How to determine the dynamics parameters? Merim Tilya - Small. Speakers are different Speaker parameters what stinks mean

I don’t care about the broader idea, that literally a skin element is poured into the acoustic system’s quality: it’s the sound, the receiver, the speaker and winding the acoustic cables themselves, the sound is still seen less by Guchnomovtsy. The widest type of cih guchnomovtsiv is dynamic vibrating, vibrating sound whistles for the wind of the electromagnetic head, which causes vibration of the diffuser membrane. Qi extensions - speakers - are installed in wide-range or low-frequency speakers, to that, when the acoustic system is folded, I pay special attention to them.

Obviously, for a large number of dry numbers, they are not so important, as they are especially affected, depending on the listening to those other speaker models. With a good ear, they sing navit maistri, podkovani at the choice of different sound equipment. Prote, the first step is to start listening and the final selection of speakers for your acoustic system, the widest range of attachments you need to sound, for which it is necessary to select all the most important parameters that characterize speakers of any type. What do you need to know about speakers when you go to an audio equipment store?

Main characteristics of speakers

Developing a new model of speakers, engineers should learn the best way to understand three things:

• alignment of the maximum equal amplitude-frequency characteristics of the speakers;
• the convenience of the parameters of the dynamic speakers and the subdued sound;
• shaping wide diagrams of directness of sound waves

Design pardons in the selection of filters - incorrectly under them frequencies, just not far from the details of the middle case, as well as the wrong choice of material and other features of the box - lead to the appearance of failures in the amplitude-frequency characteristics of both low-frequency speakers and the phase inverter. Sometimes, short ranges, which are seen, appear on mid-frequency speakers and tweeters, which is absolutely unacceptable, since the creation of resonant frequencies by them will lead to a constant appearance of creation and third-party sounds pіd hour roboti speakers.

To avoid any problems, when choosing speakers, it is necessary to pay attention to the following characteristics:

• Nominal, otherwise working, tightness is such an indication of the tightness of the signal, which is brought to the speaker, while ensuring the purest sound.
• Maximum tightness is a sign of tightness, whoever can reach the most fullness of sound, but the presence of sound whiffs is not guaranteed.
• Nominal impedance - working support of speakers, vibrating at a sound frequency that is more than 1 kHz - the sound parameter is in the range of 4-8 ohms. It is important to pay attention to the fact that for the safety of the functioning of the columns, the total support of all columns in the system can be either equal or less, lower support for the sound. On this parameter, it is necessary to take care of it not for us, especially as the speakers are bathed in sound, and not as a part of a single acoustic system - for example, a music center or a home cinema.
• Sensitivity. Є sonic vice on the drum retina vukha z vіdstanі in 1 m with tightness to the sound, which is more than 1 watt. Reduced in decibels. Without intermediary pouring into the thickness at once from the hardness and without intermediary in it to fall. So, with a decrease in sensitivity of the whole by 3 decibels, for the support of the tone and the loudness of the sound waves, the tension of the viprominuvachs of the vdvichs will be reduced.
• Amplitude-frequency response - the graph, which is to become the severity of the sound in decibels in the frequency of the signal in hertz. Ideal for pickup pure sound This graph is guilty of being a straight line parallel to the horizontal axis. Be-yak_pro_dannya on the graphics are manifested in more or less serious creations of the sound, which are seen as dynamic vippromіnjuvachami.
• Frequency range. The difference between the maximum and minimum frequencies, as a matter of fact, is to create a column for the support of all victorious dynamic viprominuvachi. The range can be fully realized by one wide-range speaker or divided between two or three vip-machine speakers. At this time, the lower frequencies go to the subwoofer, and the higher ones go to the tweeter. The brightness of the created frequencies without intermediation depends on the diameter of the speakers and materials, victories at their design.

Due to these daily physical parameters, the soundness of the sound should lie the most, so the same information about the indications should be recognized by us. Obviously, only first-class speakers from the middle and high price category. When buying simple speakers, they are more portable, nothing, crimson, I can’t feel anything special, as a rule, they don’t seem to fit the specifications of this other model.

How much respect should be given when buying speakers?

hot characteristics

More Global parameters speakers to help you understand how you will be handy with these outbuildings.

System type

Іsnuyut analog and digital, stereo and rich-channel acoustic systems. You can assign the first characteristic according to the type of cable elements and roses, which are selected for the connection:

• analog systems of a low category will be used for additional standard roses with a diameter of 3.5 mm (minijack) or two acoustic cables with terminals (black and black - one per skin channel);
• digital audio transmission is required for additional cables that are connected to S / PDIF, HDMI and similar sockets.

What is up to the number of channels, on which the flow of sound information is transmitted sound card, then everything is simpler here. This parameter is determined by the number of columns. Tsya kіlkіst can be changed in wide sizes, can be combined with the following types of acoustic outbuildings:

• frontal - output the main channels, create a larger part of the sound effect, quantity - 2, can be a stereo pair, forming a 2.0 speaker system;
• bichni (satellites) - to add a blazing sound ember;
• posterior - create the effect of sharpening, showing the distance to the neck of the sound, and helping the ear to approximately reveal its rotting in space;
• central - give the sound a resemblance, victorious most often rozpodіlu kanalіv - at its own less column zadnuєtsya zі zі zі zvі dzherela zіlіvnії svіt, and navіt z pomogoyu ієї sієї columns zdіysnyuєєє dіysnyuєєєєєєєєєє ії tsya column zadnuєє zі zі svієєє dzhіrіl sіvnії sound, і іnіt іn аnу pоmogouyu tsієї sієї sії dііsnyuєєєє ії dіysnyuієєє іnіnіа ї її sistema;
• a subwoofer is a special column of great expansions, which reminiscent of the sound with low frequencies, which is in the middle.

Obviously, the number of channels can be changed from 2 - for systems with two front speakers up to 7.1 - for full systems with 6 channels, including satellites and a subwoofer.

Number of speakers

One speaker can be equipped with at least one dynamic vipprominuvachem, but such a scheme does not allow the entire range of sound frequencies to be fully explored. Dynamics in one case can be 1, 2, 3 and, in some cases, wind more.

• low-frequency - vydpovidaє for vіdvorennya nadznіzkoyu region of the sound spectrum - the main speaker, which is in the subwoofer, vin may be even greater;
• mid-frequency - vibrating the main spectrum of sounds;
• high-frequency (tweeter) - creates the best sounds, no more than 2-20 kHz.

Dynamics, whether of some type, may be one or two; ring out, dodatkovy guchnomovets vikoristovuetsya to increase the tightness of the sound. If the entire spectrum of frequencies lies in one dynamic, then such a column is called wide-range.

Prepared materials

It’s not direct to the sound of the sound, but all the same, materials are poured in, from which all the elements of the column are prepared.

Nasampered vpliv maє, zvіsno, yakіst diffuser membrane. It can be made as if from thin plastic, so from a simple paper - whatever material, building vibrating under the cat's body, which is collapsing. For expensive speaker models, titanium can be beaten.

Not less important are the features of the corps. Vіn is guilty of good clay and direct sound whistle. For this, when it is prepared, high-yield plastic is to blame, or wood of medium thickness - chipboard, plywood or fiberboard. In addition, in the middle of the wall of the body, they are covered with sound-clay material. The design has the presence of a phase inverter.

Based on the knowledge of all the factors that add to the quality of the sound, which are seen as speakers, whether a person can choose the best acoustic system for his booth. Ale smut, as it has already been said - rely on your hearing, which you can’t fool by any means.

Good day! We all hear music, we hear it in a different way and in different places - we need help from sound-producing devices: outbuildings that excite mechanical columbine. About the difference, see such things, I will tell you today.

The most popular sound-producing device in the world is the electrodynamic speaker, or simply a speaker. Vіn zustrichaetsya practically skrіz: smartphones, cameras, TVs, buses, trams, headphones, portable speakers, children's toys and phones. Its design is simple and clear: a cat is located in the middle of the permanent magnet, and a sound frequency voltage is applied to it. The coil is zhorstko tied with a diffuser on a pedestal. The diffuser in such a way zbudzhuє mechanical colivannya in the air and we can feel the sound.

Such a design was vikonan as a win, so a short one. Up to pluses you can see:

• simplicity
• arrogance
• variability of expansion and forms
• good low frequency transmission

Down to the minuses:

• great number of creations
• non-linearity of frequency response

Varto also guess such a thing, yak acoustic design: tse, in fact, those who feel like a speaker, yogo body In the form of an acoustic design, lie down those that sound like an electrodynamic speaker and for some purposes vikoristovuvatimetsya. In terms of the dynamics of the sound itself, obviously, it’s the same, but in terms of acoustic design, it’s definitely no less.

Іsnuyut see different acoustic design of the speakers, the main axis of them:

Briefly about the skin.

Close - the speaker closes in the middle (like there is only one) of the wall of an empty box, wooden or plastic sound. At the plus, one can write down the simplicity of the design and the її rozrahunka. The minus has a low CKD (half of the tightness is left in the middle of the box).

Phase inverter - the speaker closes in the middle (like one of the wines) of the empty wall of the box, wooden or plastic, sound with the same margin, which is either above it, on the same wall in the box, try to open or put a pipe. What else is needed? In the middle of the pipe, the chi opening is known as (behind the back of the line) the mass is repeated, yak, in fact, is a different sound. Tobto, the ringing of the dynamics zbudzhuyut, the ringing of not only the sound of the box, but also in the middle. Tsі kolyvannya and go out of the opening, potentiating the tightness, vibrating the light. The pipe also allows you to control the frequency, which is stronger, compensating for the shortfalls in dynamics by yourself.

Shut it down with a passive vibration switch - it’s similar to a phase inverter, but like another vibration switch, it doesn’t just turn around, but the speaker without the ability to crash on its own, so that it’s knocked out of the main active diffuser in a new way. In this order, vin posylyuє nebhіdnі frequency, yakі lie down in yogo rosemіrіv, the course of that mass. Axis is a popular portable column - the walker is equipped with such a vin in the middle.

The horn is a loudspeaker, rebuying in a minimally voluminous case in front of the diffuser; Such miracle speakers are made by the British company FergusonHill and they have a great “dynamic” for the low frequencies in a closed design, and the axis for the midrange and HF is a neimover acrylic horn of the human races. In different horns of small sizes, the clarity of the creation may have a different character, the shards of the horn significantly increase the amplitude of the signal. And yet the axis is loud, with a significant increase in the volume of the horn, this correct form of the building’s wines does not only strengthen, but also improve the quality of the sound of the dynamics. Theoretically, for the help of a horn, you can also use low frequencies, but if you need a horn, you will need truly name-calling Pacific-border sounds, the shards of a sound whistle at a frequency that is extremely low for a person of 20 Hz become 16.5 meters. We need such a mouthpiece ourselves).

Acoustic labyrinth - this type of design is similar to the elements of the horn and bass reflex. There is a pipe in the middle of the box, but it is laid in a "zmіyka" for the nadannya їy greater dozhina, and for example, it ends with a mouthpiece, the axis is like that. Mostly reserved for great concert subwoofers.

Ale sips to perfection, constantly zmushing the human being “harder better faster stronger”

Electrostatic viprominuvacs.

Mi, singsongly, remember, like at school they learned that such a capacitor, so the axis, in 1932 the “capacitor” rotated already building sounds from 20Hz to 20KHz, that is the entire sound range, that is a little human. The truth for reaching sufficient tightness and thickness on low frequencies qі pieces mali buti dosit big:

And small stink the axis of such a design:

So the axis of the stench harmoniously fit into the interior):

The vibration is made up of two stators, and a changeable voltage (musical signal) is applied to them, which is located in the gaps between the stators. A high voltage was applied to the heating (vіd 1000 to 10000). The stators are perforated metal sheet with a transparency of about 50% and covered with a dielectric warehouse (for high voltage and change in the possibility of electrical breakdown between the stator and the smelter).

When the voltage is added to the stators (also up to the high speech), between them the electrostatic field is changed. Zavdyaki tsom plіvka, stacked between stators and may have their own charge, moving now to one stator, then to the other. So, as the stators make perforation, repeat, passing through them, zbudzhu sound whistle.

The slab is crushed with lavsan and maj tovshchina 5-12 microns. So the Japanese company Stax vikoristovuє in their headphones plіvshki 1-3 microns. Plivka may be electrically conductive. It can either be a low opir (they cut metal) or a high one (composite plastic with graphite). Stop giving less encouragement.

Then the charge is warm from such)

At the plus and the electrostats, you can write:

• duzhe equal frequency response
• simplicity of design viprominuvach
• low non-linear damping (shocks of a small mass of the membrane to the fact that the membrane is energized over the entire area)
• ≈number of phase events

Є th minus:

• too low sensitivity
• high-voltage power is required (read potential safety)
• a high-voltage power supply is required (which is expensive)
• number of woofer
• high directivity in the midrange and HF ranges
• it's funny, but to attract electricity to yourself, I drank from a great number

Letting out more importantly dynostatic speakers (woofer-lank speaker):

Yakshcho you tsіkava tsya topic - more є about what to write!

For food, for joy, for comments.

Peace to all and such respect!

If you knew a pardon, be kind, see a fragment of the text and press it Ctrl+Enter.

In this short informational article, we can look at the main technical characteristics speakers, you need to know when choosing car acoustics or making car speakers with your own hands.

The thumbnail below shows the main components of a typical audio speaker:

Let's take a look at the features of the mother of good sound dynamics for car acoustics.

The tight speaker will be provided by two separate sound coils, wound on the same frame. The skin coil can be connected to the adjacent channel on a stereopatch, or it can be connected in series or in parallel and powered from one dzherel. One DVC speaker can replace two great speakers at the same time, if there is more space at a great price.

Filters

Filter - ce electronic circuit at the annex to the audio system, as it allows singing frequencies to pass one hour, blocking others. Active filters to clean components that require additional maintenance. Tse so called operating room subsidiaries(OU) And, ring out, stink in front of the head pidsilyuvachem. Passive filters do not interfere with the components that require life, and ring between the loudspeaker and the speaker.

You see the filters, how they sound victorious in the constructions of audio systems:

• Low pass filters pass low frequencies, attenuate high frequencies.
• Filters high frequencies: Pass high frequency, attenuate low frequencies.
• Regulation of smog transmission: if the frequencies of the posture of the singing range are weakened.

Isobar system of speakers

The name resembles the ancient Greek ἴσος - "same" and βάρος "heavy". In other words - rozpodіlene navantazhennya. This method is based on the choice of two speakers that can be used in tandem to achieve smaller size enclosures with improvements to the design. Theoretically, the VAS (Equivalent Volume Dynamics) for the sub-system will be smaller than the lower two for the other two speakers, as a result of which the hull size will also change twice. The sensitivity of the isobaric system will be the same as the system has one speaker, but you will spend SPL in tightness. Mounted on the “Rozkladachka” station, where the speakers are installed in a V-on-V-CH and one speaker goes into anti-phase to another, similarly the most popular isobar system, which is victorious today, so it’s the easiest to prepare.

Wife Acceptance Factor (WAF)

Zagalom, vіdnositsya to the elements of design, yakі pіdvishchuyut ymovirnіst of what your team praised the purchase. expensive products soft electronics, such as high-acoustic acoustic systems, home cinema personal computers and etc. Stylish, compact form and attractive colors, as a rule, move the WAF level. The term, using jargon slang in electronics, means “Form factor” and “Privacity of forms” and resembles a gender stereotype that people are able to value technical innovations beyond the criteria of efficiency, even as women get visual and aesthetic factors. In other words, a rude view of the fact that you can turn around at home until your good faith and won’t make noise with the drive sane looking your privy.

Subwoofer

The dynamics of appointments for the creation of low sound frequencies of adequate volume. Most subwoofers, or “subwoofers”, as the stench is called, are recognized for work at 80 Hz and lower to equal, de human ear can capture sounds. The bass units of small three-component systems can also be called "subwoofers", but they often fail to produce frequencies below 50 Hz or so.

T/S (Thiel Small) parameters

The units of terms/parameters, which are called vikoristovuyutsya in the description of the characteristics of a particular speaker. Let's widen the T/S parameters the most, with which we stick, є:

Speaker for car radio

Singingly, a lot of Vlasnikov cars chimed those, like vibrating the dynamics for the car radio. A literate choice is not so easy and coherent, as if you know the rules of the song.
The speakers for the car radio are rated according to the main factors, which require protection. About them and about a lot of other things to be mentioned in the article.

The main factors that affect the brightness of speakers

Why do you want leather, light up our minds, come with dynamics? Zvichaynno well, to achieve otrimannya in your salon and sweaty and more headless - pure sound.
Naturally, only the power of the speakers will be insufficient for someone else, even if the impersonal factors are added to the volume of the sound, prote. Yakіsnі dynamіki, pіdіbrаnі competently that vіdpovіdnіst up to the rules, tse foundation of the foundations.
Also, in order to take a clean and voluminous sound, you should protect yourself if you want to b tsі smut factors:

• roztashuvannya dynamіk_v at saloonі cars;
• yakіsna noise and vibration isolation;
• and a lot more.

Tipi columns

First of all, how to deliver a purchase to an acoustics store will come: and how do you give priority to the arrival of speakers, coaxial or components?

coaxial speakers

Component columns are built-in, de high-frequency speakers are also known as mid-range and low-frequency ones. Tse already more professional columns, which allow you to pick out the melody in the warehouse and enjoy the music to the fullest extent.

Note. Navit unintelligible people, like listening to music through the qi dynamics, go ahead and recognize the group of musical instruments, the floorings are all effectively thought out in them. Don’t say varto that the sound quality in these speakers is significantly higher, lower in coaxial ones, but the stench is more expensive.

Component speakers are designed to sound like a singing frequency range. The brightness of the sound is always on the right level of these speakers, and the speakers need to be installed in accordance with the advancing rules.
Father:

• Although the speakers are small in size, they stink only at the upper frequencies (details are written below). To that it is necessary to try to spread them in such a way that the sound of yours is directly on the water or the passenger.
  Feel free to install them on the front panel or on the stand, which would be ideal.
• The loudspeakers will not be installed more in front (if you want and if possible), but the stench will create mid-range and low frequencies. You can easily install it in the door of the car or in the back right on the police warehouse.
  In principle, there is no cost for large-sized loudspeakers.

Column expansion

Obviously, for the importance of food, put the seller at the store. In the car, don’t try to install great remembrances, and the skin keeper is guilty about this memory.
In addition, as soon as the speakers come, the expansion is larger, the lower staff is recognized for the car as a picker, which, having prepared a place for them, will happen to carry out the roads.

Note. It is worth noting that the speakers with a size of 10-13 cm (4-5 inches) along the diagonal of the building produce only high frequencies. And the axis of the column with a size of 16-17 cm (6-6.5 inches) diagonally supports low frequencies.

It can be said that ce and є is the main vіdmіnіst іn rozmirakh. The speakers are great, it would be better for someone to sound better, but it's not an axiom.

Tension

Without a doubt, the most important parameter for dilettantes, they have shown that the stench rises in music. Ale, hurry up and tell them.
It appears that the tightness of the dynamics itself cannot act as a characteristic of the strength. It is necessary to make a rule, for which the tension itself is guilty of picking up, otherwise do not check the pure sound.
Also, the pressure parameter is not responsible for the rules, but lesser for the pressure of the car radio. It's already an axiom, you can't even compete with it.
Loss of vibrancy to the sound and a rich other is the result of an incorrect selection of the tightness of the speakers. On the other hand, the tightness of the speakers is not to blame for the richly changing the parameters of the car radio, which will not bring anything good.
Tension, like this, is taken to be divided into:

• nominal tension;
• maximum tightness;
• peak tension.

The least of the three acts, naturally, nominal tightness, ale won and є the most correct. Deyakі nebrosovіsnі vyrobniki, schob get kієnturu, vykazuyut passport data maximum or peak poguzhnіst.
Indeed, a literate buyer, who knows about the nominal tension, is guilty of shukati these data for the very same meaning, as it was originally and only correct.

Note. The most nominal tension signifies the boundary, in which one can hear music in a voice for a long time.

It is not uncommon for a speaker with a small nominal intensity of building to develop such a level of sound, as if it were harder (be aware that this is more sensitive).
Attenuation cannot act as a single criterion for loud sounding, even if you can move the indicators in one way: by installing an acoustic system with a support of 2.5-3.5 ohms. In addition, great significance may and pіdsiluvach, which is guilty of buti adapting to tightness, otherwise it’s easy to get out of the fret of technology, you didn’t get out of the way, don’t go into it.

Acoustic design

This is one of the most important factors that are added to the sound of creation. Variations in acoustic design seem to be impersonal, but it is customary to divide yoga into two main ones: rozvantazhene and navantazhene.

Note. Rozvantazhenya registration of the transmission of the cold exchanger of the diffuser zhorstkіstyu pіdvіsu. As far as the navantage design, it transfers the fringing of the colivan as a zhorstkistyu pіdvіsu, and th support vippromіnyuvannyu.

In addition, it was adopted to extend acoustically designed on a system of single and hinged doors. For the first one, it is characteristic that the sound is played only on one side of the diffusers, and on the other - on both sides.
Now let's take a look at the most popular types of acoustic design:

• "Closed box" - the speaker cabinet, which is covered with soundproof warehouses, which effectively extinguish the wind. This type of acoustic design is ideal for these music lovers, as in the first place to put it on the first stage, or else, it would be a small loss of sound pressure and everything was compensated by the simplicity of that small size of the dynamics.

• The phase inverter is the whole body, in which a special opening is drilled. Vono responds for the call of the out-of-doors and inner wind.
  Ideally for music lovers, who want to hear the sound better at the same time for two quarters.

• Vіlne acoustically designed, scho transmit vikoristannya great corps, which is playing at the role of the screen.

Other factors

Krіm we have chosen the types of columns, their rozmіrіv i otuzhennostі, іsnuyet іnshі chinniki, bagatma priymayutsya, like drіbnitsa.
But it’s not forgotten that sometimes the bastards themselves vibrate a bag like a match:

• Sensitivity - what is the input sensitivity of the speakers. Tsey parameter chim vin vishchy, tim better.
  Well, I know, it’s not so simple here and don’t get anything wrong, remember that the showman of sensitivity, that it is recommended, is guilty of being in the middle 92.

• FS - no longer resonant purity of creation, which also acts as an ozone factor that flows into the sound. Why is it lower than the value, it is more beautiful and the dynamics can see great bass.
  Normal and recommended values ​​are between 60-75.
• The range of frequencies used is an indicator, which indicates the frequency between. Recommended value is +/- 3 dB.
• QTS - chi quality sound. This factor is also worthy of respect.
  On the right, in that if the speakers will be installed at the door of the car (which is fashionable today), then the value of the quality factor of the speakers can be overestimated by the value of 0.6. In a different way, you can’t sound like a sound and a movie can’t.

Note. The normal correct sound is caused by the attack of people from the front. This is the law of physics, but in a car there is no such thing, to put the speakers in front.

Deyakі vysniki, schopravda, pridryayutsya tse zrobiti, making cardinal constructive changes, adding stіyki and torpedo, but not skin on the gut. At the zv'yazku z tsim the sound of the speakers, installed at the door, takes it to the side at the feet.
Therefore, the indicator of quality factor can be assessed correctly.

Visnovok

For example, our article would like to make a list or choose the algorithm that would be the most correct for the choice.
Father:

• Viznayemo budovu dynamics, vіdshtovhuyuchis vіd vstanovleniâ method and how many smog vіdvorennya sound.
• The speakers are selected from the frequency to technical standards(nominal tension, severity of pidsilyuvacha thinly).
• The correct dimension of the dynamics is not forgotten to be safe, remembering that the standard dimensions are used.
• Choose the speaker maker recommended by the car maker.
• The type of acoustic design is visible.

Instructions on how to install the dynamics directly into the car with your own hands can be easily obtained from the merchant. The process will have the correct photo and video materials.
The price for the dynamics of the buvay rіzna and all lie in the same model, razmіru and technical possibilities.

I live! Today we will tell you about those that mean speakers for cars, so that speakers are victorious for inspiring car audio systems and how they are bred, how to sing, how they suit your needs.

The topic is complex, the article is great. Ale, to understand the essence of the matter in a different way, do not go. Are you ready?

For the cob, briefly about those that are dynamic. As a matter of fact, the linear electrodynamic head transforms the electric sound frequency into mechanical, and the mechanical sound, at its core, creates in the repeated acoustic medium the sound frequency, or, in other words, sound.

The classic speaker is connected to a ruhomy diffuser with a cylindrical coil, as if moving in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet. Being blamed on the example of the twenty years of the last century, this system is so and remains the most popular and universal and even more than a century ago, the system is no longer insignificantly changed and improved. About her and where my rozpovіd.

Rіdkіsnі see

First of all, let's talk about dynamic heads, let's talk about expanding the discussion about other types of acoustic vipprominuvachiv, as they know less popularity in car audio, but still, they are still installed in unique car audio systems.

Electrodynamic rotary (rotary)

The butt can be a Cyclone subwoofer, which was released in 1997 by the American company Phoenix Gold, but this design, for all its originality, did not take root on the market.

P'zoelectric high-frequency heads

Irrespective of the bad characteristics of the sound, there are also a few features of the connection, connected with the great entrance support. There is also little congestion in car audio, often they are heard in headphones through a small volume. However, high-frequency vipprominuvachs can sometimes be disturbed by machines.

electrostatic heads

Electrostatic heads, where the membrane is pierced between two electrical parts, due to the sound quality and naturalness, there are no equal mids of the loud speakers, the proteo great differences and strengths at the great pressure also lead to the extreme rareness of the victories in the car. So it's too much a solution for some kind of home audio systems, we don't have a lot of room.

Isodynamic heads

Similar to the loudspeakers, they sound high-frequency, more mid-frequency, only the coil is not cylindrical, but flat. Such a sound was more coherent, more detailed. From looking at the minimum course of the membrane, the congestion is surrounded by high frequencies or a higher spectrum, but at the lower end of the spectrum, which is suitable for headphones.

Although not often, but on the other hand, in the descriptions of more exotic vipprominuvachiv, isodynamic heads, nevertheless, a few more often find themselves stuck in car audio for the introduction of high frequencies.

Ion-plasma (ionophony, plasmophony)

Іsnuyut zovsіm extraordinary vippromіnjuvachі, for example, ion-plasma, also called ionophones, plasmophones, high-frequency corona discharge of electricity is modulated sound frequency And, in such a rank, the sound is born, consolation of the richness of the shortcomings of the zavdyaki of the lack of inertia of the viprominuvach, even if there are no loose details.

Maybe, it’s still the only type of viprominuvach, who hasn’t once won a car in a car, but, as you know, what progress has brought us to.

Podil according to the range, what is happening

All viprominuvachi can also be divided according to the range that appears.

see Chotiri main ranges:

• subbass, and the lower bass (16-63 Hz) - since if the frequency may be different, you can only play a subwoofer, then this range is also called a subwoofer.
• mid and high bass (63–250 Hz)
• mid-frequency (250–5 thousand Hz), which is also accepted to be divided into the lower middle (250 Hz - 1250 Hz), the middle middle (1250 Hz - 2500 Hz) and the upper middle (2500 Hz - 5 thousand Hz)
• high frequencies (5 thousand Hz - 20 thousand Hz)

Subbass, or lower bass (16-63 Hz)

The acoustic system that creates sub-bass, as it is said above, is called a subwoofer, and the speaker that forms the basis of this acoustic system is a subwoofer speaker, which is also often called simply a subwoofer (subwoofer).

Mid and high bass (63–250 Hz)

For the creation of the middle and upper bass, a low-frequency speaker is called a woofer.

Mid frequencies (250-5 thousand Hz)

Most of all, the speaker, which serves for the creation of the middle and upper bass, copes well with the middle frequencies, and it will also be called a midwoofer (midwoofer), also called the midbass. Since a mid-woofer can sound more often than pure woofers, the term “woofer” has little extension.

For an hour, just “mid” is written for a short time, which you want to hear often, but not to the end, the “mid” shards are still a mid-range speaker.

The range of mid frequencies is played by the midrange (midrange). Just don’t call yoga mid, so you don’t stray with a midwoofer.

High frequencies (5 thousand Hz - 20 thousand Hz)

High frequencies drop a part of the tweeter.

Also, use mid-winders, buildings, as middle, and high frequencies. The breadth of such speakers is not too wide, there are probably more than a dozen models of such speakers, so the term “mid-tweeter” is also not very broad. Calling on those that the total range of the mid-tweeter is already wide, they are also called wide-range or simply “widths”.

In addition, it is still not very popular, but still there are super tweeters, which are recognized for the implementation of the largest high frequency range of approximately 10 kHz.

Visnovok

First, let's move on to the skin type of dynamics, it is necessary to analyze the principle of recognizing the dynamics of that other range. Without going deep into the cause of the details of the next mother on the attack, two postulates:

• The rosemary of the vimpromining surface dynamics is not to blame for overseeing the least of the sickness that is manifested by this dynamic. Sometimes, as a rule, you can break a little, as the listening point is very far away from the viprominuvach.
• What more vіddacha is needed in vippromіnyuvacha and what the lower yоgo range, timrіr vіpromіnyuyuchoї surfіn is guilty buti more.

Vykhodyachi z tsikh two postulates, it became clear why it is impossible to create a single speaker for the entire range of frequencies. Try to create such dynamics, and they will stop, but the versatility of such a power always rests either on those that are too large for the implementation of high frequencies, or too small for low frequencies.

Crimium rozmіrіv sche maє znachennya overbіg diffuser. The lower the frequency and the greater the output, the greater the may buti hid. The higher the frequency and the less delivery, the more often the less.

Podil for the design

Let's move on to a detailed look at all types of speakers, it is necessary to indicate that stinks are also added to diffuser domes.

diffuser

Diffusers can be zhorstki diffusers, which are lifted on the soft movement. Perevagi at high winds, especially at low frequencies. They also look at the high level of detail.

Baths

The domes make a soft bath, the edge of which at once є і podvіsom. The head of the dome is very small, so the introduction of such dynamics is less. However, її vystachaє for the creation of high frequencies from be-what a reasonable volume. Ring the dome speakers with a soft pitch. Hydnist tse chi is not enough - food relish and unambiguous vіdpovіdі on the new one is not.

Visnovok

And stop, what you need to know about the sound, leading our rozmov about the dynamics. The diagram of straightness. She, as if rudely, is called, in some bodily kutі in the head axis, the dynamics of the core is the energy of the sound. Є dynamics that play widely, on all sides. And so, what would be a narrow exchange of vzdovzh wasps.

Here is the same postulate. What frequency is already a straightness diagram. Let's say the subwoofer is almost the same on all sides, even though the tweeter may sound like a straightness diagram. The same rule expands on the mid-tweeter (“widths”), for which the high frequencies sound loudly, and the middle frequencies - wide, wanting to sound stink at once from one viprominuvach.

І axis, since we have understood all the principles of that, let's move on to a detailed look at the dynamics, like zastosovuyutsya in car audio.

Dynamics that get stuck in car audio

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Let's start with high frequencies. The lowest, highest frequencies. І thoughts about those and other high-frequency devices in different people of different countries. Short entry. More than once I note that the greater the frequency range, the greater the significance of the individual relish and hearing, which, with its blackness, is distinguished by the century.

As for subwoofers, different people may have more thoughts, about the midbass, the thoughts are less similar, but still they think in the bedroom. About the mid-frequency bands, the tastes are even less. I tweeters here to stand on an independent position.

More than that, even though it is possible to decide about the sound of all the dynamics, even if it is not enough, but if you allow for random characteristics, then it is practically impossible to understand anything about the sound of the tweeters in absentia. Tilki special dosvid listen to help formulate your idea.

Larger tweeters of the building sound like a mid-range high frequency, and the upper middle.

The tweeters are like diffusers and domes. The expansion of the bath or diffuser for most tweeters should be 1-1.5 inches (2.5-3 cm), although the expansion of the outer flange for some models should reach 4 inches (10 cm).

The diffuser tweeters, through their particular detail of sounding, are over-the-top powerful to the point of being prepared. The skin of the virobnik's prorahunok is non-permeable here, the shards turn into a harsh uncomfortable sound.

That is why such a construction of tweeters is a little wider and less stagnant in expensive models, where everything is relabelled, distorted and prepared. I can’t wake up to everyone’s mind until like it can appear in an unsoundly detailed sound.

It is also not easy to install a diffuser tweeter, so it may sound a narrow straightness diagram and turn the relay request for optimal straightening. The advantage of higher directness diagrams with a competent installation is a smaller number of translations.

In the middle of the diffuser tweeters, not only electrodynamic heads (classic dynamics), but also isodynamic, about yakі it was on the cob of the stat. Such varieties are considered with maximum accuracy, almost all possible shortcomings are relieved.

However, these tweeters can sound only at higher frequencies, but at the same time, the range at the bottom of the surroundings is 10-12 kHz, which makes the mid-frequency band more comfortable, the building is so high. Due to their vibrating ability at higher frequencies, such vibrators are commonly called supertweeters.

So, before the diffuser tweeters, you can bring in more horn ones, so the titles of the popular tweeters, as if they are aired by a great loudness and a narrow diagram of straightness, which does not allow you to use the loudness of the air.

Such tweeters may be less sensitive when listening in the far zone, and more likely to be blocked in other car systems. The lower range also sounds more high, for the widest models it becomes approximately 8 kHz.

Dome tweeters are the widest. Breathable with softness, lower diffuser, flow and a wide straightness diagram. Trochs are smaller in the installation, trochs are turned to the virobnik, and inexpensive additional options are used for this.

Top models of dome tweeters do not compromise in detail and quality to diffuser sound. For fans of car audio, who are starting, I would strongly recommend installing the dome tweeters themselves.

midrange

For the implementation of the mid-frequency range, both dome and diffuser models are installed.

Baths

Mid-range baths may sound 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) wide.

Pluses and minuses

• Sounds do not cope with the lower middle, their range of sounding starts at about 1-1.5 kHz, then uphill buildings can be even higher and sometimes you can play with super tweeters.
• Also, you can add a high natural sound to the voice, like in a situation with dome tweeters, a wide straightening diagram, less flatness, lower in diffuser ones, straight up to rotting.
• The transparency of the installation is served by the fact that the domed mid-range speakers do not have to work for themselves, which allows you to save space.
• Nedolіkami є, as I have already said, the high lower range of work and less possibility of thickness, especially when trying to zmusiti їх grati lower.

diffuser

The diffuser mid-range speakers are the widest. Їx size become sound 2.5-4 inches (5.5-10 cm).

Pluses and minuses

• Chi zdatnі grati low, s 500-600 Hz, and hour і s 200-250 Hz.
• The potential for quality will turn over the twin baths. As a rule, their sound is energetic, large-scale.

The peculiarities of the installation of diffuser mid-frequency speakers make it necessary to create an acoustic design for it as a closed obsyag behind the dynamics of the acoustic screen and a larger selection of optimal direct. Vtіm, it is directly deposited in the diagrams of straightness, as if it is already differently deposited in the specific model.

Okremo varto win respect for the variety of mid-range speakers.

Estradni

Їx rozmіr reach an hour to 8 inches (20 cm) and more. As a rule, the stench of the building is at 200 Hz, moreover it is louder. Even more hostile. One bida. In traditional systems, it is often seen mid-bass and majestic, not high and low, mid-range speakers are compensated for, which is impossible for obvious mirkuvan.

Mіdtvіteri ("widths")

A hybrid of a midrange and a high frequency is a mid-tweeter. These are the dynamics of the building and the middle and high frequencies.

Also use dome and diffuser models.

Baths

In fact, they are overgrown tweeters. The stench sounds wonderfully cope with high frequencies, and down the buildings are approximately equal to the dome mid-range frequencies, up to 1-1.5 kHz.

diffuser

Navpaki, more similar to mid-range speakers, also emphasize acoustic design, building sound approximately 500 Hz, and sometimes lower, only їх size sound 2.5 (5.5 cm) so loudly and on a large scale, like 3-4 inch mid-range speakers.

And high frequencies are rich in why lie in the installation of that other sound path (pidsilyuvacha, processor).

Bewith midwives

Okremo want to see the importance of the mid-air of the Japanese company Bewith, which is the most far realized qiu idea and foolishly cope with the usual input range. In addition, the speakers of these firms are ventilated by an asymmetric diffuser, which creates a straightness diagram in a bik, which trochs are blown into the axis, which supplementary ability nalashtuvannya just wrapping dynamics.

Perevagi

The advantages of the systems with variable mid-tweeters are rich: the choice of statics between divisions, as in the case with a trismog front, mid-frequency speakers and tweeters. Tsya vіdsutnіst often ask nalashtuvannya help to draw even more clearly and clearly sound images. The system is simpler in the middle with a tri-swept front, the higher is the temple and the sound stage is stable, lower in the slope with a strong double-swept front.

Nedoliki

Not to say that it is short, but the peculiarity of the middle wind is the impossibility of regulating the level of the middle and high frequencies. Calling on individual peculiarities of hearing that through different vіku Tse may appear short. Prote it’s possible, what separate regulation and do not need and the sound will come like it is not possible to relish.

Visnovok

Especially my thought, that the double front with the mid-tweeter victorious is more powerful, the lower double front with the mid-woofer and the tweeter. However, the whole thing is my thought, to which you can listen, but you can not. There are plenty of other favorite genres to lay around here. For jazz, blues, vocal music, the mid-tweeter will be an additional sound.

Midwoofer і woofer

I guess, the difference is that the midwoofer (midbass) of the building is low and medium frequencies, and the woofer is turned off at low frequencies. On top of the midranges and tweeters, the midbass is no longer domed, their design is very diffuse. Rozmir midbass starts from 5 inches (13 cm) and reaches 9 inches (23 cm). Largest Width 6.5 inches (16.5 cm)

Acoustic design

Fallow in terms of characteristics, and in terms of parameters of Till-Small (in honor of the greats of A.N. Thiele and R.H. Small), zocrema in terms of overall quality factor and any other ones to deposit those that require acoustically designed midbass.

There may be three: on all doors, a closed drawer or a drawer with a phase inverter. It is not easy to put a box at the door, and it is wise to pick the pickers. Therefore, the majority of models of car midbass are created with a rosary grille on the door. The absolute quality factor (Qts) of such speakers can be no less than 0.55-0.6 and no more than 0.7.

Low frequency range

The value is especially significant at frequencies close to the main resonance of the speaker (Fs). The farther away you choose the lower range of the midwoofer from the frequency of the main resonance, the less significant will be the value of the quality factor and the exact choice of acoustic design. However, raising the frequency of the lower sound, midbass, we use bass capacity, which is also unbearable.

So it’s all right to pick up the speakers and acoustically design them.

Midrange

As far as the mid-frequency range, which is necessary to take into account the midbass, it is necessary to correct the straightness diagram. At medium frequencies, it won't be lower than the low ones. Given that the midbass is often set even lower, then in order to minimize the losses in the mid-frequency range, it is necessary to organize so the ranks of the rotation, so that the entire dynamics of the troch can be turned to the ear.

Estradniy midbass

If you are talking about the national midbass, then first you need to recognize the power of the Achilles heel of the national automotive systems. Yakshcho, for the frying of the Guchny Seredines of the Ido frequencies, is not the same as the great dinamikiv, they have a small XID, ї not a little thunder -free acoustics, then the mildbasovy diapason, the buildings of the di -dimensions for the temple of the romobis, and the abbess of the same auto.

As much as we have great respect for the right variety acoustics, and for the concert system itself, then it’s worth respecting the midbass 12-15 inches (30-38 cm) and larger, there are drawers with phase inverters in some rosemaries.

It is impossible to put it at the door of the car. It would be logical to use it in the trunk, but it’s rare to roar like that and the subject of the okremo ї rozmovi, about which I will rozpovіm in other articles.

Visnovok

So it’s too much, but still, it’s like putting a great midbass at the door and don’t wind up the mid-bass speakers for that thickness, for the stench of the building, otherwise, as if to shy away more often, just don’t put the mid-bass, surrounded by mid-range speakers. Such a sound is hot and thick, but dry and noisy. Unfortunately, such a sound itself is the first association among the uninitiated with the concept of “car audio”. Believe me, it’s not just like that, I want to shy away so often.

coaxial speakers

Poednannya all ranges in one vipprominuvachi can be not only one speaker, but also dekilkom. Before the midbass on the yoga axis, there is a high-frequency speaker, and another mid-range speaker. In principle, such a construction can be practiced.

However, through your own expansion, there are few people who can spread high, de may buti tweeter, and spread low at the door also doesn’t make sense, the tweeter doesn’t sound good.

Visnovok

In this way, coaxial speakers in cars are less likely to be heard in illiterate systems for a rare blame. Virobniki ce rozumіyut, that practically do not allow akіsnіh coaxial dynamіkіv, rozrahovoyuchi, scho scho non-written system nіhto high capacity components i are not set.

So the speakers sound to put "schob bulo". Abo rozmіshchuyut at the back of the police. About the placement of the speakers, it will be a good article, ale, looking ahead, I’ll say what a tilova acoustic system only needed for listening to rich-channel music and rewatching the video. For a system accredited for listening to great music, the sound system is just bad.

Subwoofer

I’m guessing that this is how the speaker itself is called for creating a sub-bass, so the speaker at the assembly with the case, and sometimes called the sub-bass speaker. About everything in order.

Active subwoofer

The lowest class of subwoofers. The same wine and go in your own and speaker and box and pidsiluvach.

Graє ugly. Lovers of richness do not take away from the new thickness, lovers of brilliance do not take away from the new brilliance. For statistics, more important is quiet, who, having added and installed an active subwoofer, will soon be able to get excited and probably sell at a flea market, de їх at a surplus.

I would not like to buy such a subwoofer, but if you don’t believe me, you can take such a sample from these flea markets. I sing, in a few days you will write your own voice about sales of the same horn.

Subwoofer at the finished box

Tse vzhe trohi is more beautiful for an active subwoofer. An imperceptible listener can be satisfied with the correct selection and installation of such an extension. So, if you just want a bass pod trick of clumsy dance music - you can take it.

Okremium subwoofer speaker

Subwoofer speaker, which is sold separately independent preparation for a new acoustic design - the best option.

Since you know exactly what you want in terms of sound, choose the way for yourself. You can make the box yourself, or turn to fahivtsiv.

Visnovok

Even more rudely, then the subwoofer can be subdivided mentally on te, which plays loudly and on te, which plays loudly.

For a yakіsny subbass, subwoofer speakers with a diameter of 10-12 inches (25-30 cm) with a light diffuser and a remarkably small stroke are used. Acoustic design for such sounds - the screen is closed.

To take away the high volume of the sub-bass, subwoofer speakers 12-18 inches (30 - 46 cm) with a massive diffuser and a long stroke, which can be seen from the wide diffuser extension (lip), are used. For decoration, sound a box with a Helmholtz resonator (phase inverter).

About the acoustic design of subwoofers and about those who choose subwoofer speakers, you can say a lot and for a long time, but do not fall within the scope of this article.

Visnovok

All of the above is assumed.

Speakers for the car are without a face. In order to be appointed by choice, varto comes out of needs and opportunities. Chi will be a system for sour sound for water, or a system for booming sound on the streets, or for participation in the magic on the rіven of the sound grip.

It also depends on where the dynamics can be expanded, whether it is possible to filter the necessary frequencies for the skin dynamics, and how to enter the warehouse of the audio system.

A report about those, how to choose an audio system for quiet needs, will be discussed in other articles. And today we have become less familiar with different car drivers and no less than speakers.