n structure with a static transmission coefficient of the stream not less than 50. . Dynamic head - intensity 0.5 - 1 W, for example 1GD-18, 1GD-28. Dzherelo zhivlennya - battery 3336. Vimikach and peremikach - be it a design. The keys can be as ready, let's say, as a child's musical instrument-game, so self-sufficient. At any rate, contacts are installed under them, for example, in the form of electromagnetic relays (more than telephone ones), which will flicker when pressed on the keys. Possible variant of using compact keys, for example KM1-1. The main parts of the instrument can be mounted on the board (Fig. 82) in a hanging or other way. The board is placed in the middle of the body (Fig. 83) of a sufficient design. On the front side of the body, there is a dynamic head and controls (keyboard, volume, switch). Dzherelo zhivlennya mount in the middle of the body or on the lower (outer) roof.

Adjustment of the musical instrument is made with one's own hands for the additional installation of motors and built-in resistors to improve the sound tone. Opir resistors are guilty of such a way that they fixed the tones in the “do” (or “la”) first octave to “do” (or “la”) the other with intervals of one tone. Nalashtuvannya vykonuyut behind the sounds of the piano, piano, accordion or other musical instrument. On the back, pressing the key - the SB8 button, by selecting the position of the resistor R8 motor, set the generator to the frequency of the first outgoing tone - "to" or "la" of the first octave (this key is to blame but on the left, on the side of the musician, the end of the keyboard). Then press the SB7 key and by selecting the position of the resistor R7 mover, the sound of the offensive tone - "re" (or "cі"), etc. is boosted.

The capacity of the musical instrument can be expanded by vicorous keyboard with 12 keys. To di krіm of the main tones z'yavlyayutsya dodatkovі ("to deієz", "la flat" and іn.) - the fullness of the sound to lie down in the presence of the tension of the life. Increasing yogo to 9 increases thickness, but with it, it is possible to change the tight transistor VT2 on a small radiator near a P-like coil, bent from sheet aluminum with a thickness of 1 ... 2 mm.

The first do-it-yourself musical instrument, which started a new direct way in radio electronics - electronic music (short electric music). Rozrobiv yoga in 1921. young Petrograd physicist Lev Theremin. In the name of the winemaker, an incomparable electromusical instrument was named. Invisible guilt, that there are no keyboards, strings or pipes, for the help of which they take away the sounds of the necessary tonality. Grass on the theremin conjures the performance of a conjurer-ilusionist - the most manipulative melodies sound from a dynamic head during ice-memorable manipulations with one or two hands near the metal rod-antenna, which is to be washed on the body of the instrument.

The secret of the theremin is that there are two independent generators in it, which vibrate at a high frequency - about a hundred thousand hertz. Ale, the frequency of one of the generators can be changed by its own replaceable capacitor, which is done with the hand of a fireman and a metal pin-antenna, fixed with a frequency-setting generator lance. The proximity of the hand to the antenna or the distance to bring it up to change the total capacity of the frequency-setting lancet, and hence the frequency of the generator.

Signals from both generators are sent to the zmishuvach. At the exit of the zmіshuvacha, a retail signal is seen, which is confirmed by the sound of the AF and is represented by a dynamic head. At the output station, the frequencies of both generators are the same, the retail signal is practically absent, the sound is not clear. Ale varto bring your hand close to the antenna, as a retail signal sounds and in the head of the moon a sound. The tonality of yoga is changed by hand, which approaches the antenna or moves away from it.

Such a principle of robotic be-like Theremin. The difference between the designs is similar to the circuit design solution of the oscillating nodes - generator, zmishuvach, subsiluvach, as well as the obviousness of the nodes, which allow you to eliminate the original sounds or sound effects.

Familiarity with the theremin is shorter, most obviously, with a simple design, for example, shown in fig. 84. Selected theremin on three integrated microcircuits. At the first generator, which is being rebuilt, the chip DD1 is victorious. On elements DD1.1 and DD1.2 there is a multivibrator, and on DD1.3 there is a split cascade. The frequency of the multivibrator's coliving should be placed in the support of the resistor R1, the capacitance of the capacitor C2 and the capacitance between the WAl antenna and the lead wire to the tool, as the arm is brought up to the antenna. In order to improve the maximum sensitivity of the generator to the capacity of the antenna-arm, the frequency of the generator was selected equal to a high hundred kilohertz.

In another generator with a fixed frequency, the DD2 microcircuit is used, the elements of which are reversed in the same way as the elements of the microcircuit of the first generator. The frequency of the noises that are generated can be changed in small intervals by changing the resistor R2 "Frequency".

From the output of the skin generator, the signal should go through the cascade, which is convenient, to the “own” input of the zmishuvach, which is on the DD3 microcircuit. If one input is a signal with a frequency f1, and if the other input is f2, then at the output the noise will be signals with frequencies f1 ± f2. Moreover, the amplitude of the change in the retail frequency is in the warehouse of ten parts and one volt, which allows you to drop the auxiliary power supply of the AF and connect to the output of the power supply through the capacitor C4, transformer T1 and change resistor R4 "Guchnist" dynamic head BA1. The humming of the total frequency is not performed by the dynamic head.

To increase the volume of the sound of a musical instrument with a hand, the logical elements of the DD3 microcircuit are connected in parallel. The quality of the sound can be smoothly changed by changing the resistor R4.

Theremin live with dzherel GB1. To prevent the mutual injection of generators, the voltage of the skin from them is supplied through an RC filter. Set the strum tool to 7...10 mA.

Krіm znachenih on the scheme, can be different microcircuits K561LE5, K561LA9, K561LE10 (DD1 and DD2); K561LE5 K561LE6, K561LA7 - K561LA9, K561LE10 (DD3) or other similar microcircuits of the K176, K564 series. Capacitors C1 - SZ can be KD, KT, KM, others - K50-6, K53-1. Replaceable resistors - SPO, SP4-1, permanent - MLT-0.25 or other small-sized, vimikach - MT1, life-changing - battery "Krona" or battery 7D-0.1. The transformer is a kind of small-sized transistor receiver (one half of the primary winding is twisted). Dynamic head - intensity 0.1 - 0.25 W, for example 0.1 GD-6, 0.2 GD-1.

Mustache details, crim dzherela zhivlennya, mount on other payment from a one-sided foil-coated cloth curtain 1...1.5 mm. Vaughn and the front panel of the instrument. Change resistors and vimikach are installed in the openings of the board, the transformer and the dynamic head are glued. Opposite the diffuser, the heads in the plate are drilled open and curved from the side of the installation with a non-slotted fabric. The details are soldered to the conductors of the payment.

The board is fastened to the metal case with the help of ZOH X75X145 mm. Place a battery in the middle of the body and connect it to the payment with a rich mounting rod in insulation. It is possible, of course, to vicorate for the connection of the accumulator roses in the form of vicoristan "Krony".

Contact ХТ1 with M4 screw, pass through the opening at the board and fix the ring with a nut. The gwent droplet is guilty of nadnuvatsya with the contact maidanchik of the payment, until the capacitor C1 is soldered.

Before thundering on the theremin to the twint, attach the antenna - a metal tube with a diameter of 6 and a length of 300 ... 500 mm from the cuts on the ends.

Just as the installation of vikonations without pardons and reference details, the theremin begins to be worked out again. Koristuyutsya him like that. Turning on the live, set the zero beat mode with resistor R2, if the frequencies of both generators are equal and there is no sound in the dynamic head. At the same hour, when the hand is brought up to the antenna, the sound is to be heard. By more accurate setting of the resistor R2 motor, it is ensured that the sound is heard at a greater distance between the hand and the antenna. The tonality of the sound may increase if the hand is brought closer to the antenna.

To increase the sensitivity of the instrument, it is necessary for an hour of heat to roll with one hand to the body or the handles are fixed (there may be metal, it is necessary to close with the body of the resistor, and therefore from the head wire of the instrument), and the other pick up the melody.

It is possible to increase the volume of the sound of the theremin by connecting to the output of the sound frequency zmishuvach, for example, a radio or a tape recorder. For this, on the body of the instrument, it is necessary to install roses.

The drum is one of the most popular do-it-yourself musical instruments, like picking up radio amateurs-cob, but it’s also bulky. Change the dimensions and increase the efficiency of the transportation – the basis of the skin ensemble. How to speed up the services of electronics and choose a prefix to to the straining pidsiluvach(And in today's time - there is no part of the ensemble's equipment), you can try to imitate the sound of the drum.

As if for the help of a microphone, podsilyuvacha that oscilloscope "look over" the sound of the drum, then go ahead and step forward. The signal on the screen of the oscilloscope looks like a splash, that I guess I’m dropping water, that I’m falling. It's true, fall over there on the right. Tse means that the last part of the “drop” is a steep front, the sound of a drum hit, and then the next fading decline - the drum is distinguished by the resonant power of the drum. In the middle, the “droplet” is filled with colivans of a sinusoidal form with a frequency of 100 ... 400 Hz - it is necessary to deposit it according to the design features of this instrument.

Similar electric shocks can generate, for example, a shock wake-up circuit, like giving a new impulse, which starts, or a sound generator, which is in a galvanized (checking) mode at the time of a short-hour start of yoga. Let's go to another variant and know it with the scheme of the prefix shown in fig. 87.

An audio frequency generator was selected on transistor VT2. Colivannya in the new ruptured zavdyaki di positive zvorotnogo zv'yazyku between the collector and the base of the transistor. PID changes the phase of the collector signal by 180 °, as it reaches for the help of the trilank lance C1 - NW, R4 - R6. The frequency of the signal that is being generated can be in the range of 100...400 Hz.

The oscillating mode of the generator is shunted by the resistor R4 of the phase-coupled lanyard by the support of the drain-turn of the field-effect transistor. And there, at your own pace, lay a load of voltage on the gate of the transistor, which is installed by a change resistor R2. The larger the voltage is, the more the motor of the change resistor is behind the circuit, the less opir is assigned, the stronger the shunt of the resistor R4.

Vihіdna zsuvu voltage, which is applied to the resistor R4, is fixed by the R1VD1 dilnik, otherwise it seems that the diode voltage is directly victorious. At the same time, the diode together with the resistor R1 wins the role of its own parametric voltage stabilizer.

The signal from the generator is sent through the XS1 socket to the subsonic tension of the sound frequency.

To “hit” with an electronic drum, you need to press the SB1 button. Through її contacts are switched, the capacitor C5 and the diode VD2 on the base lance of the generator transistor, there is a voltage pulse of positive polarity. The generator will break down, and a sound frequency signal will pass through the tension. Trivality to the signal, otherwise it seems, trivality to the sound of the drum to lie in the position of the engine of the changeable resistor R2: the closer the screw is to the upper one behind the output circuit, the sound is better. A second blow will sound after the button is released and pressed again.

The polovy transistor can be of series KP302 with letter indices A or B, bipolar - from series KT312 or KT315 with indices B - G, and possibly a large transmission coefficient of the stream. Diode VD1 - be it from the D226 series, VD2 - be it from the D9, D18, D20 series. Permanent resistors - MLT-0.25, replacement - SP-1. Capacitors C1 - SZ - MBM, C4 - K50-6, C5 - type KM or KLS. Dzherelo Zhivlennya - "Krona".

Part of the designation of the details is mounted on the board, as it is installed later in a small body, bazhano metal. On the front side of the case there is a change resistor, a switch and a rose, and on the top - the SB1 button. The battery is located in the middle of the body - it is connected to the details of the attachment with the help of a mounting rod in insulation. Obviously, for the convenience of replacing the battery, you can connect it through the roses to the vikoristan "Kroni", but the work is not necessary, the oscillators of the strum, which is supported by the prefix, do not exceed 4 mA, and the energy of the battery can be pulled out for a long time.

The adjustment of the prefix is ​​\u200b\u200bstarted up to the installation of a constant voltage on the collector of the transistor VT2 is close to 5 V by selecting the resistor R3. If you need to change the tone of the drum sound, then install capacitors C1 - C3 of lower ratings (but not the same). When translating and adjusting the set-top box, the robot must be controlled by high-resistance headphones TON-1, TON-2 or similar, which are connected to the socket through a capacitor with a capacity of 0.01 ... 0.1 μF.

When vikonannі different musical creations chirp with dekіlkom drums, leather from which they can have their own tonality of sounding. AT electronic version under the leather drum, you can make a prefix with different capacitors C1 - SZ and connect to the switch to the switch of the second imitator, or by rearranging the plug to the switch of tension, or for an additional switch, for example, a push-button. In this way, there is a trace of memory about the zbіlshennya dovzhini z'єdnuvalnyh provіdі, so that the background of the snake struma appeared in the guchnomovtsi screening їх.

A possible option, if all the consoles will be mounted in a solid case, and they will be connected with the XS1 socket through a push-button, keyboard or switcher. For the living of such a design, it is necessary to vicorist a greater tightness, for example, folds of elements 373, or a straight line with a constant output voltage of 8 ... 10 V.

The popularity of electronics today is rich in what is explained by the possibility of connecting electronic set-top boxes to it, which allows you to eliminate the most unusual sound effects. Among musicians-electricians, one can almost unknow the words “wow”, “booster”, “distortion”, “tremolo” and others. All tse - name the effects, yakі otrimuyut pіd h vykonannya melodies on elektrogitarі.

About deyakі prefixes for otrimannya similar effects and there is a rosepovid. All the stench is paid for the work, as with promiscuous sound-carriers, which are installed on the great guitar, as well as with self-confident, prepared for the descriptions of popular radio amateur literature.

Vіdmіnniy sposіbіbіbіbіbіlshennya svіlshіnі zvіshennіa zvіchannya іtаrа tse specіl'ny muzychnyіі іstrument - zvuknіmаchі to іtarа, scho transform sounds on electrical signal be strengthened by an electro-acoustic system and again transform into a sound, a little more strained.

At this hour, there is a great number of different sounding electric musical instruments at home. Some of them are well known to a wide range of radio amateurs and musicians, and about others only a few specialists know about them. The most simple tools, selected only on one transistor, but also use them, as for the folding of your attachment, they can be used with electronic counting machines. In this paragraph, we will consider only visually simple electromusical instruments, invested for repetition by radio amateurs and electromusicians. Part of the description of the instruments is more reminiscent of transistorized toys. Ale, so chi іnakshe principles, on which dіya tsikh іnstrumentіv is founded, є the main ones for more foldable and perfect instruments, priladіv and zasobіv automation.

Electronic organ on a single-junction transistor. One of the new and promising devices for amateur practice is the single junction transistor. Most similar transistors are vicorous in different types of generators, where you can set the frequency of generation by changing the support or capacitance in the lantern of the emitter in a wide range of paths. The power of generators on single-junction transistors was victorious in the simplest electronic organ, the principle diagram of which is shown in fig. with an emitter of a single-junction transistor T1. The frequency of the beats that are generated, and also, the tone of the sound can be regulated by a path of a double-width adjustment of these resistors.

"Electronic organ" behind the diagram in Fig. 41 there is no faintness, no humming, necessary for the creation of sound waves. Therefore, it is necessary to add it to the socket for connecting a sound pickup, which is in the skin radio receiver. As the transistor T1 is the most suitable single-junction transistor KT117.

Dzherelom zhivlennya can be two consecutive batteries 3336L. In the magazine of American radioamators, de descriptions of the whole "electronic organ", it is indicated that the wine can be played not only like a toy, but with a great practical crust, like a rich-channel signaling device, for example, an electric ring. With this, the signals are considered not for the number of calls, but for the tone of the signal, which should lie in the face of the onslaught of those other buttons.

Electronic canary. From long ago, the Canaries delight nature lovers with their spiv. Ale zmist canaries in domestic minds will require singing art and patience. Perhaps, for these reasons, Japan and the United States came up with the sale of piece canaries, which are similar to the right ones and trills, as you can see, close to the spivu of natural canaries. Dzherelom tsgogo spіvu є miniature transistor generators of electric colivans of a special form, yakі when driven through a dynamic head іmіtuyut spіv spravzhnіh canaries. The electronic canary can be small and spread out in the bottom of the cage, in the middle of which it was possible to escape, or a dummy of a bird.

On fig. 42 shows the principle diagram of an electronic canary. If you indicate that the polarity of the inclusion of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is correct, the shards won't this annex it is characterized by characteristic processes, like a new one, but not the polarity of the food supply.

Attachment of indications in fig. 42 is a blocking generator on transistors T1, the hour of operation of which is determined by the repetition frequency of the multivibrator on transistors T1 and T2, and the frequency changes smoothly per hour of the blocking generator operating cycle.

For the preparation of a canary with transistorized devices for the circuit of fig. 42 you can twist transistors KT3I5 (T1) and MP37 or MP38 (T2). The original elements of electronic canaries live in the presence of several consecutively connected elements 316 Capacitor C1 can be of type K50-6 for an operating voltage of at least 10 V. Resistor R8 is rattling, self-resisting. Yogo opir is picked up by a clear path. In case of any change, if the support is changed, the tension is increased, then the increase in the influx of the parameters of the noise change on the frequency of the blocking generator, which is negligible.

It’s awkward to set up an attachment and start basically before installing an additional replacement resistor R7 for the frequency of repetition of trills. For the safe operation of the electronic canary, it is recommended to place all the elements of the electronic device in a plastic case with openings for the diffuser of the dynamic head and the axis of the resistor R7.

Kishenkov's Hawaiian guitar. I know richly the sound of musical creations, like they vibrate on Hawaiian guitars. If you know about transistor technology, you can create a small-sized electric musical instrument, for the help of some kind of low-frequency attachment (for example, a radio receiver) you can see sounds that are even closer to guessing the characteristic sound of a Havanese guitar. Due to its simplicity, the apparatus perekrivaet only two octaves.

From whom, obviously, the right Havanese guitar is supplied, then it takes a little time. Choose and enjoy the Hawaiian Hawaiian guitar On fig. 43 shows the principle scheme of such a guitar. Vaughn works in such a way. Transistors T1 and T2 establish a generator that sets the frequency of which is regulated by a changeable resistor R1 (“Tone”). In addition, it is additionally modulated after the frequency of the other oscillator on transistors T3 (the frequency of these oscillations is 6 Hz).

The voltage of the generator is modulated after the frequency, which is created by the emitter of transistors T1 and T2, to go through the resistor R11 to the emitter of the transistor T4. The base of the rest of the circuit is connected directly from the main wire through the resistor R16 and the capacitor C6, as well as through the resistor R15 and the vimikach B1 ("Gra") with the plus of the life. Vimikach B1 is normally open, the voltage on the base of the transistor T4 reaches zero and the transistor T4 closes. As a result, the voltage of the signal on the collector T4 of the transistor was lost every day.

When B1 is turned on, the capacitor C6 starts charging through the resistor R15, due to which the voltage is adjusted to the voltage of the transistor T4. In the world of charge C6, it starts to get bigger, more quickly, then more properly, until you reach your boundary, which is more advanced in the support of the resistor R16 to the sum of the supports of the resistors R15 and R16. As a result, the smooth change of sound on the basis of the transistor T4 frequency-modulation of the generator, which is set, is limited by specific zabarvlennya.

The hour of the installation of the kolivan at the exit I will add to lie down in the support of the resistor R16 that for the yogo value shown in fig. 43 become 1.5-2 s. For a certain hour, you can change by choosing the value of the resistor R16, which can be replaced by a change of 510 kOhm support.

Resistor R4 regulates the depth of frequency modulation, so the depth of vibrations. For an hour of adjustment, it is recommended to replace it with a 510 kOhm support resistor. The modulation frequency can be adjusted by replacing the resistor R6 with a change of 2-3 kOhm support.

The scale of the changeable resistor R1 ("Tone") is calibrated according to musical notes, starting at "c", victorious at the sight of the standard, adjusting the piano or other musical instrument. The process of grilling on the described "instrument" is clumsy. They turn on the live, I’ll add it to the back of the screen with a sound pickup socket, or with the input of a special bass booster. Next, press the "Gra" button and, wrapping the "Tone" handle, restore the tonality of the sound to the bazhan. The quality of yoga is regulated by the governing bodies of the subwoofer or the receiver, at the same time, the instrument is victorious. To pick up the melody, changing the hour of pressing on the button Gra and at the same time wrapping the handle Tone.

When preparing a Kishenko's Hawaiian guitar, you can use transistors of the MP40 or MP41 type with forward letter indices. How dzherelo zhivlennya dotsily vikoristovuvaty two consecutively charged batteries 3336L. All the details of the instrument, in order to avoid the other names, are due to be placed in a metal case.

Descriptions of other electric musical instruments with success can be used at various children's concerts, on hikes and for artistic self-discipline. Here, one more electric musical instrument may appear, which is described below.

Electronic double bass. Important for a double bassist. This musical instrument of the growth of the people is between the feasibility of moving around and the colossal transport, and the theme of various humorous admonitions. Guess, for example, A.P. Chekhov's poem "Kokhannya with double bass".

Regardless of all its bulkiness, that evocative inevitability, the double bass is one of the most important instruments for a practically any variety orchestra.

But you can change the size of the double bass, just like I’ll add it to an electronic add-on. The electronic double bass can easily be taken with you by everyone, de vin only needed. For the liveliness of such a double bass, it is possible to use a small-sized galvanic battery, and it is also necessary to sound the space of the place, to bring it to the low-frequency path of the sound receiver or the radio.

The electronic double bass cannot fully replace the right one, even if the bass perekrivaet only one octave, at that hour it is the most important two and a half, but the simplicity and accessibility of preparation, as well as small differences, we will add it to the first instrumental instruments.

On fig. 44 data sketches sane looking that principle is the scheme of the electronic double bass, described on the sides of the radio amateur magazine of the USA.

Sounds of an electronic double bass (Fig. 44, a) glued together from thin planks of shearing with a stretched ventral posterior axis of a single metal string, 13 narrow metal slugs (lads) are placed perpendicularly to it. The metal string and the fret with the elements of changing the frequencies of the colivan, which are generated by the electronic attachment, will be shown in fig. 44.6. As you can see from the first, the string and the frets are connected by the conductors with the double-bass generator's double-bass generator resistors. The generator of the electronic contrabass attachment (Fig. 44 b) picks up on transistors T1 and is surrounded by a negative turn signal, which is connected by a suspended T-bridge, which consists of parts R1 R2 C3 and C1 C2 R12-R25. Consistently connected substring resistors R13-R25 are connected as shown in fig. 44.6, and in the order indicated in fig. 44 a. The string of the double bass is connected up to R25 to that of the hearted drotu (earth). The zamikannya strings on the fret bring to change the support in the lancet of one of the two bridges of the negative virtuous link, which calls for a change in the frequency of the ringing that is generated.

There are two more cascades at the warehouse of the electronic extension of the double bass. One, on transistors T2, serves for the uncreated strength of the colivan that is generated; The other one, on the T3 transistors - for a stronger and stronger creation of a signal, similar to that, as it was broken in the descriptions earlier of the "speak". Jumpers B1 and B2 allow you to select different modes of operation of the electronic double bass, and if you turn on only the jumper B1t at the output, I will add a clean non-construction signal. When the switch B2 is switched on at the output, I will add a strong signal and, if the switches (B1 and B2) are switched on, the harmonics are switched on at the output and the main signal is often suppressed. Vіdnosnі vіvnі vnі vnі vnі vnі vnі vnі vnі vnіvnі svіdіvnі sіnіnіі vstanovlyuyut, pіdbіryuchi supports іn resistorіv R10 і R7 vіdpovіdno.

At the annex behind the scheme of fig. 44 can use transistors of type MP41A or MP42B with coefficient VSt = 40-60 and more, constant resistors of type VS-0.125 or MLT-0.25, MLT-0.5, change R11 to type SPZ-3 group A or B support 20-30 kOhm, R13-R25 type SPO or SPZ-4a group A with a support of 1.0-1.5 kOhm, capacitors type MBM for a voltage of 160 V. Two batteries in series 3336 L or one battery Krona - VC".

Details are mounted on two boards: change resistors R13-R25 - on metal, transistors, capacitors and other resistors - on a board with foil textolite or getinax. Offset payments are installed at the case of the double bass from the rear side of the yogo, moreover, it is buggy, so that the axes of the change resistors have free access. I will add a plug to the input of the LF subwoofer or a sound pickup socket for an additional flexible screened cable with a length of 3-4 m, which can be on both ends of a single-pole or unified plug.

The frets of the double bass are made from brass or steel plates 10 mm wide and are stitched at the upper part of the body of the instrument with an interval of 40-50 mm. The vertical height of the double bass (Fig. 44 a), including the dash, is due to the buti on the shoulder of the vikonavtsu, which is approximately 130-150 cm.

The adjustment of the electronic double bass is started from the relay rechecking of the circuit details and conductors, the polarity of the included battery. Later, I will attach it to the input of the woofer and pressing the Kn1 button, located at the upper part of the neck of the instrument, the life is turned on. If there is a slightly low-frequency sound in the generator, the volume of which changes when the coil of the resistor R11 is wrapped, it is worth mentioning that the generator is working. For the sound quality, it is necessary to check the correctness of transistors and the reliability of the modes of operation fast strum necessary values. In times of change more low ± 15%, it is necessary to replace resistor R3 or replace transistor T1.

The contrabass is tuned to the main tone of the sound, raising only the transition of B1 and victorious like a good sounding grand piano or piano. Press the string back to fret A, strike the piano on the keys of the note to a small octave and change the M13 resistor to reach the same sound of the piano and double bass. Then we press the string to the next frets in alphabetical order i, striking the keys of the notes on the piano, pererahovanih in table. 7, to lead the variable resistors away from the tuning of the double bass. It is obvious that for her mother a good ear for music and a knowledge of musical literacy is necessary.

After finishing the adjustment on the main tone, pick up such a value of the resistor R7, with any connection with the double bass, the low-frequency bass (or take it) will show the same tension when the resistor R11 is set to the maximum value. Then, without switching off B1, turn on the jumper B2 i, selecting the resistor R10, to reach the sound of the electronic double bass. The adjustment will be completed with a reverberation of the sound quality when the B2 switch is turned on. Grass on the "electronic double bass" is clumsy, but it is available in a rich way.

Vasiliev V. A. Zakordonni radioamatorsky designs. M., "energy", 1977.

Key tags: ,

Schemes of the simplest electronic devices for radioamators-pochatkivtsiv. Forgive electronic toys and accessories that can be decorated for the home. Schemes to encourage the improvement of transistors and to compensate for deficient components. Imitators of the voices of birds, musical instruments, light music on light-waves and others.

Nightingale trill generator

The generator of trills of a nightingale, chimes on an asymmetric multivibrator, selections for the scheme, induced in fig. 1. A low-frequency kolyvalny circuit, made by a telephone capsule and a capacitor SZ, is periodically energized by pulses that are vibrated by a multivibrator. At the result, sound signals are formed, which the nightingales' trills tell. On the front view of the front scheme, the sound of that imitator is not keratin and, later, it is more single-manit. The timbre of the sound can be adjusted by changing the capacitance of the ZZ capacitor.

Rice. 1. Generator-imitator of trills of a nightingale, I will add a scheme.

Electronic legacy of the canaries

Rice. 2. Scheme of the electronic tracking of the canary.

Electronic legacy of the canary descriptions from the book B.S. Ivanov (Fig. 2). In yoga, there is also an asymmetric multivibrator. The main feature of the forward circuit is the RC-lance, the inclusions between the bases of the transistors of the multivibrator. However, a clumsy innovation allows you to radically change the nature of the sounds that are generated.

Quack imitator

Quack imitator pitching (Fig. 3), proponation Е. Briginevich, as well as other schemes of imitators, implementations on an asymmetric multivibrator [Р 6/88-36]. In one arm of the multivibrator, the BF1 telephone capsule is switched on, and in the other, there are sequentially connected light diodes HL1 and HL2.

Offenses of adventurousness are worked out according to one's will: sometimes you see a sound, then you shoot light - the eyes of "rolling". The tone of the sound is selected by the resistor R1. Vimikach I will build a bagan vikonati on the basis of a magneto-ceramic contact, you can make a self-made one.

Then the toy will turn on when a masked magnet is brought to it.

Rice. 3. Scheme of the pitching quack simulator.

Noise generator

Rice. 4. Schematic diagram generator "noise doshchu" on transistors.

Noise generator Matskevich (Fig. 4), vibrating sound impulses, which are carried through the skin in telephone capsules. Tsі klatsannya in the distance predict the fall of the streaks of the plank on the pіdvіkonnya.

In order to give the character of falling drops, the circuit (Fig. 4) can be improved by inserting, for example, sequentially with one of the resistors channel field effect transistor. The gate of the field-effect transistor will be the antenna, and the transistor itself will be a variable resistor, based on some kind of influence on the strength of the electric field near the antenna.

Electronic drum attachment

An electronic drum is a circuit that generates a sound signal of a similar sound when the dot touches to touch contact (Fig. 5) [MK 4 / 82-7]. The operating frequency of the generation is changed between 50 ... 400 Hz and depends on the parameters of the RC-element in the attachment. Similar generators can be used to create the simplest electromusical instrument with sensory keruvane.

Rice. 5. Schematic diagram of the electronic drum.

Electronic violin from sensory keruvannyam

Rice. 6. Scheme of electronic violin transistors.

The electronic "violin" of the sensory type is represented by a circuit induced in the book by B.S. Ivanov (Fig. 6). Put your finger on the sensory contacts of the violin, the pulse generator turns on, the vibrations on transistors VT1 and VT2 turn on. There is a sound at the telephone capsule, the height of which is determined by the size of the electric support of the finger holding, applied to the sensory handkerchiefs.

Squeeze your finger more strongly, and it will decrease as the height of the sound tone rises. Opіr finger to lie down also in yogo water. By changing the steps of pressing your finger to contacts, you can beat a simple melody. Pochatkovu frequency of the generator is set by the potentiometer R2.

Electromusical instrument

Rice. 7. Scheme of a simple self-made electromusical instrument.

Electric musical instrument based on a multivibrator [V.V. Matskevich] vibrating electrical impulses of a rectangular shape, the frequency of which is the magnitude of the support Ra - Rn (Fig. 7). For the help of such a generator, it is possible to synthesize a sound din in the range of one or two octaves.

The sounding of signals in a straight-cut form already predicts organ music. On the basis of this add-on, a musical screen or a hurdy-gurdy can be created. For this, on the disk, which is wrapped with a handle or an electric motor, apply contacts of various lengths on the stake.

Resistors Ra - Rn are connected to the front of these contacts, so that the frequency of the pulses is determined. The length of the contact sleeve signifies the trivality of the sound of the other note when forging a loose contact.

Just music on light diodes

Attach a color-musical support with different-color light-emitting diodes, the so-called “flasher”, to embellish the musical sound with an additional effect (Fig. 8).

The input signal of the audio frequency is the simplest frequency filters subdivided into three channels, mentally called low-frequency (light of the red light); mid-frequency (green light) and high-frequency (yellow light).

The high-frequency warehouse is seen as a lanyard C1 and R2. The "mid-frequency" component of the signal is seen by an LC filter of the sequential type (L1, C2). Like a coil of inductance of a filter, it is possible to beat an old universal head into a tape recorder or a winding of a small-sized transformer or a choke.

In case of any fluctuations, when setting up the building, you will need an individual metering of the capacity of capacitors C1 - C3. Low frequency warehouse sound signal seamlessly pass through the lance R4, NW with the installation of the transistor VT3, which controls the lights of the "red" light diode. Streams of "high" frequency are short-circuited by the capacitor C3, because vіn maє for them even small opіr.

Rice. 8. Simple color music installation on transistors and light diodes.

Electronic toy "guess the color" on light diodes

Electronic assignment machine for guessing the color of the light that is turned on (Fig. 9) [B.S. Ivanov]. Attached is a pulse generator - a multivibrator on transistors VT1 and VT2, connected with a trigger on transistors VT3, VT4. Trigger, or attached to two stable camps, through the eyes of the dermal impulses, which came to yoga entrance.

Vіdpovidno, sequentially vysvіchuyutsya and different colors of light, included in the skin from the shoulders of the trigger as a vanity. Oskіlki the frequency of generation to reach the temple, blinking light when the pulse generator is turned on (pressing the SB1 button) rages in uninterrupted light. If you release the SB1 button, the generation will start. The trigger is installed in one of two possible stable positions.

Oskіlki the frequency of the trigger's twitching was high, it was impossible to send the trigger in the future. Wanting from the skin rule є vinyatki. It is suggested to the graves to signify (transfer), what color will appear after the next start of the generator.

Abo proponuєtsya guess what color spalahne after the release of the button. With a large set of statistics, the possibility of an equally important, equivocal vision of light is liable to approach the value of 50:50. For small samples, tse spіvvіdnoshennia can be vikonuvatisya.

Rice. 9. Principal diagram of an electronic toy on light-emitting diodes.

Electronic toy "who has the best reaction"

Electronic attachment, which allows you to set the speed of the reaction of the two last ones [B.S. Ivanov], can be chosen according to the scheme shown in fig. 10. The first indicator is displayed - the light of the one who is the first to press "his" button.

Basically, I will add a trigger on transistors VT1 and VT2. For re-testing the speed of the reaction, I will attach the next switch to turn on the additional button.

Rice. 10. Principal scheme of the toy "who has the best reaction".

Self-closing photo gallery

Rice. 11. Schematic diagram of the photo range.

Svіtlotir Z. Gordєєva (Fig. 11) allows both grati and training [Р 6/83-36]. A photocell (photoopir, photodiode - R3) should be directed to a point that will shine, or a sleepy bunny and push the trigger (SA1). Capacitor C1 is discharged through a photocell to the input of the pulse generator, which works in the recovery mode. The phone capsule has a moon sound.

If the guidance is inaccurate, if the resistor R3 is large, then the discharge energy is not enough to start the generator. A lens is needed for focusing light.

Literature: Shustov M.A. Practical Circuitry (Book 1), 2003 rec.

Most often they played musical and electromusical instruments with a keyboard (more like a push-button) keyboard. A proponated instrument has no keys, no buttons. The keyboard is made up of two metal plates (Fig. 55), ruffled on the front panel of a small screen. "Zamikayuchi" plates with one or a dekilkom with your fingers, the necessary tonality is forced, and a melody sounds from the screens.

The scheme of a non-small electromusical instrument is shown in fig. 56. Transistors VT1, VT2 and other parts connected to each other also make an asymmetric multivibrator. Zvorotniy zv'azok, it is necessary to vindicate the colivane, zdijsnyuєtsya from the collector of the transistor VT2 to the adjustment of VT1 through the capacitor C1. But on the basis of the transistor VT1 there is no constant voltage used (although the emitter), the transistor closes and the multivibrator does not work.

In such a state, the docks are addicted, the docks cannot be touched with a finger to the sensors E1 and E2. Todі mіzh them appear by turning on the opіr of the child's shkiri finger. A voltage will be applied to the base, and the multivibrator will turn up. At the dynamic head BA1, a sound is heard.

The tonality of the sound lies as a support between the sensors, it, with its blackness, is determined by the area of ​​the shkiri, applied to the sensors. In addition, the shkir of the skin of a person can have its own conductivity, and therefore, opir, which can be tens and hundreds of times blown up as a support of the shkir of another person. Vrakhovuychi tse, multivibrator of installations change resistor R1 - їм compensate for tsyu vіdminnіst і install for skin vikonavtsa however cob opіr between sensor E2 and base of transistor VT1. Otherwise, if you hang on, you can use the leather to "finish" the tool for your hands. \

Transistor VT1, which works in the first stage - high-frequency, silicon, structures p-p-p. It is not possible to replace it with a low-frequency transistor of such a structure (for example, MP37, MP38), but the multivibrator should be used with it again after the connection of the SA1 vimikachem dzherel live, so the sensors do not interfere. Therefore, it is necessary to insert indications on the transistor circuit or, in extreme cases, replace it with KT316A.

Deputy transistor MP42B pid_de MP39B, MP41, MP42A, GT402A. The remaining transistor is the most intense of the overheated, with it the sound will be louder. Dynamic head - whether it be attenuation up to 1 W and the support of a sound coil to a steady stream up to 10 0 m. Garni results to go, for example, with a head of 0.25GD-19, for example, the board and the case-screen of a musical instrument were split.

The replacement resistor is SP-I, the constant resistor is MLT-0.25, the capacitor is MBM, the vimikach is a TV2-1 tumbler, the battery is 3336.

The details of the tool are placed on the board (small 57) from the insulating material.

The case-screen of the tool (Fig. 58) can be made from any insulating material, for example, plywood with a thickness of 4 mm. The lower lid is znimna, so that it was possible to change the battery of life (it is attached to the lid with a metal bracket).

At the front panel, there are slots in front of the diffuser of the dynamic head. The middle of the gap is closed with a non-gap cloth. Under change resistor and turn off

the body in the front panel is drilled open - they have missing protruding parts of the important parts and are fixed to the beast with nuts. You won't need any more money to pay.

Sensors є strips with a width of approximately 10 mm, made of midi, brass or steel in the form of a can. Can be attached to front panel with fan 2. . .4 mm one kind of one. The ends of the slats are bent in the middle of the body to be closed by conductors with important details of the payment. The outer surface of the planks is cleaned to a shine with an emery paper.

After reviewing the installation of that superfluous ration, give life to Mal. 58. Design of the electric motor to install the motor of the change resistor

musical instrument _ ____- „____________.

at the extreme left behind the scheme of position (now it seems, at the position of the minimum support) and press your finger at the same time to both sensory plates. A dynamic head may have a sound of a uniformly low tonality. Without letting your finger in, put the change resistor motor in another extreme position - the tonality of the sound will move.

If there is no sound, close the sensor and reach it by selecting the resistor R2 or R3. Resistor R2 is picked up at a time, so that the sound is more likely to be heard. With a new input, it is necessary to close the resistor R3 and switch to the multivibrator, and then select the resistor R3 (with a smaller support).

Having finished rechecking that adjustment of the instrument, you can play on the new one. Having added a finger to the sensors, install a changeable resistor to the tonality of the sound. Pressing your finger harder to the sensors, or applying a finger tip to them, change the tone of the sound and sing an incoherent melody. Trochs of training - and you can play on any musical instrument.

To change between the sound range of the instrument, it is necessary to select capacitor C1. With an increase in volume, the height of the tone decreases, and with a change, it rises.

The instrument saves the strum from the dzherel zhivlennya less than an hour of sensor torkening, at the next hour the transistors are closed. Therefore, the energy of the battery is drained sparingly. Replace її be brought, as a rule, after 40 years. . 50 year. robotic tool.

Jerelo: journal « Technique – young » , No. 3 for 1960 rec. Author: B. Orlov (engineer). Supplementing the article with a small note about emiriton from the same journal, also No. 1 for 1946 rec.

“Electromusal instruments give off a wide range of heights, the strength of that richness of timbres expands the creativity of not only a composer, but also a musician-viconaut. And such a vibrancy, like a striking, garniable sound, with increased spontaneity, richness of timbres and accessibility of victorian technique, ensure their mass expansion and transform them into a serious factor of penetration of high musical culture into the butt.(Z vislovlyuvan People's Artist SRSR Academician B. V. Asaf'eva)

Three stories

What surprises us with the richness and diversity of the vibrancy of the modern orchestra? No, the stinks are created by them so natural. Even the musical instruments and the technique of playing were perfected for hundreds of years. We rarely ponder over it, that the composer of the 17th century does not have half the quiet, like the composer of our days. And this hour, more recently, the music was vikonuvaetsya only with the extreme vibrance of the power of the sound: either quietly, or loudly. The composers didn't know how to be able to make their steps stronger or weakened sonority. And if, in the middle of the XVIII century, the Italian composer and conductor Iomelli went ahead to these effects, the anger was shrill: with the increase in strength, the sound of the hearing, clouding their breath, amicably rose from their own places.

Spiritual instruments were left with more imperfections. And such instruments, like trombone, tuba, celesta, saxophone, have not yet been found. Around the middle of the last century, around the middle of the last century, a warehouse of a symphony orchestra was built, which has survived mainly to this day.

From that hour on, the construction of new tools stopped working. Farther away, the richer sound palette of the orchestra was only needed for the help of more thorough instruments and the growth of Vikonavian mastery.

However, the designs of classical musical instruments have a lot of shortcomings: there is a lot of stench in what is now far from perfection. In the arsenal of orchestral farb, the modern composer for an hour does not know all the necessary realization of his creative ideas. The leather group of instruments – medium, wooden, stringed, percussive – with the singing world of skut and is surrounded by its possibilities, like a painter’s painting, like a farbam of an artist, they were more powerful than strokes of singing form.

Speech and variety of switch instruments are weakly sounded, and thick mids are of low quality. The whole range of sounds according to the height of the beaten row is made up of narrow wooden yards, given to the orchestra's instruments.

The sound palette of the orchestra of the urivchast, її camp will guess the periodic system of Mendeliev's elements at that hour, if the clearings in the її ranks of the future are far from being completed.

And timbre - farbuvannya sound? Tsya power, behind which we easily recognize the tools, we can’t see the stench, it’s invariably lost on the skin. When playing in different registers, the timbres of the trumpet, trombone, bassoon change, the artist’s farb notes change in the world of penzle across the canvas. And how can you show your picture with bright farbs only in the middle part of the canvas, in the mountains - bright, and below - muted chi brudnymi? How much energy can the composer use to enchant the orchestra with the helpless farbs!

It’s not less than a transition to the path to maisternosti and that at the vikonavtsya. Only a lot of rocky and hard-nosed training, which begins to sound like a child's rock, to give him absolute and all-powerful power over the instrument. What counts is the very principle of taking away the sound: the mechanical beating of the strings is repeated by the pipe. I fully understood that in the production of automation and electronics, the development of musical instruments could not go along the old mechanical path.

The first few electromusics

Great technical inputs: telegraph, telephone, radio - gave the creators of new musical instruments - the whole material body of music - new tools. We call them now radioelectronic. Vinikla is a ghost of the creative spivpratsi of radio engineers, acousticians and musicians. The work in this gallery turned out to be fruitful: one by one, different designs of tools began to appear.

The back of the stench was more foldable, incomplete and gnatly bulky. So, one of the first electrical organs - having 200 tons of wine, obviously, was left with only a laboratory certificate. Not buv bringing up practical implementation This is the instrument of the yogo spіvvіtchiznik Le de Forest, winemaker of the trielectrode lamp.

The first electric musical instrument, which gained wide popularity among the whole world, buv. Guessing the first steps of a new instrument, we will tell you:

- I, physics and radio engineering, having also taken away the musical illumination at the Leningrad Conservatory, it was thought that radio lamps were planted in music, as in twenty years it was such a novelty, like an atomic reactor at once, it opened up more promising prospects. When creating my instrument, I want to work in such a way that the sound squirms without a middle, without an intermediate mechanical middle - just like an orchestra swears at a conductor. With this instrument, the sound is played silently, with a free hand in the open space of a small metal stick - anteni. First, I demonstrated yoga in 1921 on the VIII electrical engineering star. Then I vikonav on the theremin (having called so the name of a new instrument one of the music critics) a piece of works, Saint-Sanas and folk music.

At the theremin vicorist, two high-frequency generators work. In Russia, the hands of the antenna shrew change the capacitance kolivalny circuit, and also, i is the frequency of one of the generators. Audio frequency, necessary for vikonannya music, go out like retail high frequencies, which are excited by generators.

After the theremin, a whole series of electric instruments appeared. Tse ilston composer I.G.Ilsarov, who is close to mastering the way of translating the sound to the theremin, fretboard instrument sonar engineer N.S.Ananyeva, violena V.A.Gurov, keyboard instruments: ekvodin designs by A.A. Volodin, companol I. D. Simonov and others.

In the war years, new designs of electric musical instruments were created, which can be used as serious super-sonic instruments of the great type. Among them emiriton A.A.Ivanova and A.V.Rimsky-Korsakov, "B-9" by A.A.Volodin, the original rich-voiced instrument of the rare radioamator L.Vingris. And especially the miniature electronic pianos of the composer Ilsarov. The stench can only be used on six electric lamps (without a podsiluvach), or they can work on two lamps.

Like the stench of the power?

What are they electric musical instruments?

Regardless of the great vіdminnostі in designs, the schemes of such tools are created for slanderous principle. The heart of the instrument is a tone generator, similar to a radio transmitter generator. Most of the wines are used on vacuum lamps and electric coving in a folding form.

Why is it necessary to generate the same electric power? On the right, in that the warehouse of musical sounds is not simple. The stinks are added together with varying frequencies and intensities. At the total kilka of warehouses. One of them can lower the frequency. Vaughn is called the main tone, reshta - overtones. For periodic chimes, like musical sounds, overtone frequencies are multiples of the frequency of the main tone, so that they can be reversed in the whole number of times. This is the name of the harmonica. The sound spectrum of the instrument has a lot of timbre in it. For example, the timbre of the clarinet takes the fate of 11 harmonicas. The sound, arguing with them, is indistinct and indistinct, and if there are no harmonics, it is easier to hear by ear, and that is called simple or pure tone.

Folding electric chimes, which are energized by the tone generator, avenge a lot of harmonies. That's why it's easy to play on the electric musical instrument the most sophisticated timbres, which can be close to the timbres of the great instruments, and can be completely new. The keys of the instrument are provided with contacts, so that they can be switched on in the lances of the generator of electrical supports of various sizes. This allows you to select sounds in all registers of the musical scale, from the lowest to the highest.

In the attacking block of an electric musical instrument, the nature of the sound that is extinguished is regulated. Qi processes strongly add to the timbre and can absolutely change yoga. Dali electric strum directs from the so-called fermental lances, deduces the strength of such harmonics. Greater instruments have such a stronger body, which is an acoustic resonator and supports the sound of four frequencies in the spectrum of sound. Then the electric strum is located at the substation, with a foot control of the volume. Tse allows you to change the strength of the sound in the widest possible ranges, for the purpose of incrementally increasing or weakening. Dzherelom sound є dynamic loudspeaker.

Synthetic sound

Let's look at the construction of new Vikonavian instruments, and yet another piece of electromusic - a creation of electronic devices that are used for robotic composers. The principle on which the stench is grounded is even simpler. Whether it's a musical sound, it can be like a kind of set of pure tones. Navpaki, to reach a great number of them, you can take the sounds of whatever heights, thickness, timbre. Working with a similar apparatus, the composer becomes a sound selector. Poednuyuchi їх at raznomanіnіnіh podіdnannyah, vіn create nebacheni dosі zvukovі fruits - hybrids, otrimannya such technically can't be reached for a sonic orchestra. Oskіlki such an apparatus vikoristuє idea of ​​the day, synthesis simple sounds for otrimannya foldable, wine is called a synthesizer.

The records of this galusi have been found in 30 roki. Here the wine-growers did a lot of work. The stench victorious over the feasibility of the cinema: even on the cinematographer, the sound is recorded in a well-marked, shabby line. When combining the recordings of various pure tones into one sound graph, drawing on the hands, he was able to take away the sounds that would lead him to his own timbres. However, this method, without gaining a great breadth, shards of painting the sound, is a bit more penny and foldable on the right.

The work in this gallery was carried out by the candidate of technical sciences E.A.Murzin, who recently completed the bagatory work on the creation of an electronic music synthesizer. The constructor named yoga in honor of the wonderful Russian composer Oleksandr Mikolayovich Skryabin, and the museum installed such a device at once.

The ANS has 576 pure tones at the composer's disposal, which perekryvayut 8 octaves of the musical scale. The administration office allows you to return the money at any day. This generation is carried out in an optical-mechanical way. The device is made up of several of the same blocks, one of those visions on the color deposit.

Practicing with this wondrous machine, the composer records music not with notes, but with special frequency notes. The signs of the wines are on the opaque skli - "score". With which composer it is not necessary to check, if the orchestra is to be played that victorious tvir. I’ll write music, you can hear it already, create it, making the necessary corrections.

A more varied synthesis of timbres, which is swiftly beaten by a set of handles, I will add control. Tse allows you to create fundamentally new sounds on the ANS, which cannot be played on great instruments.

On the ANS, you can omit folded sounds, as if one sounded one in height, not only 1/12 part of an octave, like on a piano, but whether or not you can reach up to 1/72 of a part, if the stench melts to the ear may be invisible.

Sob to take away the okremі vіdtinki, make noise and overtones, the composer can work with the "score", like an artist, retouching and zafarbouyuchi enlightenment. Vіn zavzhd bachit in front of you a visual image - a bright code, which is the way to write a musical phrase. Tse help yoga robot. Vіn also can regulate the thickness of the skin from 16 registers of the instrument (per number of photocells), the overall thickness and the rate of vikonnannya. Composer to work on another stage of his work, nibi transforming into a conductor. There are two special handles here. Residually adjusting them to the sound, I record the music on a magnetic plate.

The inset shows a diagram of the musical synthesizer ANS, designed by E.A. Murzin. Golovne here is an optical-mechanical generator of pure sound tones. Vin is made up of several of the same blocks. The skin blot has the following details: 1 - light streaked; 2 - condenser for collecting light from a flat window; 3 - a disk that wraps around, covered with rows of dark males, that smoothly passes at the opening of the gap; 4 - gearbox, which connects the disk with an electric motor; 5 - flywheel.

Under the infusion of the wrapping of the disk, the light becomes more urivchasm, “modulating”. The camp “light” - “dark” smoothly draw between themselves. Shvidkіst tsikh cherguvan progressively grows in the center and edge of the disc.

Dzerkalo 6 direct modulation flow of light through the lens 7 on the flat slope - "score" 8, cover the beast with a black farboi, which is not dry. Like a farba in some places, it’s easy to spend light on a cylindrical lens 9 and a prism 10, and then on a photocell 11 (there are 16 in total). Strengthening the vibrating strum, which is the vine with it, gives a sound in dynamics.

Usі chotiri blocks of the generator to give on skі one sucіlnu smugu modulovanogo svіtla. The transmission lines of the reducer are selected in such a way as to take into account the frequency of light and darkness with the very law of changing the frequency, as well as the scale of the sounds of the piano keyboard. For the clarity of the composer's work, the image of the keyboard is marked with a light smog. At whom the encoder moves directly - attaching to the znyatty farbi from the surface of the warehouse - "score". With these cuts, you can work on the slopes of the enlightenment of the required width and depth, in view of which there is richness and trivality to the sound. Usogo encoder may 16 rіztsіv. The stench is allowed to sound one by one the main tone at once from the 15th harmonics, giving you the necessary timbre for the sound. Wrapping around a small flywheel, the composer can ruhati sklo - "score" and listen to written musical phrases negligently.

The ANS synthesizer has already taken away the recognition and high assessment of the richness of composers and acoustic specialists. “A wide development of mechanical recording in modern life,” wrote the composer I.G. lighter and more accurate can be done on the same device, lower on great instruments”.

The robot with a new tool has already shown a lot of ability. In order to improve yoga, the composer needed to improve, mastering the sound system. Ale wine will be a hundred times more vineyards - even the ANS synthesizer lets you show your ability, which is rich enough to overturn the ability of a great orchestra.

Try to look at tomorrow's electric music day. There are a lot of musical miracles on us. One - small instruments, prepared on the napkins. Light and easy, the stink of the sound is not to sacrifice the splendid. It's easy to make the keyboard accessible to the non-professional amateur. Such tools can be cheaply made. І tse already not experimental. Leather, who wants to get a similar tool, you can buy yoga in the store.

Today's technology allows you to think like this, about the musicians of the past they could only dream about. The whole of light music, and music with a smooth change of timbres, expanses of sound effects. And instruments such as the theremin allow you to create "dancing music". Aje a ballet dancer may not be more than a hand in hand, but we must dance to “play” the music that accompanies the dance. And even more musical wonders allow us to add radio electronics. Їx at once, it’s important to transfer.

Emiriton

Emiriton- all monophonic electric musical instruments with a range of 6 1/2 octaves. This tool is not automatic; on a new one, like on a piano, or a violinist, you need to learn how to play. On the emirton you can reach the most manipulative sounds: listen to the violin, cello, clarinet, oboe, saxophone and a lot of wind instruments. Moreover, to create such specific sounds in terms of timbre, like a drum beat, the roar of a litak, the singing of birds and the voices of people, are created by an emiriton.

On the new one, you can vikonati be-yak_ folding musical work.

Designed by A. A. Ivanovim and A. V. Rimsky-Korsakov.

The ringing instrument plays the harmonium without buttons. Natomist vlashtovany electric neck. The main rheostat, an elastic contact line is stretched over it.

At the body of the emirton there is a lamp generator, a timbre control, a filter and a power switch. The tube generator works according to the scheme, which gives different harmonies. Pressing on the neck at the required place, you turn on a part of the rheostat in the generator lance and set the voltage on the lamp grid. The skin tension shows its own frequency of colivans.

Change of sound - timbre - reach special building which changes the shape of the colivan. Passing through the new one, the colivannya should be at the electric filter. The filter helps to adjust the frequency of the musical range in order to take the rank of the formant sound.

Vikonavets cheruє tsim іnstrument, koristuyuchis vіdpovіdnim handles and a small keyboard, roztashovannym belya fretboard. The volume of the sound is regulated by the foot pedal. From the electric filter, a loudspeaker is placed through the subsilluvach, and it is cut out at the bottom of the instrument body.

Rich in different timbres, the emiriton can give a sound, be it richness. All of this is torn apart with great musical instruments, the fullness of the sound of them is already surrounded.