Leonid Kupriyanovich mobile phone. The first mobile phones. Marvel at the same "Kupriyanovich, Leonida Ivanovich" in other dictionaries

Until the early 1960s, a lot of companies were encouraged to conduct research in the closet of the building style tie, shards came to visnovka, which, in principle, is impossible to create a compact mobile phone. And none of the specialists of these companies have lost respect for those who, from the other side of the "false air" in popular science magazines, photographs began to appear, de bulo depicted ... a man, as if talking on a mobile phone.

In 1957, in the 8th issue of the journal Science and Life, a photograph of Leonid Kupriyanovich's first mobile phone was published. On the right - an automatic telephone radio station: "Z'dnannya ATP z be-yakim subscriber vіdbuvaєtsya, like a svіchayny phone, only її її її її її її її mi karuєmo on іdstanі".
1957 to L.I. Kupriyanovich took away the author's certificate for "Radiophone" - an automatic radiotelephone with direct dialing. Through an automatic telephone radio station from the device, it is possible to get in touch with any subscriber of the telephone network between the transmission of "Radiophone". At that time, the first set of equipment was ready, which demonstrates the principle of the work of the "Radiophone", the names of the winemaker LK-1 (Leonid Kupriyanovich, the first star).
LK-1 behind our worlds, it was important to call it a mobile phone, but on the other side it celebrated a great defeat. "The telephone device is not large in size, it does not weigh three kilograms" - wrote "Science and Life". Batteries of life are located in the middle of the body of the device; the term of uninterrupted voicing їх dorivnyuє 20-30 years old. the front panel is equipped with 4 switches, a microphone (phone calls are connected to headphones) and a dialing dial.

"The radius of the device ... a few dozen kilometers." - write Leonid Kupriyanovich to the deputy for the linden issue of the magazine "Juniary Technician" in 1957. "However, at these borders there will be more than one primal attachment, which will be sufficient, to cover the skin from bags, where I can have a telephone, and for skilki for sure a kilometer."

The magazine "For Kerm" in 1957 published a photograph of Leonid Kupriyanovich with a LK-1 telephone in a car. The right-hander in the telephone is a speaker for a voice call.
Kupriyanovich told that a mobile phone can be connected and telephones that can be used in a car. At the same time, the young wine-maker immediately won the prize for a piece of the headset. hands free", then. the replacement of the earpiece vicoristovuvavsya loud ringing. In an interview with M. Melgunova, published in the journal "For Kerm", 12, 1957, Kupriyanovich let the vibrations in the provision of mobile phones in two stages. the additional radio attachment is installed sounding white home phone car enthusiast. And later, if there are thousands of such devices, ATP is already practicable not for one radiotelephone, but for hundreds and thousands. Moreover, all the stinks cannot be made one by one, to the one who has their own tonal frequency from them, as if they are working on their relay. by-button technology- simple radio tubes, it would be easier to launch at a variety, that service of mobile phones, with one base station serving thousands of subscribers.

In 1957 ROCI Kompaniyanovich Devovizhn Rіch - Ratsіyu Romіrr zіrnikova box і Vago vs 50 grams (once z Jeresels Kharchuvannya), Yaka Mozhevnyi without zmіni Kharchuvannya 50 Godin і robin ЗНИКЛязНА для долості вол кіломерів - Цілкок під centurion, you can dance on the windows of the ninth salons in the bell. As evidenced by the publication in YUT, 12, 1957, in this radio station there were mercury and manganese elements of life.

With whom, Kupriyanovich could not have been more without microcircuits, which at that time simply did not exist, and at the same time, miniature lamps were made of transistors. In 1957 and 1960, the fates of another book for radio amateurs, with a promising name - "Kishenkovi radio stations" came out first.

Wrist walkie Kupriyanovich
In the 1960s, a simple radio station is described in total on three transistors, which can be worn on the hands - may be the well-known walkie-talkie from the film "Dead Season". The author proponuvav її її for repetition to tourists and mushroom pickers, but in life to tsієї designs ії Kupriyanovich showed interest mainly students - for tips on іspitah, sho navіt svіyshlo in the episode of the guide film comedy "Operation Y".

The mobile phone model of 1958 at the same time from life was only 500 grams.

Apparatus 1958 is already more similar to mobile phones ("Tekhnika-molodi", 2, 1959)
Tsey vagovy boundary buv new captures light technical thought less ... 6 bereznya 1983 to the fate, tobto. a quarter of a century on that. True, Kupriyanovich's model was not worn out on the floor, but was a box with toggle switches and a round dialer dialer, until a telephone receiver was connected to the door. It seemed that during the opening, they would either take offensive hands, or the box would need to be hung on a belt. On the other side, trim in the hands of a light plastic tube in the presence of a butt phone, it was richly handy, lower attached to the arm of an army pistol.
For the roses of Kupriyanovich, yoga equipment can cost 300-400 radian rubles. Ce Bulo Rivno Vartosti hot TV chi light motorcycle; for such a price, the device is affordable, obviously, not a skin-friendly radiant family, but only a few people could save up for a new bill. Commercial mobile phones on the cob of the 80s with a price of 3500-4000 dollars were also not for all Americans in the gut - a millionth subscriber appeared only in 1990.

According to the statements of L.I. Kupriyanovich in yoga statistics, published in the lute issue of the journal "Tekhnika-molody" for 1959, now on one wind it is possible to place up to a thousand channels of radiophone calls from the Asia-Pacific Region. For this coding of the number in the radiophone, it was carried out in a pulsed way, and at the next hour, the signal was picked up behind the auxiliary building, which the author of the radiophone called the correlator. According to the description of the same article, the correlator was based on the principle of the vocoder - it applied the signal to the promo on a frequency range, squeezing the skin range and further encouraging it to the receiver. Truthfully, the recognition of the voice with which it is small is weak, but for the sake of the quality of the same wired connection, it was not a serious problem. Kupriyanovich, having proponuvaty installed ATP on a high-rise building in the city (Martin Cooper's spacecraft, after fifteen years, installed a base station on top of a 50-surface budіvlі in New York). And judging by the phrase "prepared by the author of the article from the Kishinkovo ​​radiophones", it is possible to add a new note, that in 1959 Kupriyanovich had prepared less than two additional mobile phones.

In 1960, Kupriyanovich's mobile phone was exhibited at the VDNG, in the pavilion "Radioelectronics and zv'yazok", which was well recognized after the reconstruction. Non-reliquiquious designer Equipically Chi MІG Strikeduvachіu - Uva Vіdvіduvachіv Pavilion Keeping Roskіshnі TVERADIOKOMBIY, PO BOOLO AZHNIKO AJE MODELS, DIVO DIVERSHIE TECHNIKI - COLOROVI TVSUZORY FOR THE US NTSC Standard, television of the chamber of the Table of television for cars, stereosystems. without some kind of contagion, a concert is indispensable. It was important to remember the divas of the mobile phone at this fireworks.

"As long as there is less than a little bit of a new device, one can not doubt that the wines are taking away a large expansion in transport, at the Moscow telephone line, at industry, at work, etc." write Kupriyanovich at the journal "Science and Life" at the date of 1957.

Kupriyanovich increased the weight of the mobile phone up to 70 grams. Far from all mobiles can boast on the cob of another decade of the 21st century. True, the functionality of the handheld in 1961 is minimal, there is no display, and the dialer is small - twist, maybe, be an olive. Alas, there is still no better anywhere in the world, and there will be no more. According to the description of Ribchinsky, the whole apparatus of Kupriyanovich maw two transmitters and one receiver, buv picks up on the conductors and eats in the form of nickel-cadmium batteries, like vikoristovuvalis at mobile phones and on the cob of the new century. Bula announced the distance of the call from base station 80 km.
The TARS note in "Orlovsky Pravda" was short and did not miss the photographs, but it confirmed the following facts:
- Kupriyanovich created a new model of a mobile phone;
- a new zrazok can be worn near the gut;
- telephone to receive a receiver and two transmitters;
- living with nickel-cadmium batteries.
The TARS alerts you that the microphone and phone are in the device, and the base station is connected to a lot of phones.

Bulgarian retailers took the concept of LK-1 and presented it to the authorities mobile phones. In the SRSR, mobile phones did not come in serial.

However, in Moscow in 1963, the last zone of the system was launched mobile call Altai: the robot over the antenna was carried out under the wire of Kupriyanovich. Scho tsikavo - the system worked near Voronezh until 2011, and in Novosibirsk, judging by the statistics of Vika, pratsyuє dosi.

A mobile phone call on the cob of the 60s in a be-yakіy kraїnі bula to finish with an expensive service, which is a moment you can afford only a small part of the population. Potentiynyy zamovnik - a great zahіdny businessman or a radyansky kerіvnik - zovsіy not maw need to carry the phone in the gut. On a robot or at home, the stench was secured by a wired sound, and on the open air until their services, there was a car with a driver, so you could not worry about the dimensions of that wag of the equipment. From the first glance, "Altai" kindly responded to that drink. Vіsіm transmitters served up to 500-800 subscribers, and the quality of transmissions can be improved only from digital voice. The implementation of this project looked more real, lowering the national border on the basis of "Radiophone".

The creations of the mobile phone Kupriyanovich are spatelichiv on the cob of the 50s. The first little bit of work of nevdovz gave its fruit. In 1957, LK-1 appeared in the world. This apparatus is important for about three kilograms, and the radius of the distance is 20-30 kilometers. Required to respect that the phone of Martin Cooper, demonstrations to him in 20 years, was not richly laid down for a radian and less than two kilometers apart. Kupriyanovich’s apparatus, obviously, not with buttons, like Cooper’s phone, but with a disk and toggle switches, that tube was connected to a new one, it was quite logical for that hour. Prior to that, the phone of the Radiansky engineer absolutely did not require a call from the operator. From now on, you can call all local numbers and receive incoming calls from any device - like s landline phone, and from a telephone booth.

Step by step, Kupriyanovich's phone number changed at the rozmіrah and vasi and vreshti-resht access parameters of the current devices. The phone is important 70 grams and easily fits on the palm.

1960 Leonid Kupriyanovich demonstrates his telephone at VDNG. However, the device is overwhelmed with a wide range of other technical innovations. The very next exhibition of publications about Kupriyanovich's mobile phone is known from other sides of the world.

Engineer L.I. Kupriyanovich from Moscow in 1957, having created and publicly demonstrated the first known portable mobile phone LK-1 with a 3 kg wagon, a radius of 20-30 km and an hour of work without changing batteries for 20-30 years and a base station until new. The solution to the device is patented (ac.c. 115494 issued 1.11.1957). Already in 1958, simultaneously with the Americans, the Voronezh Scientific and Research Institute of Communications (VNDIS) had a distribution of the mobile phone system.

The work on the antenna systems was carried out by the Moscow State Specialized Design Institute (MDSPI) under the supervision of the same Kupriyanovich. And over the other warehouses of a product unique at that time - an automatic mobile phone call - they were also worked on by engineers from Leningrad, Belarus, Moldova.

result sleeping room having become a fully functional device "Altai", which is installed in the cars of the party elite. Phone mav povnoduplexnyy zv'yazok, dialing the number was carried out for the help of a push-button keyboard, although in the first stages the disk number dialer was victorious. There were only 16-channel base stations in the districts of Radyansk, and there were enough of them to satisfy the mobile needs of the communist elite.

For vyazku vikoristovuvavsya 150 megahertz range, and placed on a distance of high-altitude wakes antennas gave coverage with a radius of up to 70 kilometers. The construction of the first outbuildings began in 1963, and already until 1970, over thirty towns were stunned by an elite mobile phone call. It is important to note that a similar project has been launched in the USA, but, as far as we know, the first tie-dye tie appeared there only after 1969.

Varto signify that in the radian rozrobtsi already at that hour it was possible to “put in” the possibility of holding a conference call. Krіm tsgogo, ієrarchіy koristuvachіv, ієrkhіyа koristuvаchіv, ієrіnі groups іnі small іrіznі privileї. For example, the party elite, as far as I can see the newest, could “throw off” the lower ranks, as if trying to make a call, the line was busy. At that hour, some could call only on the local numbers, otherwise they could not get access to the international and international calls.

Newer, like the 70s, a new, smaller model of the Radian mobile phone appeared. Tsey pristriy vzhe vzhe vzhe polishchatisya mizh passenger krіslami, and not in the trunk of a car.

create

• Bornovolokov E. P., Kupriyanovich L. I. Portable UHF radio stations. - M: Vidavnitstvo DTSAAF, 1958.
• Kupriyanovich L. I. Radioelectronics at the door. - M.-L.: Derzhenergovidav, 1963. - 32 p.
• Kupriyanovich L. I. Kishenkovi radio stations, 1960.
• Kupriyanovich L. I. Reserve improved memory. Cybernetic aspects. - M. Nauka, 1970. - 142 p.
• Kupriyanovich L. I. Biological rhythm and sleep. - M: Nauka, 1976. - 120 p.

Posilannya

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Marvel at the same "Kupriyanovich, Leonida Ivanovich" in other dictionaries:

Kupriyanovich, Leonid Ivanovich Kupriyanovich, Leonid Ivanovich Radyansky radio engineer and popularizer of radio engineering. Have 1957 r. having created a confirmation of the automatic duplex mobile radiotelephone LK 1 to be worn.

List of laureates Zmist 1 1975 2 1976 3 1977 4 1978 5 1979 6 ... Wikipedia

The Stalin Prize for outstanding wines and advanced methods of production work and the form of the desire of the citizens of the SRSR for significant merits in the technical development of the country's industry, the development of new technologies, modernization ... Wikipedia

- ... Wikipedia

Call the history of the creation of a mobile phone, say something like this.
On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, the head of Motorola's mobile phone call, strolled downtown Manhattan, calling on his cell phone. The mobile phone was called Dyna-TAC and it looked like a tseglu, it mattered more than a kilo, but it worked in the mode of moving the whole year. To the son of the founder of the company Motorola Robert Gelvin, who, in those distant hours, embraced the former director of this company, having seen 15 million dollars and giving the term 10 years for those who create attachments, which you can carry with you. The first sign, which works, showed up in a couple of months. The success of Martin Cooper, who came to the firm in 1954 as an ordinary engineer, was adopted by those who, since 1967, were engaged in the development of portable radios. The stench led to the idea of ​​a mobile phone.
It is important that until this moment other mobile phones, like a person can carry with him, like a yearbook or a note, did not exist. There were portable walkie-talkies, there were "mobile" telephones, with which one could be in a car in a car, but the axis of such a thing, just walking around the street - no. Moreover, until the beginning of the 1960s, a lot of companies started to carry out research in the gallery of the stylnikovy zv'azka, the shards came to the visnovka, which, in principle, it was impossible to create a compact phone.

Evil: 1957, L.I. Kupriyanovich from a mobile phone on the streets of Moscow, right-handed: 1973 Rick, Vice President of Motorola John F. Mitchell from a mobile phone near New York. (Sign of the evil of publications in the article "For young technicians - 40 years!", YUT, 9, 1996, p. 5.)

And none of the specialists of these companies have lost respect for those who, from the other side of the "false air" in popular science magazines, photographs began to appear, de bulo depicted ... a man, as if talking on a mobile phone.
The name of the person in the journal "Science and Life" No. 10 for 1958 was Leonid Ivanovich Kupriyanovich, and she herself appeared as a person, as she made a call on a mobile phone for 15 years earlier for Cooper.

Engineer Leonid Kupriyanovich demonstrates the feasibility of a mobile phone. "Science and Life", 10, 1958 rec.

1957 to L.I. Kupriyanovich took away the author's certificate for "Radiophone" - an automatic radiotelephone with direct dialing. Through an automatic telephone radio station from the device, it is possible to get in touch with any subscriber of the telephone network between the transmission of "Radiophone". At that time, the first set of equipment was ready, which demonstrates the principle of the work of the "Radiophone", the names of the winemaker LK-1 (Leonid Kupriyanovich, the first star).

Author's certificate 115494 dated 1.11.1957

LK-1 behind our worlds, it was important to call it a mobile phone, but on the other side it celebrated a great defeat. "The telephone device is not large in size, it does not weigh three kilograms" - wrote "Science and Life". Batteries of life are located in the middle of the body of the device; the term of uninterrupted voicing їх dorivnyuє 20-30 years old. the front panel is equipped with 4 switches, a microphone (phone calls are connected to headphones) and a disk for dialing.
Just like that, like in the current stylish phone, Kupriyanovich’s device was calling from the Russian telephone line through the base station (the author called її ATP - automatic telephone radio station), as it received signals from mobile phones at the wired line, it transmitted from wire rope on mobile phones. 50 years ago, the principles of the operation of a mobile phone were described for uninformed readers simply and figuratively: "At the same time, the Asia-Pacific Region is known to be a subscriber, just like a mobile phone, but we can see it as a robot in the countryside."


The first mobile phone of Kupriyanovich. ("Science and Life, 8, 1957"). On the right is the base station.

For a robotic mobile phone with a base station, four channels were used to communicate at four frequencies: two channels were used to transmit and receive sound, one for dialing and one for voice communication.
The reader can blame the suspicion that the LK-1 was a simple radio tube for the phone. But it turns out, it's not like that.
Mimovoli blame the food: why not zavazhatimut one to one sprat of one hour working LK-1? - write all the same "Science and Life". "Ni, to that in which case for the device there are different tonal frequencies, so that you can send your own relay to the ATR (tonal frequencies will be transmitted on one whil).
In this way, LK-1 was coded numbers in the telephone itself, and not in the fall through the wire line, which allows it to be viewed as the first mobile phone. It is true, judging by the description, the coding was even more primitive, and the number of subscribers, as if it were possible to work through one ATP, it seemed to be more common. In addition, in the first demonstrator, the ATP was simply included in the primary telephone line in parallel with the main subscriber point - it allowed to proceed to the next, without making changes to the local ATS, but it made it easier to one-hour "out of the city" from the decal tubes. Vtim, 1957 to the date of LK-1, having only two copies in one copy.

Koristuvatisya with the first mobile phone was not so handy, like at once. ("UT, 7, 1957")

Prote, it is practical that the implementation of a mobile phone and the organization of the service of such a mobile phone call would have been brought to the attention of the host commutators. "The radius of the device ... a few dozen kilometers." - write Leonid Kupriyanovich to the deputy for the linden issue of the magazine "Juniary Technician" in 1957. "However, at these borders there will be more than one primal attachment, which will be sufficient, to cover the skin from bags, where I can have a telephone, and for skilki for sure a kilometer." "Radiotelephones ... can be used on motor vehicles, on aircraft and ships. Passengers can call directly from the aircraft at home, at work, get a hotel number. Know about the traffic jams with tourists, buddies, and merry people."
In addition, Kupriyanovich said that a mobile phone can be connected and telephones that can be used in a car. For whom the young wine-maker immediately won the victorious schos on the kshtalt of the "hands free" headset, tobto. deputy headphone vicoristovuvavsya deep zv'yazyok.


Kupriyanovich from LK-1 in the car. On the right, in front of the apparatus, there is a loudspeaker of a loud sound. "For Kerm", 12, 1957

In an interview with M. Melgunova, published in the journal "For Kerm", 12, 1957. Kupriyanovich let the vibrators vibrate mobile phones at two stages. "Reckoningly, while the radiotelephones are not enough, the additional radio equipment will be installed to ring the car enthusiast's home phone. But later, if there are thousands of such devices, the ATP is already working not for one radiotelephone, but for hundreds and thousands. use them for your tonal frequency, so that you should tune your relay." In this manner, Kupriyanovich, in essence, positioned once two types of on-the-fly technology - simple radio tubes, which would be easier to launch at the factory, that service of mobile phones, with one base station serving thousands of subscribers.
You can marvel, as if Kupriyanovich is just like that, demonstrating that, as the mobile phone is widely used in our everyday life.

"Taking such a radiophone with you, you take, in fact, original phone ny apparatus, but without wires" - write the wine in a couple of years. "Deb you didn’t know, you could always be called by phone, just from any city phone (call from a pay phone) dial the number of your radiophone. You have a bowel moon telephone ring, and you start Rozmov. At the time of consumption, you can dial directly from the tram, trolleybus, bus, whatever it is telephone number, call "I'll help Shvidka," I'll set fire to an emergency car, call the alarm clock ... "
It is important to believe that these words were written by a person, as I have not been in the 21st century. Vtіm, for Kupriyanovich there was no need to raise the price of the future. Vіn yogo budavav.

In 1958, Kupryanovych worked on the radioamator for publication in the lute issue of the journal "Juniary Technician" with a simpler design of the apparatus, which could be used only with one radio tube, but it could not function as a double click.


Block diagram of a simplified version of LK-1

Principal diagram of a simplified version of LK-1

Scheme of a differential transformer

Koristuvannya with such a mobile phone was troch folded, lower modern. Before the call of the subscriber, it was necessary to turn on the transmitter on the pipes. If you feel a long telephone beep at the earphone and sound a ringing tone, you can proceed to dialing the number. Ale, all the same, it was better, lower on the radio stations at that hour, that one did not need to switch over to the receiver for transmission and complete the skin phrase with the word "Receive!". After the completion of the transfer, the transfer transmitter is switched on by itself to protect the batteries.


LK-1 is the base station. Yut, 2, 1958.

Publishing a description in a magazine for youth, Kupriyanovich was not afraid of competition. At that hour, a new model of the apparatus is already ready for him, as at that hour it can be made revolutionary.

The mobile phone model of 1958 at the same time from life was only 500 grams.

Apparatus 1958 is already more similar to mobile phones ("Tekhnika-molodi", 2, 1959)

Tsey vagovy boundary buv new captures light technical thought less ... 6 bereznya 1983 to the fate, tobto. a quarter of a century on that. True, Kupriyanovich's model was not worn out on the floor, but was a box with toggle switches and a round dialer dialer, until a telephone receiver was connected to the door. It seemed that during the opening, they would either take offensive hands, or the box would need to be hung on a belt. From the other side, trim in the hands of a light plastic tube in the presence of a butt phone, it was much better, lower attachment with an army pistol.
For the roses of Kupriyanovich, yoga equipment can cost 300-400 radian rubles. Tse dor_vnyuvalo varnosti good TV or a light motorcycle; for such a price, the device is affordable, obviously, not a skin-friendly radiant family, but only a few people could save up for a new bill. Commercial mobile phones on the cob of the 80s with a price of 3500-4000 dollars were also not for all Americans in the gut - a millionth subscriber appeared only in 1990.
According to the statements of L.I. Kupriyanovich in yoga statistics, published in the lute issue of the journal "Tekhnika-molody" for 1959, now on one wind it is possible to place up to a thousand channels of radiophone calls from the Asia-Pacific Region. For this coding of the number in the radiophone, it was carried out in a pulsed way, and at the next hour, the signal was picked up behind the auxiliary building, which the author of the radiophone called the correlator. According to the description of the same article, the correlator was based on the principle of the vocoder - it applied the signal to the promo on a frequency range, squeezing the skin range and further encouraging it to the receiver. Truthfully, the recognition of the voice with which it is small is weak, but for the sake of the quality of the same wired connection, it was not a serious problem. Kupriyanovich, having proponuvaty installed ATP on a high-rise building in the city (Martin Cooper's spacecraft, after fifteen years, installed a base station on top of a 50-surface budіvlі in New York). And judging by the phrase "prepared by the author of the article from the Kishinkovo ​​radiophones", it is possible to add a new note, that in 1959 Kupriyanovich had prepared less than two additional mobile phones.

With such a device, you can already use your phone on the go ("Orlovska Pravda", chest 1961, Photo by V. Shcherbakov. (APN))

"As long as there is less than a little bit of a new device, one can not doubt that the wines are taking away a large expansion in transport, at the Moscow telephone line, at industry, at work, etc." write Kupriyanovich at the journal "Science and Life" at the date of 1957. Ale, the biggest sensation was checking in front.

1961 to L.I. Kupriyanovich demonstrates to APN correspondents Yuri Ribchinsky and Yu. Shcherbakov ... a small mobile phone.

The remaining model of the radiophone (Yury Ribchinsky, APN correspondent, Photo by V. Shcherbakov. (APN). "Orlovska Pravda", breast, 1961)

Having pumped this apparatus, a modern reader, singsongly, vigukne "You can't booty!" True, the creation of a 1961 roci phone from the dimensions of a handheld device of the 21st century - it looks absolutely neimovirnym. However, APN, the Agency for the other "News" was created in the same 1961 on the basis of the large Radinformburo - the organization is solid, in the tasks of which - to convey information about the SRSR to foreign sources of mass information. There are no unverified facts here that can be threatened with vikritts and scandals, but you can’t.

I respect that the reader has already come to you after the sight of a handheld device, and you can calmly take other data to the device. Kupriyanovich increased the weight of the mobile phone up to 70 grams. On the cob of another decade of the 21st century, not all mobiles can boast. True, the functionality of the handheld in 1961 is minimal, there is no display, and the dialer is small - twist, maybe, be an olive. Alas, there is still no better anywhere in the world, and there will be no more. According to the description of Ribchinsky, the whole apparatus of Kupriyanovich maw two transmitters and one receiver, buv picks up on the conductors and eats in the form of nickel-cadmium batteries, like vikoristovuvalis at mobile phones and on the cob of the new century.
Well, come on, let's go to the climax. Correspondents of APN povidomili, scho representations of the mobile phone - the rest of the model a new apparatus, prepared for serial production by one of the radian enterprises".

This is how it is written itself - "prepared for serial release." There is nothing marvelous at that hour for someone who has not ordered a plant. There were fluctuations, if the factory-maker of the butovy electronics did not show up in the operating instructions.

"Already at the same time, a lot of fahіvtsіv vvazhayut new zasіb zv'yazku serious superman of the phone." - the APN correspondent reminded the readers. - "Transport, industries and agricultural enterprises, geological exploration parties, everyday life - the axis is far from new translation possible areas of congestion phone call without darts. In order to serve a radiophone in such a place, like Moscow, you need only ten automatic telephone radio stations. The first such stations were designed near the new metropolitan area - Mazilov.

Well, well, well - plan for the future. L.I. Kupriyanovich put in front of him the task of creating a mobile phone with a rosemary from a sirnikov box and a distance of 200 kilometers.


TARS notification about this distribution. "Orlovskaya Pravda", 10 (11595), 12 September, 1961)

In parallel with the news of the APN, the Radyansk press received information from another Radiansk whale of mass information - the telegraph agency of the Radyansk Union (TARS). TARS, passing on information about the most important, sensational discoveries in the life of the country, such as pouring into space, and instilling hopes for work in its own name, announced from the serious nutrition of the western policy, which seemed to be the idea of ​​the order. The TARS note in "Orlovsky Pravda" was short and did not miss the photographs, but it confirmed the following facts:
- Kupriyanovich created a new model of a mobile phone;
- a new zrazok can be worn near the gut;
- telephone to receive a receiver and two transmitters;
- living with nickel-cadmium batteries.
On the view of the information of the APN, in the TARS alert, the range of communication with the base station was set to 25 kilometers, but the range was stale, in addition, for which base station it was indicated. As if the APN was informed about the project on the base station, and TASS was the one who tested the last one, then there is no need to wipe it out. Obviously, the TARS alerts you that the microphone and the phone are in the device, and the base station is connected with a lot of phones.

And then there was silence. For the time being, there are no more publications about Kupriyanovich's radiophone, plans for its development and life of the infrastructure.

I tse vipadkovo - like the 50s. In the last century, on the construction of the greatest ceramics of the country in the SRSR, the development of the Altai automatic radio communication system began. Moreover, one of the main possibilities was considered to be that the most common use of the phone is as similar as possible to the stagnation of the great telephone system, tobto. Manually switching the channels and the need to call the dispatcher were turned off.


"Altai-1", like the 50s, looking more like a real project, lower gut mobile phones

At the city of Voronezh, at the Voronezsky NDI, a call was made (VNDIS) subscriber stations(simpler seeming, better telephony) and base stations for calling them. The antennas of the system were distributed at the Moscow Sovereign Specialized Design Institute (DSPI), where the radio broadcasting was made. Over the other warehouses "Altai" was practiced by Leningraders, and later, enterprises from Belarus and Moldova arrived. Fahіvtsі z raznyh chastyn Radyanskogo Soyuz united susilly, schob svorit absolutely unique product at that time - automatic mobile phone call.
"Altai" could become a modern telephone, which was installed in cars. In a new way, you can just talk like a loud phone (so the sound passes in both directions at the same time, the so-called duplex mode). In order to call another "Altai" or to a regular phone, just dial the number - like on a landline phone, without changing channels or calls with the dispatcher.
In 1963, when the last zone of the "Altai" system was launched in Moscow, the right phone in the car handled an unforgettable battle. Rozrobniki tried to make a yogo yakomog similar to the sound equipment: Altai had a handset, and in other models - a disk for dialing a number. Vіm, vіd disk nevdovzі vіdmovilis і replaced it with buttons, oskolki twist the disk in the car appeared not handy.

Party members and gospodarsky kerivniki came to seize the air new systems. Automobile telephones of nevdovzі z'appeared at "ZILakh" and "Seagulls" of the upper echelons of Radyansk ceramics. They were followed by "Volga" directors of the most important enterprises.

"Altai" is obviously not perfect stilt system. On the other hand, one place at a time was served by only one base station with sixteen radio channels. Ale for a small number of great bosses, like an accessible mobile phone call, which was out of hand.

In the system vikoristovuvavsya Frequency range 150 MHz - the frequency of the same order as the meter range of the television broadcast. Therefore, the antenna, installed on a high tower, made it possible to secure calls at a distance of up to tens of kilometers.
In the 1970s, the Altai system was actively developed. New radio channels were seen (22 "trunks" of 8 channels) in the 330 MHz band - that's it. on the trochs of thin hairs, lower decimeter television, which made it possible to secure a non-abyak distance and serve more subscribers at the same time. Zavdyaki zastosuvannu first microcircuit subscriber stations became more and more compact - although they still got rid of cars (it was possible to carry the phone at once with batteries from an important vault).

In the mid-70s, step by step, the geography of the expansion of the “Altai” system expanded by 114 cities of the Radyansky Union.

Special works for the modernization of the possession had a chance to be carried out before the Moscow Olympiad 1980. Moreover, before the Olympics, the base station "Altai" moved to Ostankinskaya TV. Up to what won, it occupied the two upper surfaces of the high-rise building on the Kotelnitsky embankment.
One іz bunt rezultatіv tsієї modernіzatsії became mozhlivіst vikoristannya Aparatura zakrittya Informácie, zavdyaki chomu list abonentіv "Altai" slit bіlshe rozshirivsya - they become great kerіvniki of companies, partіyno-uryadovі officials vіyskovo-Promyslova complex mіskі service that pіdpriєmstva zv'yazku (Mosmіsktrans, Mosenergo, road services, Shvidka dopomoga, GUVS, MGTS, MDRS, MDRSV ...). Until 1994 Merezhi "Altai" worked at 120 places of the SND, and 53% of those who received mobile calls from the mobile phone "Altai"!
Buli in the SRSR and plan to spread the throat of a mobile phone call, available to the cross-country people. At the beginning of the 1980s, the work on the “VoleMoT” system was started, the name of which was formed from the first letters of the city, where the distribution was carried out: Voronezh, Leningrad, Molodechno, Ternopil. Moreover, the system was laid back on the basis of the possibility of a number of impersonal base stations with a method to cover the entire territory of the country and support the automatic transition between base stations without switching over. In this rank, "VoleMoT" could become a full-fledged stylnikovy hemstitch, and yakby is not a bureaucratic tyaganina and lacks finance, then they launched it before the mid-1980s. As a working band, it was planned to win a frequency of 330 MHz in it, which made it possible to cover large stations with one base station. Before speech, the launch of the system in exploitation in some places still happened, but it became less in the middle of the 1990s, if technological leadership was spent, and NMT- and GSM-merezhi dominated the market.

History does not have a mental way. We missed the opportunity to become a leader in the right everyday life mobile networks And then there is a chance for someone in our country of buli. Have 1959 r. Bulgarian teaching Hristo Bachvarov created a mobile phone, which is conceptually similar to L.I. Kupriyanovich and otrimav vіdpovіdny patent.


Hristo Bachvarov from verified mobile phone, late 60s. From the magazine "E-vestik.bg".

Moreover, at the exhibition "Interorgtekhnika-66" RAT-0.5 and ATRT-0.5, compact mobile phones of industrial production, as well as the base station RATC-10, were mobile subscribers with a small telephone line.

Bulgarian mobile phone at Inforga-65. Photo from the article by Yu. Popov and Yu. Pukhnachov "Inforga-65", journal "Science and Life", 8, 1965, p. 2-10.

Bulgarian mobile phone PAT-0.5 at the exhibition "Interorgtekhnika-66". "Radio" 2, 1967

And yet, in the series, all tsі nаpratsyuvannya so і did not go, and on the day of the people of the mobile phone call, they announced the 3rd of April 1973, if Martin Cooper created his own historical link.

Those that are written here are not fiction, not a hoax, that is not an alternative history. Go about the steps, which were defiantly small in space, but they stumbled behind the wounds, not up to the end with the furnishing, we zabutimi. For those who hesitate lower, scan articles from journals, depublish pictures, so that the skin is instantly changed, but not a graphic editor.

Juniy Technik No. 7 1957

Science and Life No. 8 1957 р

For Kerm No. 12 1957

Juniy Technik No. 2 1958

Science and Life No. 10 1958 р

Technique-youth № 2 1959 р

Dzherela

1953 graduated from MVTU im. N. E. Bauman for the specialty "Radioelectronics" to the faculty "Prilabobuduvannya". More precisely, the place of work was not mentioned until the mid-60s. 4 leaf fall in 1957, having taken away patent No. 115494 for “Attachment to the call and switching channels of the radiotelephone link”, in which the principles of the basis of mobile telephony, compression and decompression of signals, principle diagram mobile phone. Also, the principle of the electrical circuit was made by Lipnevoy 1957. that lute 1958 p. issues of the magazine "Yuniy tekhnik"; at the next numbers Kupriyanovich giving an explanation and advice on the power of the readers. Articles about attachments were published in the journal "Science and Life"; about the automobile version, the victoria was published by the magazine "For Kermom"; information about vinahide was given by TARS and APN. In 1957, roci Kupriyanovich publicly showed him the details of an automatic mobile phone LK-1 with a weight of 3 kg; Vzhe through rіk buv dosvіdcheny srazok with a total of 500 gramіv, and in 1961 roci attachments, like Kupriyanovich calling the radiophone, important only 70 gramіv. The radiophone calls with the local telephone exchange through the base station (automatic telephone radio station, ATP). The author stverdzhuvav: “To serve a radiophone call to such a place, like Moscow, you need only ten automatic telephone radio stations. The first of such stations was designed near the new metropolitan area - Mazilov. For special victoria(otherwise as the first stage of implementation) proponuvavsya mode of radio-supplying the main subscriber line with the connection of the personal ATP to the subscriber line.

In 1965, at the Inforga-65 exhibition, the Bulgarian company Radioelectronics presented a mobile phone with a base station for 15 subscribers. According to the press, the retailers "zastosuvali the system, rozrobleny kіlka rokіv that radyansk winemaker, engineer L. Kupriyanovich". At the "Interorgtekhnika-66" exhibition, Bulgaria presented a set of mobile communication with mobile phones PAT-0.5 and ATRT-0.5 with the base station RATC-10. Qia system was produced in Bulgaria for a leading contact on industrial and everyday objects and was in operation until the 90s.

From the other half of the 60s L. I. Kupriyanovich is changing the field of work and is engaged in the development of medical technology. I create an attachment "Ritmoson", which uses sleep modes and sleeplessness of people, publishes scientific works to improve memory and hypnopedia. Behind the words of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences N.F. Izmerov in the film “The Riddle of LK-1”, L.I. Kupriyanovich successfully worked on this topic until he retired, completed his dissertation, periodically worked for vikonnannya from closed topics, spent the recovery of the great scientists of the state for the help of his apparatus