Turning on the LDS without a throttle and a starter. Connecting fluorescent lamps without choke and starter. Starter principle

The scheme for switching on fluorescent lamps is richly folded, lower for heating lamps.
The zapaluvannya will require the presence of special launching devices, and in view of the quality of the installation of these devices, the term for the operation of the lamp should be deposited.

In order to understand how to start up the system, it is necessary to familiarize yourself earlier with the attachment of the lighting fixture itself.

The fluorescent lamp is equipped with a gas-discharge lamp of light, the light flow of which is formed mainly for the light beam of the phosphor applied to the inner surface of the bulb.

When the lamp is turned on in mercury vapor, which is how the test tube is filled, an electronic discharge is generated and that viniclo, with which ultraviolet light, is injected into the coating of the phosphor. In this case, the transformation of the frequencies of the invisible ultraviolet vibration (185 and 253.7 nm) into the vibration of the visible light occurs.
Qi lamps may have low energy savings and become very popular, especially in virobnicheskih applications.

Schemes

When fluorescent lamps are connected, a special start-regulating equipment is used - PRA. There are 2 types of control gear: electronic - EPRA (electronic ballast) and electromagnetic - EMPRA (starter and throttle).

Scheme of connection from the stopover of the electromagnetic ballast or EmPRA (throttle and starter)

Main shortfalls

• Porivnyannі zі scheme with electronic ballast has 10-15% more electricity wattage.

• Long start-up no less than 1 to 3 seconds (due to lamp wear)

• Unsuitable for low temperatures dovkilla. For example, a charge in the garage, so you don’t get scorched.

• The stroboscopic result of the flashing of the lamp, which is filthy pouring onto the surface, moreover, the details of the layout, which are wrapped synchronously with the frequency of the merge, are made unruly.

• The sound of the buzzing of the throttle plates, which grows with the hour.

Switching circuit with two lamps and one inductor. It should be noted that the inductance of the inductor is to blame but sufficient for the dimming of these two lamps.
It should be noted that in the last circuit of switching on two lamps, starters for 127 Volts are used, stinks will not work in a single-lamp circuit, for which starters for 220 Volts are needed.

Tsya scheme is de, like a bachite, there is no starter or throttle, it is possible to stop the lamps and burn out the roasting threads. In such a situation, it is possible to ignite the LDS for the help of a moving transformer T1 and capacitor C1, which surrounds the strum, which flows through the lamp through the 220-volt line.

This scheme is all for the same lamps, for which the threads of roasting have burnt out, but here it’s not necessary to move the transformer, which will obviously simplify the design of the extension.

And the axis of such a circuit from the stoppage of the diode vipryamny bridge is usuvaє її merekhtinnya lamps with the frequency of the measure, as it becomes even more memorable when її old.

or more foldable

If your lamp has a viyshov in a fret, a starter or a lamp flashes constantly (at once with a starter, it’s possible to be surprised at the starter housing) and under the hand of a dumb man, replace it, you can light the lamp without it - enough for 1-2 seconds. short-circuit the starter contacts or insert button S2 (carefully unsafe voltage)

the very same vipadok, but already for a lamp with a burnt thread.

Scheme of connection from the stopover of the electronic ballast or ballast

Electronic Starter Control Device (EPRA) to control the electromagnetic supply to the lamps of a voltage not of a transverse frequency, but of a high-frequency one at 25 to 133 kHz. And tse povnistyu include the possibility of the appearance of a merekhtinnya lamps for the eyes. In the EPRA there is a self-oscillating circuit that turns on the transformer and the output cascade on transistors.

Energy-saving luminescent lamps are more and more removed from the counters of old heating lamps. And it’s not surprising, even if they allow you to significantly save on paying for electricity, it’s not necessary to buy and buy them so often. With the light of a fluorescent lamp, there may be richer ergonomic indicators: it is better for the eye, it is not so harsh for the new one, as it is lighter than the light from the heating lamps.

There, it is necessary to regularly visualize the working area and spend an hour working with piece lighting, the best option bude lamp daylight, Scheme of connection which may have its own peculiarities. Who can get a little short of those that the connection of such lamps may have some nuances, but having become aware of reporting instructions With the help of images, such a lamp can be practically leather.

For connecting luminescent lamps (linear lamps) with an electromagnetic ballast (ballast, throttle), it is necessary to switch the starter. For the connection of a single lamp, we can look at the butt with the S10 starter. Modern design in union with the most famous dielectric case, which does not light up, with a macrolon, to fire its attachment with one of the most important and in demand in its own niche.

Starter functions at the scheme of steps:

• security at the lance, for lightening the burning of the fire, the electric lamps are fired;
• ensuring the breakdown of the gas gap with a path to open the lancet after a sufficient heating of the electrodes, for which a high-voltage impulse and water breaks are called out.

Throttle (PRA) Necessary for vykonannya upcoming tasks:

• strumu exchange for an hour of starter electrodes flickering;
• per rahunok e.d.s. self-induction, which is due to the moment when the starter electrodes are switched off, the necessary voltage impulse is generated for the breakdown of the discharge lamp;
• ensuring a stable furnace of the wind discharge after the lamp is lit.

For the diagram below, a lamp with an intensity of 36 (40) W was taken, therefore a choke (PRA) of the same intensity and a starter S10 were taken, the intensity of which is 4-65 W.

The connection must be carried out in the same way to the scheme for the little one, and itself:

1. to the pin output contacts of the linear fluorescent lamp, which are connected with the threads of the ignition bulb, connect the starter in parallel;
2. to connect the starter to the vicorist, one pin vynovka on the skin end of the lamp;
3. to the free contacts of the lamp, which are left out, it is connected, also in parallel, inductive choke (PRA);
4. Parallel to the life-giving outputs (contacts), the lamps are connected to the obov'yazkovo: the wine will be charged for compensating for tension (reactive), as well as for lowering the switch to the electrical circuit.

Connection of fluorescent lamps without starter for auxiliary ballast

Electronic ballasts (EPRA) for luminescent lamps, or otherwise ballast, are necessary for connecting a lamp to the yard and, in fact, play the role of a changer. The need for this element is based on the design features and the principle of operation of the self-luminescent gas-discharge lamp, like a lamp with a negative support.

The lamp can be out of tune when it is served on a high jet. When a lamp light is connected behind the auxiliary ballast, that saving is ensured within the allowable ranges of the voltage parameters for the lighting fixture. The special features of the EPRA are those that do not require more than anything to turn on the lamp, including the starter.

A starterless circuit for switching on fluorescent lamps from blocking the ballast ensures:

• improvement of reliability and durability of a robotic lamp;
• in the midst of the gulu that merekhtinnya.

The unparalleled advantages of EPRA are small dimensions and visual versatility in the case of electromagnetic chokes, which are required for all parameters.

Dotrimanny pevnyh recommendations allow without special zusil to the home master. It is necessary to change the type of lighting, the total intensity, the reserve of life blocks and RGB lighting.

Sob to know, de you can stop LED lamps enough to read in the minds of butovs.

Sound ballasts are sold in sets with the necessary wires and connectors (metal clips), as well as models for manually connecting two fluorescent lamps at a time.

The electronic circuit for connecting luminescent lamps is shown below. It is relevant for new and much more energy efficient lamps of the T8 and T5 types.

Launch process lamps can be mentally divided into three stages (similarly to other ways of switching on):

• warming up the electrodes for a dbaylivishy start-up, also, for saving the life of the lamp;
• pulse generation high voltage, necessary for zaplyuvannya;
• stabilization and further supply of the necessary working voltage.

Zavdyaky included in the scheme of starterless installation of fluorescent lamps of the IR2153 microcircuit, a system protection was implemented in the event of a burnout, or after the inclusion of a lamp, for blocking the operation of power transistors.

Two-lamp circuit for connecting fluorescent lamps

On the butt of two 18-watt fluorescent lamps, we can see what is needed for the connection and how to carry out the work. The wiring diagram for the designated wires is shown below.

To connect two luminescent lamps in series, you need:

• 2 fluorescent lamps (in to this particular type intensity 18/20 W);
• Induction choke (for the described circuit, the intensity is 36/40W);
• 2 starters S2 (4-22W).

For the cob to the skin of the linear luminescent lamps, a starter is connected in parallel. For this, it is necessary to insert one pin exit from two ends of the skin lamp. The other contacts, which have been left out, are connected sequentially, through an induction electromagnetic choke, until the electric supply line.

In order to compensate for the reactive pressure, and also to reduce the overshoot, which is regularly blamed for being in the electrical circuit, capacitors are connected to power the contacts of the lamps in parallel. However, keep in mind that the contacts of a lot of standard butt-button vimics, especially inexpensive ones, can stick in high launch jets.

Vodiyam and motorists often have to stick to the top of nutrition. There are some ways to grow, both for the help of additional accessories, and without them.

You can find out about the different methods of rechecking the generator, but correctly install home measure the generator will help the corisne.

Today's ballasts are small in size and are equipped in such a way that they not only connect lamps, but also ensure safety and security of robotic circuits, protect against voltage drops and other factors. For the help of electronic circuits, it is possible to implement the connection of folding systems, for example, the lighting of advertising stands, to organize the lighting of the great industrial warehouses.

Also, luminescent technologies and the connection of linear dzherel light vicorist in medical mortgages, office premises. Here, ballasts allow you to ensure uninterrupted lighting, safety, ease and efficiency of replacing lamps that have burned out (they have destroyed their resource).
Given the peculiarity of the design of the lamps themselves and the electronic current chokes, they ensure the high efficiency and economy of such technologies. To this, the trend of the widespread transition to modern ecological and economical luminescent lamps is obvious.

Schemes and methods of connection are not foldable, they require a minimum of possession and additional. elements, which are always known to the vіdkritoy sale.

Video review from a description of one of the ways to turn on a lamp light - 220 Volt

Not long ago, marveling at the whole box of burned-out energy-saving lamps, mainly with electronics, almond threads, which burned out, I burned out a fluorescent lamp, and thinking - I need to blow all the good stuff. As you can see, LDS with burnt threads of roasting needs to live with a straightened streak of merezhі with a starter-free addition to the launch. At the same time, the threads of the roasting of the lamp are shunted with a jumper and a high voltage is applied to the yak to turn on the lamp. It feels colder to light the lamp, sharply increases the voltage on it, at start-up without front heating of the electrics.

If you want to be ignited with cold electrodes, more important mode, lower switching on, this method allows you to burn a luminescent lamp for lighting for a long time. As you can see, lighting a lamp with cold electrodes will increase the voltage up to 400...600 V. It is possible to implement it directly, the voltage will be higher than the input string 220V. Like a ballast, a very low-power light bulb is installed, and if you want to change the lamp instead of the throttle, the economy of such a lamp will be reduced, so you can turn the lamps on the voltage of 127 and її turn on the lamp in the lansy of a steady stream, I’ll last.

Diodes be-yakі vipryamlyauchі, on a voltage vіd 400V and strum 1А, it is possible and radyanski brown KC-shki. Capacitors are also with a working voltage of at least 400V.

Danish attachment is used as a voltage susceptor, the voltage is removed, which is added to the cathode - the anode of the LDS. After the ignition of the lamps, the attachments switch to the mode of double-wave rectification with active voltage and the voltage, however, is divided between the lamps EL1 and EL2, which is valid for LDS with a voltage of 30 - 80 W, which may work at an average voltage of about 100 V. With such a light circuit, the lamp Roasting becomes approximately a quarter of the flow of LDS.

For a fluorescent lamp with an intensity of 40 W, a heating lamp of 60 W, 127 V is required. And for LDS with a power of 30 W, two lamps can be heated for 127 to 25 W skin, turning them on in parallel. The light flux from two lamps is about 17% of the light flux of LDS. Such an increase in the light flow of the lighting lamp in a combined lamp is explained by the fact that the stench works at a pressure close to nominal, if their light flow is close to 100%. At that very hour, when the pressure on the lamp is heated, it is close to 50% of the nominal, their light flux becomes less than 6.5%, and the tension is reduced - 34% of the nominal.

I have already said more than once that the impersonal speeches, which will make us feel like we were, could have been realized richer earlier, but I have only recently come to our wake. Everyone stuck with fluorescent lamps - such big cradles with two pins on the ends. Do you remember how the stench got in earlier? You press the key, the lamp begins to blink and you are about to enter your own mode. Tse really fought, they didn’t set up similar contraption like budinki. We put at communities, at the factories, in offices, at the workshops of factories - the stench is just economical in the fire with the most powerful lamps. The axis only blinked stench with a frequency of 100 times per second, and a lot of blinks were marked, which worked even more. Well, even to start up to the skin lamp, relying on a ballast throttle, such a small light with a weight of a kilo. If the fault of the choice is not enough, then it is necessary to finish the bridko dzizhchav, also with a frequency of 100 hertz. And what about dozens of such lamps in the application, de vie? How many hundreds? І all qi tens in-phase turn on-mimic 100 times per second and throttle jiggle, let it go and not all. Didn't it get in the way?

Ale, in our hour it can be said that the era is trembling, that the blinking and blinking (like at the start, so at the robot) of the lamps has ended. At the same time, the stench turns on immediately and for the human eye, the robot looks completely static. The reason is the replacement of important throttles and starters, which periodically stick, the turnover has increased EPRA - electronic ballasts. Little ones are easy. However, with one more look at them wiring diagram, vinikaє pitanya: and scho zavozditi їх mass release more like the 70's 80's? Adzhe, the entire elemental basis was already the same. Vlasne, krim of two high-voltage transistors, there are the simplest details, literally a copy of the vartost, like a bule in the 40s. Well, the Soviet Socialist Republic, here the virobnitstvo weakly reacted to technical progress (for example, lamp TVs were taken out of virobnitstva only like the 80s), but on Zakhodі?

Otzhe, in order.

The standard circuit for switching on a fluorescent lamp, like practically everything in the twentieth century, was invented by the Americans ahead of the Other World War and included a cream lamp, already designed by us a throttle and a starter. So, in parallel, they hung a capacitor to compensate for the phase noise, which should be brought in by a choke or by hanging even more with a simple wash, for correcting the pressure coefficient.

Throttle and starter

The principle of the robotic system is cunning. At the moment of closing the button on the lance, the tread-button-throttle-first spiral-starter-friend of the spiral-trim starts a weak strum - approximately 40-50 mA. Weak to that, at the beginning of the moment, the operation between the contacts of the starter is great. However, this weak strum caused ionization of the gas between contacts and began to grow sharply. Vid Tsoogo Elektrodi Starter Rosigrevy, and there are one of them in the bicetal, tobto ware out the cowstock in the zyaznoye zmin parameter vid thermal rods (rihnim of thermal rosshiren - KTRA with a different electrode. The strum near the lansyug grows sharply (up to 500-600 mA), but all the same, it’s the same speed of increase and the end value of the throttling inductance, the dampness of the inductance - the purpose and power of the pereskodzhati mittevu inductive strum. That's why the throttle in this scheme is officially called "ballast". Tsey great strum rozіgіvaє spiralі lamps, yakі begin vipromіuvat elektronі and pіdіgіvat gas sumіsh seredinі balon. The lamp itself is filled with argon and mercury vapor - it is important for the mind to achieve a stable discharge. I realized that when the contacts at the starter fail, a discharge is attached to the new one. The entire description of the process really takes a fraction of a second.

Now naytsіkavіshe is repairing. Cooled starter contacts open. Ale in the throttle is already stored energy - equal to half the creation of yoga inductance per square struma. Vaughn can’t just appear (a marvelous thing about inductance), and that’s why I’ll appear in the EPC choke of self-induction (simply it seems - a voltage pulse of about 800-1000 volts for a 36-watt lami per 120 cm. of a windmill). Adding up to the amplitude stringing voltage (310 V), it creates enough voltage on the electrodes of the lamp for breakdown - that is for the discharge. The discharge at the lamp creates an ultraviolet light of mercury vapor, and it pours its blackness onto the phosphor and flickers and glows in the visible spectrum. When you guess again, the choke, lightening the inductive opir, passing the uncircumcised growth of the struma in the lamp, which would lead to a її ruinuvannya or spratsovuvannya zahishny automatic machine at your booth or other place, de exploitation of similar lamps. Respectfully, that the lamp does not start igniting the first time, sometimes it is necessary to have a sample, so that it will change the stable regime of light, so these processes, as we have described, are repeated 4-5-6 times. What, really, is unacceptable to finish. Since the lamp has switched to the light mode, the opir becomes significantly smaller, the lower opir of the starter, so you can pull it up, the lamp will continue to shine. Well, if you choose a starter, then run it in parallel to connect the capacitor. Vіn nebhіdny easing of the radio transmission code made by the contact.

So, even more briefly and without deepening into theory, let's say that a fluorescent lamp is turned on with a larger voltage, and it fades in the camp, which glows significantly less (for example, it turns on at 900 volts, glows at 150). So be it an attachment to the inclusion of a fluorescent lamp - it’s an attachment that creates a great voltage of switching on at її kintsy, and after the lamp is lit, it changes from yogo to a singing working value.

Tsya american switching scheme was actually single and less than 10 years ago, the monopoly began to rapidly collapse - the electronic ballasts (electronic ballasts) massively increased the market. The stench allowed not only to replace the important throttles, to jiggle, to ensure that the lamp was turned on, but also to introduce a mass of other brown speeches such as:

- soft start of lamps - forward heating of spirals, which sharply increases the term of lamp operation.

- Podolannya mehtinnya (the frequency of the lamp life is significantly higher than 50 Hz)

- Wide range of input voltage 100 ... 250 V;

- Decreased energy supply (up to 30%) with constant light flow;

- Improvement of the average term of lamp service (by 50%);

- Zakhist vіd stribkіv naprugi;

- Ensure the availability of electromagnetic shifts;

- pro the number of switches in the switching streams (important, if a lot of lamps are turned on at the same time)

— automatically mute defective lamps (important, attachments are often afraid of idling robots)

- KKD yak_sny EPRA - up to 97%

- regulation of brightness of lamps

Ale! All these services are sold only in expensive EPRA. And vzagali, not everything is so bezkhmarno. To be more precise - everything is possible and it would be shameless, as if the EPR schemes were worked out in a right way. And it's obvious that the electronic ballast (EPRA) is to blame, but it's not less expensive, lower throttle, especially if it's 2-3 times more expensive. In the “colossal” scheme, it is composed of a throttle, a starter and the lamp itself, and the throttle itself (ballast element) is the most important and, zagal, when folded in a similar way, it is practical forever. Radyansky drosels of the 60s of the rokiv pratsyut dosі, the stench of the great wounded with tovstim drot. Analogous to the parameters of imported throttles, such manufacturers like Philips do not work on flooring. Why? Calling out the suspicion of a thin wire, like a stink wound. Well, the core itself is significantly smaller for the lower ones in the first Radian Throttles, so the Throttles are already heated up strongly, so, maybe, they also add to the superficiality.

So, so the axis, how can I get it, EPRA, take it cheap - so it costs up to 5-7 dollars apiece (which is more lower than the throttling), zrobleny is clearly not necessary. Nі, stink can pratsyuvati fates and navit pratsiuvatimut forever, but here it’s like a lottery - I’m going to lose where I can win more. The roads of the EPR are shattered by mentally-advanced ones. Why is it “mentally” peaceful for a little bit a year. Let's do it little glance from the cheap ones. Like on me, so the stench becomes 95% of the ballasts that bathe. And maybe, and maybe 100%.

Let's take a look at some of these schemes. Before speech, all "cheap" schemes are practically the same for the design, although there are nuances.

Cheap electronic ballasts (EPRA). 95% sales.

Similar to the type of ballast, the cost of 3-5-7 dollars is simply to turn on the lamp. Whom the field has the same function. You can’t do any other brown bells and whistles. I made a couple of diagrams to explain how the new-fangled wonder works, although we said more, the principle of operation is the same as in the “classic” throttle version - ignited by a great tension, utrimuemo small. Axis of only wine implementations in a different way.

All circuits of electronic ballasts (EPRA) as if I were in my hands - and cheap and expensive - were a sip - they were divided only as a control option and "binding". Also, the changed voltage of 220 volts is rectified by the diode bridge VD4-VD7 and smoothed out by the capacitor C1. At the input filters of cheap electronic ballasts, through the economy of price and time, capacitors of small capacity are wicked, in order to store the magnitude of the ripple voltage with a frequency of 100 Hz, despite the fact that the size is approximately the following: 1 watt of a lamp - 1 μF of filter capacity This circuit has 5.6 microfarads per 18 watts, which is clearly less, lower required. To that (though not only that), to the point of speech, the lamp shines visually dark under the expensive ballast on the same darkness.

Then, through a high-resistance resistor R1 (1.6 MΩ), the capacitor C4 begins to charge. If the voltage is exceeded by the threshold of the bidirectional dinistor CD1 (approximately 30 volts), the voltage pulse breaks through the base of the transistor T2. Turning on the transistor gives the start of a robotic nap_bridge oscillator equipped with transistors T1 and T2 and a transformer TR1 with windings that are controlled by turning on anti-phase. Sound the number of windings by 2 turns, and the winding is 8-10 turns away.

Diodes VD2-VD3 extinguish negative vikidi, which are blamed on the windings of an electric transformer.

Later, the generator starts at a frequency close to the resonant frequency of the sequential circuit, installed by capacitors C2, C3 and inductor C1. Tsya frequency can be increased to 45-50 kHz, if you use more, it’s definitely not possible for me to change it, I didn’t have an oscilloscope at hand. It is important to respect that the capacity of the capacitor C3 connected between the electrodes of the lamp is approximately 8 times less than the lower capacity of the capacitor C2, also, reducing the voltage on a new one in the style and times higher (scaling 8 times greater smaller capacity). The axis of why the voltage of such a capacitor must be chosen not less than 1000 volts. At the same time, with the same lancet, Ide and strum, that the electrics are playing. If the voltage on the capacitor C3 reaches the same value, then the lamp will light up. After the ignition of the її opіr becomes significantly smaller, the support of the capacitor C3 і does not give the robot any further. The frequency of the generator is also reduced. Throttle L1 yak and at the same time with the "classic" choke, now it has the function of submerging the stream, but the lamp is working high frequency(25-30 kHz), then expand yoga is significantly less.

Zovnіshnіy looking to the ballast. It can be seen that the board does not have soldered elements. For example, there, where I soldered the strumming resistor after the repair, there is a dart jumper.

One more varib. Invisible virobnik. Here they didn’t donate 2 diodes to robiti “piece zero”.

"Sevastopol scheme"

It's such a thought that it's cheaper to kill the Chinese, don't kill anyone. I tezh buv u tsiomu peven. Don’t worry, until the EPRA of the “Sevastopol factory” was squandered in my hands - take the person who sold them, she said so herself. The stench was redeemed for a lamp 58 W, so 150 cm long. No, I won’t say that they didn’t work out, but they did it better than Chinese. The stinks were practicing. Lamps shone in them. Ale...

Find the foundest Chinese ballasts (EPRA) - a plastic case, a board with openings, a mask on the board on the side of the hand-made installation, and the designation is like a detail on the side of the installation. "Sevastopol variant" of relief of all these supernaturalities. There, the board was instantly covered with a cover to the case, in the board (for reasons) there were no daily openings, no daily masks, no markings, details were placed on the side of other conductors and everything that could be found with SMD elements, which I nіkoli not bachiv navit from those who found Chinese annexes. The same scheme! I looked over their faceless faces, but in no way saw anything similar. No, everything is like the Chinese: the greatest pivmist. The axis of only the recognized elements of D2-D7 and the marvelous connection of the base winding of the lower transistor is less obvious. I now! The creators of this marvelous addition ate a transformer for a full-bridge generator with a choke! They just wound the windings on a W-like core. No one had thought of this before, navit the Chinese. Zagalom, this scheme was designed by chi geniuses, chi people who are alternatively gifted. On the other hand, because the stench is so ingenious, well, why not donate a couple of cents for the introduction of a strum-coupling resistor, which will save the strum through the filter capacitor? That th on the varistor for a smooth rozіgіv elektrodіv (tezh cents) could be rozoritsya.

At the SRSR

Introduced more "American scheme" (throttle + starter + fluorescent lamp) pracyuє vіd merezhі zminny struma with a frequency of 50 hertz. What about a post-strum? Well, for example, the lamp needs to be powered from batteries. Here, the electromechanical option is not enough. It is necessary to “stick the scheme”. Electronic. And such schemes were, for example, at the trains. We all traveled in the Radyansk carriages of different levels of comfort, and they drank fluorescent tubes there. Ale stinks were eating a constant stream of 80 volts, such a voltage is seen by a car battery. For livelihood, the “same” circuit was developed - a bridge generator with a subsequent resonant lance, and to intimidate the streamers through the lamp spirals, a thermistor of direct support TRP-27 was introduced with a positive temperature coefficient support. The scheme, it is necessary to say, was vіdіznyalas vіnyatkovoy nadіynіstyu, and to remake її into ballast for merezhі zminny strumu i vykoristovuvat in pobutі, it was necessary to add a diode mist, which smoothes the capacitor and troch to reshape the parameters of deih parts and the transformer. One "ale". Such a contraption would have been used to finish the road. I think, її varity would be no less for 60-70 radian rubles, for 3 roubles. Basically, through the high voltage in the SRSR of high-voltage high-voltage transistors. And yet the circuit has seen an unacceptable high-frequency squeak, which, however, sometimes it was possible to feel, perhaps, the parameters of the elements (capacitors were boosted) and the frequency of the generator operation was reduced.

Scheme of living fluorescent lamps at trains near the garage

Road electronic ballasts (EPRA)

Like the butt of a simple "expensive" ballast, you can build a TOUVE brand. Vіn pratsyuvav v svіtlennya akvarium, simplistic kazhuchi - vіdny was eating two green lamps of 36 vatіv. The master of the ballast told me that this thing is special, specially designed for hanging aquariums and terrariums. "Environmental". Why is there environmentalism I don’t understand, otherwise, I didn’t practice this “ecological ballast”. Roztin that analysis of the circuit showing that it is equal to the cheap ones is complicated, although the principle is - napіvmіst + launch through the whole dynistor DB3 + last resonant lance - savings from the total obsyazі. Sparks of a lamp are two, then there are two resonant circuits T4C22C2 and T3C23C5. The cold coils of the lamps from the jet stream are protected by thermistors PTS1, PTS2.

Rule! If you buy an economical lamp or an electronic ballast, reverse it to turn on the lamp. Yakshcho mittevo - a cheap ballast, so that they didn’t tell you about it there. For smaller normal ones, the lamp is due to turn on after pressing the button after about 0.5 seconds.

Dali. The input varistor RV protects the filter capacitors from the jet stream. The scheme is equipped with a live filter (circling the chervonim) - the fault of the transition of high-frequency transitions at the merger. The corrector of the coefficient of tension (Power Factor Correction) outlines with a green contour, but in this scheme, the faults of the selections on the passive elements, which inspect the most expensive and tricky ones, de-correct the core of a special microcircuit. We will talk about this important problem (correction of the tension coefficient) in one of the upcoming articles. Well, even more data to the vuzol to zahistu in anomalous modes - in this case, the generation is attached to the circuit by the thyristor of the SCR Q1 base to the ground.

Let's say, the deactivation of the electrodes, or the damage to the tightness of the tube, leads to the failure of the "open circuit" (the lamp does not light up), which is accompanied by a significant increase in the voltage on the starting capacitor and an increase in the ballast stream at the frequency of the resonance, reducing the quality of the circuit. Trival of the robot in this mode leads to a ballast for the trouble of overheating the transistors. Axis at this point and can be spratsyuvati - thyristor SCR closes the Q1 base to the ground, connecting the generation.

It can be seen tsey pristriy for rosemaries, more and less cheap ballast, but after repair (vilet one of the transistors) and refurbishment, it was clear that these transistors heat up, as it was done, stronger lower required, up to about 70 degrees. Why not put small radiators? I don't confirm that the transistor fired through overheating, but perhaps the robot at elevated temperatures (near the closed case) served as a provocative factor. Zagalom I put small radiators, for the benefit of space.

Luminescent lamps can be switched on easily up to more folding scheme in pairs with their closest relatives - heating lamps. For ignition of luminescent type lamps, the launchers are included in the lansy, due to which the terms of operation of the lamps are to be found.

In order to explore the features of the schemes, it is necessary for us to change the attachments and the mechanism for similar fittings.

Briefly about the features of robotic lamps

Leather from such accessories is a sealed flask filled with a special mixture of gases. At the same time, the sum is insured in such a way that the amount of energy spent on the ionization of gases was less richly ignited from the great lamps, which allows a lot of energy to be lit.

Sob the luminescent lamp constantly gave light, it is the fault of the discharge, which is smoldering. To ensure this, the supply of the necessary voltage to the electric light bulb is required. The main problem lies in the fact that the discharge can only appear when the voltage is applied, which is simply shifted more roboche. However, this problem was successfully solved by lamp makers.

The electrodes are installed along the sides of the fluorescent lamp. The stench takes on a strain, the zavdyaki yakіy podtrimuєtsya rank. The skin electrode has two contacts. Behind them, a jerelo struma rises, for which reason it is safe to warm up the extra electric space.

In this manner, the fluorescent lamp is ignited after the heating of the electrodes. And then the stink is given to the infusion of a high-voltage impulse, and then we’ll start to work harder, the magnitude of which can be sufficient to support the discharge.

Under the discharge of a discharge, the gas near the flask begins to vibrate ultraviolet light, unacceptable to the human eye. In order for the light to become visible to people, the inner surface of the bulb is covered with a phosphor. Tsya speech is safe frequency range light in the visible spectrum. Way to change the warehouse of the luminophor, change the range of color temperatures, so that a wide range of fluorescent lamps is provided.

Lamps of luminescent type, which are similar to simple heating lamps, cannot simply be switched on electric mesh. For the appearance of an arc, as it was intended, the electrodes are to be warmed up and the impulse voltage is increased. Tsі think you will be safe for the help of special ballasts. The largest width of the ballasts of the electromagnetic

Prices for fluorescent lamps

Classic connection via electromagnetic ballast

Scheme Features

Vidpovidno before the scheme, the choke is turned on in the lance. There is also a starter at the warehouse of the scheme.

The rest is a low-power neon lamp of light. Attachments of equipment with bimetal contacts and live in electrical installations with changing values ​​of the stream. Throttle, starter contacts and electrical threads are connected sequentially.

The replacement of the starter in the circuit can be switched on by a special button for the electric connection. At this moment, the voltage will be given to the push buttons in the pressed position. The next button is released after the lamp is lit.

The order of the circuit with an electromagnetic type ballast looks like this:

• after being included in the mesh, the throttle starts to accumulate electromagnetic energy;
• through the starter contacts, the supply of electricity is ensured;
• the strum is guided along the tungsten filaments by heating the electrodes;
• the starter electrodes are heated;
• starter contact opening;
• accumulated by the throttle, the energy vibrates;
• the magnitude of the voltage on the electrodes changes;
• a fluorescent lamp gives light.

With the method of promotion of the show brown dії that change in the code, which is blamed on the process of turning on the lamp, the circuit is equipped with two capacitors. One of them (smaller) is located in the middle of the starter. Yogo main function polagaє at the redemption rate and polypshenni neon impulse.

Sered key gains circuits with an electromagnetic type ballast can be seen:

• arrogance, I will change the hour;
• simplicity;
• available varіst.
• Nedolikіv, how to compare practice, more, nizh perevag. Among them it is necessary to see:
• I mean the importance of the lighting fixture;
• trivaliy hour of raising the lamp (on average up to 3 seconds);
• low efficiency of the system for an hour of operation in the cold;
• porivnya high energy savings;
• noisy throttle robot;
• merekhtinnya, which negatively affects the mind.

Connection order

The rise of the lamp behind the examined scheme is victorious from the received starters. Further, the butt of installing one lamp from those included in the starter circuit of model S10 will be looked at. This current attachment may have an unoccupied body and a high-quality construction, which will help you to achieve the best in your niche.

The head starter task is up to:

• safe inclusion of the lamp;
• breakdown of the gas gap. For this lancer, it is necessary to bring about a trivial heating of the lamp's electrodes, in order to induce an exhausting impulse and an uninterrupted breakdown.

Throttle vikoristovuetsya for vykonannya such zavdan:

• submergence of the struma value at the moment of the electrodes' fading;
• generation of voltage sufficient for breakdown of gases;
• pіdtrimki gorіnnya rank to the postіy stable equal.

At this butt, a 40 W lamp is connected. In whom the drosel is guilty of the mother's analogous tightness. The pressure of the vicorous starter is 4-65 watts.

Connected to the presented scheme. For whom we work.

Persh krok

In parallel, the starter is connected to the side pin contacts at the output of the luminescent lamp. Qi contacts є with threads of threads roasting hermetic flasks.

Another Croc

On contacts that have lost their will, it is connected.

Third Croc

Before contacts, to live, we connect the capacitor, again, in parallel. Zavdyaki condenser to compensate for reactive tension and change shifts in the mesh.

Connection via modern electronic ballast

Scheme Features

Current connection option. The electronic ballast is switched on in the circuit - for the sake of savings and complete attachments, it is safe to use the trivalent term for the service of fluorescent lamps in the case of a viscerally viewed variant.

In circuits with an electronic ballast, fluorescent lamps operate on a voltage boost (up to 133 kHz). Zavdyaki to whom it is light to go out equally, without merekhtin.

Modern microcircuits allow you to select special launchers with low power consumption and compact dimensions. This gives you the opportunity to place the ballast directly into the lamp base, in order to create a real vibration of small-sized lighting fixtures, which are screwed into a large cartridge, standard for heating lamps.

With this, the microcircuits not only protect the lamps of life, but also smoothly heat the electrodes, increasing their efficiency and the best term of service. The very same luminescent lamps can be vicorated in a complex with outbuildings, which are used for smooth regulation of the brightness of light bulbs. To fluorescent lamps electromagnetic ballasts dimmer is not plugged in.

Behind the design of the electronic ballast is the conversion of the electric springs. Miniature inverter transformer constant strum at high-frequency and zminny. The very wine and go to the heating of the electrodes. As the frequency increases, the intensity of heating of the electrodes changes.

The switching on of the turnaround was organized in such a way that the frequency of the struma on the ear was on a high level. A fluorescent light bulb, when connected to the circuit, has a resonant frequency that is significantly less than the cob frequency of the conversion.

Then the frequency starts to change step by step, and the voltage on the lamp is kolivalny circuit zbіlshuvatisya, the rahunok of which the circuit is approaching to resonance. The intensity of heating of the electrodes is also increasing. At some point, the mind is created, sufficient for the creation of a gas discharge, after which the lamp begins to give light. Illuminating attachment locks the circuit, the operation mode of any of these changes when it does.

With different electronic ballasts, the lamp connection circuits are folded in such a way that the regulating attachment is possible to adjust according to the characteristics of the light bulb. For example, through singing period The use of fluorescent lamps will require more high voltage for the cob discharge. The ballast can be adjusted for such a change and ensure the necessary level of illumination.

In this order, among the numerical successes of the current electronic ballasts, the following moments can be seen:

• high economy of operation;
• dbaylivy prog_v elektrod_v illuminating fixture;
• softer light bulbs;
• vіdsutnіst merehtinnya;
• mozhlivist vikoristannya for the minds of low temperatures;
• self-adaptation according to the characteristics of the lamp;
• high arrogance;
• small vagata and compact expansion;
• zbіlshennya terminu ekspluatatsії illuminating devices.

Nedolikiv vsogo 2:

• simplified connection scheme;
• more high quality to the correctness of the assembly and the quality of the victorious components.

Prices for electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps

Electronic ballast for fluorescent lamps

Connection order

All necessary connectors and darts are included with the kit with electronic ballast. You can see the connection diagram on the presented image. Also, the relevant schemes are introduced in the instructions to the ballasts and without intermediary illumination of the fittings.

In such a scheme, the lamp turns on in 3 main stages, and itself:

• the electrodes are warming up, why is it safer for more dbaylivy and smooth start-up and the resource of the accessory is saved;
• the contraction of a straining impulse, which is necessary for zaplyuvannya, is observed;
• the value of the operating voltage stabilizes, after which the voltage is applied to the lamp.

Current schemes for lamps connection include the need for a starter stop. Zavdyaks to this risk of burning out the ballast at the time of start-up without an installed lamp turn off.

For the sake of respect, a meritorious scheme for the arrival of two fluorescent light bulbs up to one ballast. Attach in sequence. For vikonannya roboti it is necessary to prepare:

• induction throttle;
• starters per kіlkostі two pieces;
• middleless fluorescent lamps.

Connection sequence

First crock. A starter comes to the skin bulb. The day is parallel. At the butt, which is being looked at, the starter is connected to the pinned output from both ends of the lighting fixture.

Another crochet. Vilnі contacts pridnuyutsya to elektromerezhі. At the same time, the order is victorious sequentially for the help of the throttling.

Third crock. Parallel to the contacts of the lighting fixture, capacitors are connected. The stench will change the variance of the shift in the electrical circuit and compensate for the reactive pressure that is to blame.

Important moment! In standard pobutovy vimicachs, especially those of budget models, the contacts can stick under the influx of starting streams. Considering the price for vicory in the complex with luminescent lighting fixtures, it is recommended to use vicorists only specially designed for this high quality.

You have become familiar with the peculiarities of different schemes for connecting luminescent lamps and now you can independently get out of the installation and replacement of such lighting fixtures.

Away robots!

Video - Connection diagram for fluorescent lamps