The principle of robotic systems of remote keruvannya by butt technology. What is the remote control: decryption How does the remote control for the TV

Remote control remote care(PDU, RCU) - non-dartless or dart attachment, appointments for keruvannya, be it a mechanism, an object or a process on the machine. All remote control extensions are subdivided into groups:

• for the way of otrimanna elektrozhivlennya: cable, stand-alone;
• on the channel for transmitting critical signals: IC, ultrasound, radio, wire, mechanical drive;
• according to functionality: with one set of commands, universal for dekіlkoh attachments of one virobnik, programming (learning);
• for mobility and other signs.

The biggest expansion in the given hour is the type of remote control remote control - mobile, autonomous, unmanned attachments to control objects via an infrared channel (IC). The very same type of extension of the remote control room is victorious in the room, if the signals are transmitted to the TV set, air conditioner, music center, player and other on-button equipment.

The first models of consoles have the presence of a minimum of essential elements for the implementation of the main functions. In the course of the year, the change was made: today it is possible to make a new set of elements for caring, and the carving itself to replace the surroundings.

Attachment of the remote control panel

The gadget is in a small, thick plastic box. Buttons are ruffled on the front part, for the help of which there is a choice of the necessary command.

At the end of the annex, it is opened for the lens of the IC-viprominuvach, who without delay sends the command to the vikonannya. On the gate, under the roof, there is a niche for the installation of living elements. As a rule, two AAA batteries are required.

As a way to expand the remote control, having seen the upper part of the lower one, we also have two more elements. The first one is a board with contact maidanchiks and mounted electronics.
The other one is a vikonana made of soft elastic material, an overlay with swollen buttons for controlling disks, which is to be carried out.

Infrared wireless remote control for remote control: the principle of dії

Attachment of the remote control and the remote control robot is based on one-way or two-way transmission of information between the control panel and the control object for an additional exchange of light in the infrared range. For receiving and transmitting signals, IF receivers and transmitters are installed.

The scheme with a two-way transmission channel of information is generated by the remotes that control the air conditioners: a signal is sent to the air conditioner that controls it, and the parameters of the unit and data about the temperature are turned back.

Reshta of models at the most important single-channel.

Sending and receiving commands

Let's take an operation, as it is most common to hear from a friend: remote bezdrotov keruvannya TV. First, to rob the remote control circuit, it means that the bula button is pressed. The principle of assigning the very same as that of a computer keyboard: scanning the matrix of placement of keys. Ale, on the view of the PC keyboard, on the MPC scan generator perebuvaet in mode ochіkuvannya and vmikaetsya less when pushing buttons on the remote. Tsim reaches economically with the elements of life.

Then we will encode the encoded signal (command) and transmit it with an IC-light diode. Before transmitting the main signal, synchronization of the transmitting and receiving attachments is carried out, and on the receiving side, a verification of the validity of the remote control code is carried out. The transmission itself will be delayed for an hour, until the button that controls is pressed.

Next, indicate that the pickers electronic devices nothing is obscured by the creation of algorithms for coding the encoded signals and modulation frequencies that are victorious. It is necessary to produce before, to create the same type of models of one picker for the management of different control panels.

Scheme of the remote control panel

More schemes of consoles DC TV and others butovih outbuildings at your own foundation to lay the foundation microcircuit, forming a signal of cheruvannya after pressing the second key, posiluvach signalі IC-light diode. The retail price is only in the name and layout of the radio elements in the middle of the building, I will build it on another board.

The microcircuit is a special microcontroller, in which the program code is written in the process of vibration. The recorded program is no longer changed by the prolong operation. On the payment, you can also change quartz resonator to synchronize the frequency of receiving and transmitting. Pіdsilyuvach signal to enter to the warehouse of the microcircuit or the sound of the okremu element.

For independent creation of such an add-on, we will enclose the beginner of radioamators, you also need to create a program code for microcontrollers.

Remote control for PC

Remote control panel for personal computer we can be browned when working with an interface, like ourselves operating system, and pіd hour management of the functions of other programs. For example, managing presentations in power point or to created media content in media center. Some of the same remotes are also included in the PC kit.

Remote controllers for PC, on TV, implemented 2 solutions: ІЧ and radio remotes. On the right, it is stable when viewing in the infrared range with an extension with direct visibility and at a distance of up to 10 m, which is sufficient for TV, but it can also appear inaccessible for viewing a PC, especially during the hour of presentations. The radio remote control increases the distance up to 30 m independently from the crossing on a road signal.

The sound of the radio remote control in the form of ІЧ airborne is less obvious than the presence of a small antenna. In addition, in order to be able to manage the PC, one more element is necessary: ​​receiving a radio or IC signal, installing it on a computer or a laptop. It is possible to use as an attachment, so the module that is connected to USB port. Another option is shorter.

Universal and / or programming remote control DC

The universal remote control can be used in two ways:

1. No replacement was found for the worn-in old TV remote control or other after-sales equipment, which is good.
2. The impersonal, varied butt technology in one application to work with it from different remote controls is superficially unmanual, to understand the “correct design” and “optimal ergonomics” of all pickers.

There are two types of such attachments: consoles, which remember commands (how they learn), and universal remote control, which are programmed. For the first time, for the introduction of the required codes, the staff remote control TV is installed, or I will add another. In another way, the list of available codes and models of equipment, which can be changed, can be found in the instructions before fitting. The difference is that, regardless of the thousands of models of attachments, which are supported by universal remotes, I will build a necessary at whom perelіku can be.

“Navchannya” remote control, which is to be remembered, should be carried out regularly until the repair of the coristuvach and after the replacement of the original remote control. If the remote control can be attached to its front panel, there are fewer keys, lower at the right one, then in the first line you should program only those, which are necessary.

After the arrival of the universal functional remote control, it is not necessary to remove the old staff. First, the stench can be needed, as if the new raptovo were out of tune. In a different way, on the universal can appear some necessary elements. Thirdly, stinks may be needed for reprogramming at times of failure or change of life elements.

Smartphone yak remote control

Another variant of the remote control is practical for any kind of attachment - a vikoristannya like a smart attachment of a smartphone. In this case, it may be, or it may not be, the transmission of signals in the range of IC (technology IrDA). In the rest of the day, the repair works via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. The only exchange is in the fact that it is possible to implement the protocols for the exchange of information, which is not implemented by all technologies.

Tsіkavіshy yak remote control variant of a smartphone with an ІCh-port. Let's look at the applied model Xiaomi Redmi 3 and finish the old TV Daevoo. We need to install Google Play special addendum. It can be like that, a smut, in order to have some kind of possession, which is supported, there was a need for a model of the object of management. For which phone with a shell MIUI it's called Mi Remote(Russian language is present).

Currently stationary and portable equipment-cameras, video cameras, air-conditioners, televisions, music centers, home cinemas and other for clarity, can be looked after at the station for help in using remote control systems (SDU) for technicians. The system of remote control without a dart on infrared exchanges, the principle of operation is small and can be seen from the material of the article.

In detail, that detailed look at the power supply as a practice is the system of a dartless remote control on infrared exchanges that will help us SDU-15, as it was featured in the 3rd generation 3USCT televisions. Get to know the principle of the robotic remote control current models on-bottom technology is available on the side - http://www.xn--b1agveejs.su/bytovoi-tehniki/statyi/250-pdu-saa1250.html

SDU-15 - system of dartless remote keruvannya on infrared exchanges

To the warehouse of the remote control system for the 3rd generation of radio televisions 3USCT, an autonomous control panel PDU-15 is included, as well as the receiver of the infrared control panel PI-5 and the remote control module, MDU-15, installed at the TV.

The remote control system allows you to change TV programs, adjust brightness, contrast and image intensity, as well as change the volume of the sound accompaniment, turn on the volume of the TV. The hour of regulation from the minimum to the maximum value (or on the other hand) does not exceed 12 seconds.

The control of the TV can be performed on the screen from 0.3 to 6 meters. The cutoff of the control system in the horizontal and vertical planes should be ± 30 °, and the cut-off gap at the horizontal plane should be ± 45 °.

On the control panel, the commands that are transmitted are encoded and modulated in short pulses of infrared (IC) vibration. The commands are to go to the receiver, the signals after the confirmation are sent - the remote control module. From the module of remote control, the commands for switching programs must be sent to the USU-1-15-1, and for the control of operational regulation - to the control unit.

To make it possible to turn on the TV from the remote control, it is possible to transfer the black mode to the pressure of the "Merezha" button. For this voltage measure, the SDU-15 module is no longer needed. The statement about the operation of the TV set in the mode of viewing is displayed by the indicator on the front panel. TB is transferred to the working mode by the onslaught of eight buttons for selecting programs on the remote control or the buttons for raising the TV on the front panel. Pressing button 2 calls for the activation of the relay in the remote control module, and through this contact, the voltage of the device is connected to the filter board and the impulse block of the TV 3USCT.

Remote control panel PDU-15 for TV sets 3USCT, scheme and principle of operation

Rice. 2 Schematic diagram remote control panel PDU-15

The remote control panel PDU-15 is intended for the formation of the control commands for electrical signals, their strengthening and the modification of the visual modulation of the pulses of the infrared vibration control. Short impulses and red vibrating trivality 10 µs are modulated double code in such a manner that the interval between the hours of their vigilance changes. So logical 0 (low voltage) is given the main interval of the hour T (for example, T = 100 μs), and logical 1 (high voltage) - 2T.

Rice. 3.

The necessary information, which is sent to the control command, is transmitted by eleven pulses (Fig. 3). In addition, the skin signal of the remote control system should be sent to its warehouse, starting and sounding impulses. Timing interval between the first and other successful ST, between the first and the first information pulse T. Five pulses are sent to transfer the address and six - to transfer the command. Obviously, after pressing the second button on the remote control panel in the fallow in the transferred address and the command intervals trivality, T or 2T, will be changed. Behind the rest of the informational pulse, after the interval of the ST, there is a sounding pulse. At the control panel, the switch is specially designed for this IC type KR1506KhL1 (Fig. 2). Robot ІС is defined by a clock generator, the pulse frequency of which is set foreign elements R1, C1, join between її visnovkami 2 and 3. Resistor R2 changes the inflow, which is expected by the voltage fluctuations to the frequency of the generator. The constant hour of the lancer R2, C1 is to be vibrated stalely according to the frequency of the twisted PDU-15 quartz resonator.

When pressing one of the buttons (S1 - S16) on the remote control panel, one of the connections 10, 13, 15 is connected to one of the connections 16-23 ІС. Skin is the same as the form of the ІС the first command, so that the sequence of impulses, yakі zayavlyayutsya on її vvedennі 5 (div. table below).

Crim IC D1 and buttons S1 and S16 in the lances and key inputs of the remote control panel-15 to eliminate the pressure suppression on transistors VT1, VT3, VT4, voltages with diodes ІЧ viprominyuvannya VD3 - VD5, and voltage shifter on the key transistor VT2. The need for stosuvannya pіdsilyuvаchа pіdsiluvаchі pіїklіkaєє tim, scho vihіdny cascade ІC D1 zdatny vіddavat vіdnazhennja strum no more than 10 mA, and for otrimannja nebhіdnoї range dіії through vіdіnіyuіchі і іdі VD3 - VD5 nebm.

A characteristic feature of the switch is those that the input signal of all transistors is closed. Strum, podzhivaniya pіdsilyuvachem at tsimu vpadku, vyznaєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєєє STRUMAM turn of capacitors С2 and СЗ і do not exceed 50 mkA. Tse allowed to move in the wake of the stagnation of vimikacha of life. While the command buttons S1 - S16 are not pressed and in the pauses between pulses, the capacitors C2, C3 are charged to a voltage close to the voltage of the battery G1 (9) through resistors R4 and R8. When the transistor key VT2 closes, we apply through the resistors R4 and R5 to the base of the positive voltage. When pressing one of the buttons on the remote control panel, positive impulses from the output of 5 ІС go to the base of the VT1 emitter repeater and open it. Tse, in its own way, calls out the output of the transistor VT3, the basis of which is the positive impulses of the VT1 emitter.

From the emitter of the transistor VT3, a positive signal is sent to control the jerell of the stream, and from the collector - a negative impulse to control the key VT2. The transistor key is turned off, and the capacitors C2 and SZ are connected in series through the emitter and collector junctions VT2. As a result, before the output cascade on the VT4 transistors, the voltage of the energy supply is applied.

Diode VD2 pereskodzhaє razryadtsі capacitor SZ through dzherelo zhivlennya that resistor R4. Transistor VT3 together with a zener diode VD1 sets up a constant voltage surge, investing 1 A on the stream.

Rice. 4. The old look of the remote control:

1 - viprominuvach іnfrachervonih promenіv; 2 - buttons for selecting the program and turning on the TV (8 pcs.); 3 - buttons for adjusting the density; 4 – brightness control buttons; 5 - buttons for adjusting the volume; 6 - "Norm" button for setting the intensity and brightness in the middle position; 7 - button to mute the TV (transferring to the draft mode); 8 - krishka vіdsіku zhivlennya.

Rice. 5.

The principle diagram of the primach is shown in fig. 5. To receive infrared signals, a photodiode VD1 is used - a photovoltaic receiver, which can have one-way conductivity when it is injected into a new exchangeable energy. Vin is a conductor conductor, which consists of three areas, which draw p-n-p conductivity. The base to serve as a primary maidan of viprominuvannya. When the photodiode is omitted, we will modulate the infrared by changing it through a new flowing strum, which works out the form with the signal ІЧ viprominuvannya.

Electrical signal is strong front podsiluvach on transistors VT2 - VT5. Transistor VT1 for dynamic photodiode preferences and assignments for suppressing the constant background of the overpowering vibration, created by the robotic heating lamps, fluorescent lamps etc.

From the collector of the transistor VT1, the electric signal should go to the first stage - the repeater VT2, the mode of which is set by the elements R2, R5, VT1. The signal from the emitter of the transistor VT2, which is strengthened by the strum, is at the base of the transistor VT3 - another cascade, is strengthened by tension, inverted and goes to the third cascade of the VT4 power supply. Modes of another and third cascades for fast strum are assigned by resistors R7, R4, R3 і RIO, R9, and for the changeable stream - by resistors R7, R6 and R10 are correct. The collector voltages of the cascades are resistors R8 and R11.

From the emitter of the transistor VT3, a signal of negative frequency-deposited zvorotny zv'azku for strangling the background of an otochuyu viprominyuvannya. The voltage of the low-frequency background is seen by the low-frequency filter R7, C2, R6 and R4, CI, R3 and is located on the base of the VT1 inverter. Resistor R1 determines the mode of the transistor VT1 by strum.

Vision on the input of the third stage - resistors R11 - the pulsed code signal through the expansion capacitor C4 goes to the intermediate VT5, VD2, necessary for signal selection and noise intensity and a jump with an amplitude lower than the threshold. The voltage of the transistor VT5 - resistor R13 - amplification of the inversion signal through contact 3 of the XI switch is fed to the remote control unit A30.2. Resistor R12 serve for closing the transistor VT5 without a signal, and the diode VD2 - for temperature stabilization of the voltage on the first collector.

Remote control module MDU-15

Rice. 6. Schematic diagram of the MDU-15 remote control module. (At the bannerman, tension was induced for the presence of the command.)

From the output of the receiver of the infrared signal transmission, the signal through the contacts 3 of the switches XI (AZO.Z) and X2 of the MDU-15 module is located on the output 16 of the IC D1 microcircuit type KR1506KhL2.

Generation clock frequency oscillates with a quartz resonator BQ1, we will turn on 23 microcircuits KR1506HL2 and the positive pole of the life jacket. Chotiri digital-to-analogue converters (DAC) in KR1506ХЛ2 (DA1 - DA4) vibrate on 2-5 ІС springs in a straight-cut form with a frequency of approximately 17.3 kHz, the sparring of which changes (sparing of straight-cut pulses - in the period of pulse, trivality). Outputs 2, 4, 5 of the DAC are vicorated for keruvannya with the equals of brilliance, richness, thickness.

When commands are given to increase or change the level of radiance, density or thickness, the sprouting of the straight-cut form on the straight-lined view DA1, DA3, DA4 (curves 2, 4, 5) ІC (div. oscillograms 86, 8a, 8c) starts to change. The next cycle of changing the spalling takes approximately 12 s. From the view 2 ІС D1 when the button 11 or 12 is pressed on the remote control panel (div. scheme MDU-15) through the dilnik R3, R7, the impulse voltage is connected to the RC filter R12C5 and far - to the input surgical paramedic- Visnovok 2 І З D4. From the output of the switch (visnovok 13 ІС D4) there is a residual signal formation through the resistor R23, contact 6 of the switch X6 and X7 (A30), contacts of the S2 button in the control unit BO-3-1, contact 1 of the switch X5 (A2) lancers have control over the brightness of the color module.

From the output 4 ІС D1 (when the buttons S13 or S14 are pressed on the remote control panel) through the dilnik R4, R14, the impulse voltage is on the RC filter R15, С6 and farther - at the input of the operating switch - vysnovok 6 ІС D4. From the output of the switch (vysnovok 9 ІС), the signal remains formed through the resistor R24, pin 7 of the switch X6 and X7 (AZO), contacts of the button S2 in the control unit, contact 2 of the switch X5 (A2) is fed into the control panel of the color module .

View 5 ІС D1 (when buttons S15 or S16 are pressed on the remote control panel) signal through the relay R5, R8, C7, pin 1 of the switch X6 and X7 (A30), pins 13, 14 of the S2 button in the control unit, pin 6 z'ednuvacha X9 (A1) should be at the control station of the module to the radio channel of the TV.

The integrated circuit D4 type K157UD2 is recognized for the use of the great external support IC D1 with the interference in the lances of the regulation of brightness and intensity. When a voltage is applied to the IC D1, the internal DAC 1-4 are restored to the position (div. oscillogram 86 in Fig. 7), as it confirms the average value of brightness and intensity.

Commands for switching the program - pushing the buttons S3 - S10 on the remote control panel until they appear on the 8-10 ІС D1 (input PA, RV, PC register program number code) voltage impulses, which are applied to the key inputs A0, A1, A2 І, 10, 9) ІС D2 type K561KP2 (div. table).

Fallow to the code, tobto. a combination of these impulses, on the output of IC D2 there is a voltage impulse 12, which through the X1 (A10.X2) switch goes to the USU-1-15-1 attachment and turns on the selected program. When submitting a living at the moment the SDU is turned on, the register code of the program number is in outside station the first program is turned on.

The remote control system for its own robotic vicorist autonomous life-cycle: a 9-volt battery of the "Krona" type on the remote control and stabilizers in the MDU-15 module, which consists of elements T1, VD1, ZZ, D3, R19, VD2, C11, C12. When the voltage is turned on, press the S1 button on the remote control panel to switch the TV to the black mode. The voltage is measured through the closed contacts of the button S1 in the control unit A9, contacts 1, 3 of the switches X17 (A30) and X4 (A9) go to the primary winding (visnovki 1, 2) of the transformer T1. The voltage, which is taken from the secondary winding (wires 3, 4) of the transformer, is rectified by a block of silicon diodes VD1, smoothed by a capacitor SZ and fed to a voltage stabilizer 12, tapped on elements D3 type KR142EN8B, R19, VD2. Z'dnannya vvedennya 8 microcircuits of the voltage stabilizer D3 with the housing allows you to select a bipolar voltage: 12 V - 6.2 V. The stabilizer VD2 safely removes the stabilized voltage - 6.2, the resistor R19 sets the nominal voltage VD2. Capacitors C11 C12 are used to excite the stabilizer.

To control the extension and turn off the TV in the drawer mode, the internal trigger IC D1 (visnovok 19) is fired. Turning on the TV set is done in one of two ways, with a skin trigger N (visnovok 19) is transferred to such a camp, so that a voltage of 12 Art. The first way is to give from the remote control remote control, be it eight commands to select programs; another way is to press the S4 button (“Show the TV” on the control block). With another method, on the vision of 19 ІС D1, the voltage is 12 per hour, not less than 10 seconds. Arrival of dzherela 12 To visnovka 19 ІС D1 is carried out along the line: vysnovka 2 ІС D3, contacts 4 contacts X5 and X5 (AZO.Z), contacts 2 and 3 buttons S4 in BO, contacts 3 contacts X5 (AZO.Z ) i X5, resistor R27, pin 19 ІС D1 Positive voltage output 19 Z D1 through the lance R27, R29 go to the base of the transistor VT4 and vibrate it. Through the winding of the KV1.2 relay, which is included in the collector of the lancet transistor, the stream begins to flow. The contacts of the KV1.2 relay flicker the supply voltage to the live filter board A12 to the live TV block 3USCT.

When a command is given to the TV's switch, press the S1 button on the remote control panel, the trigger N in IC D1 is transferred, and on the output (visnovok 19 ІC), a negative voltage is restored, like, through resistors R27, R29 to the base of the transistor VT4, it closes. The strum is connected through the relay winding KV1, the relay contacts are switched off and turn on the voltage of the wires in the contacts of the X7 (A12) switch. TB vimikaetsya (transfer to chergovy mode).

For indication of work, I will add a remote control by victorizing a single vibrator, picking on transistors VT2, VT3. In the next mode, after the voltage is turned on, the transistor VT2 closes, the potential of the base is lower than the potential at the emitter, and the transistor VT3 is closed. Transistor VT3 locks lance: dzherelo 12, resistor R26, collector-emitter transition of transistor VT3, diode VD3, contact 10 of the switch X6 (A9) and X7 (A30), indicator light HL3 in control unit A9, housing. The light of the HL3 indicator in the SU signalizes that the TV set is switching to the draft mode.

When the TV is turned on, the transistor VT4 curves, the potential on the collector becomes close to zero and the one-shot is switched: the transistor VT2 curves, and VT3 closes, the HL3 indicator on the control unit does not light up.

Be it a command, transmitted by the remote control panel and that it came to IC D1, it appears on the output 17 IC D1 at the sight of a sequence of negative impulses (div. oscillogram 7 in Fig. 10.8), like from the log R17, R22 are on the input single vibrator - VT transistor. The first negative pulse is thrown over by a single vibrator, with which the transistor VT2 closes, VT3 turns off, the lantern of the indicator HL3 flashes on the BO. Trivality of the impulse of the single vibrator is indicated by the lance of the positive circulating link C10, R18 in parallel with the input dilnik R17, R22 and 1/16 s. The single vibrator works for the whole hour, while negative impulses are coming to the VT2 base, until the button on the remote control is pressed. It is safe to use the level of light of the HL3 indicator.

From the emitter lance of the one-shot through the resistor R21, the control signals go to the base of the transistor VT1, which together with the elements R16, R4 establishes an integrator, assignments for applying the zero potential to the input V (visnovka 6) ІС D2 pіd hour of giving commands to the DC. If the remote control commands are not given, the transistor VT1 closes and a positive potential for charging the capacitor C4 through R16 is established at the input of the microcircuit, which allows the programs to be switched manually from the front panel of the TV.

Rice. 7. The form of impulses and oscillograms on the elements of the remote control system. (Oscillograms 2-5 are pointed when pressing the S3 button when the first program is received; oscillogram 8 is pointed for three equals.)

Remember, like in the cartoon “Three from Prostokvashino”, Uncle Fyodor’s mother said: “I get so tired on the robot that I can’t watch TV to marvel!” Mabut, tsya phrase є vodpoviddu on food, why all the modern pobutova equipment can infrared remote control (PDU). But as soon as we grow up, then everything started a lot earlier.

MPC with wires

The first robots from remote control were engaged in by the Germans, for example, the 1930s, even before the beginning of the Other light war. The object of automation is lamp primach. The control panel is equipped with a metal panel with buttons. The pressing of the button led to the activation of a victorious mechanism - a relay, an electromagnet or a motor. Z'ednannya mizh such a remote control and priymachem bulo vykonano with a rich cable, scho all the same tied the listener to the singing month.

Similar remotes are small radyansk lamp TVs of the first class. The chain was a small plastic box with a thickness regulator, torn apart from a TV set. Crim of goodness, such a remote control could not be cured by anything. Ale peevni zruchnosti such a remote control, without a trace, creating. Even though there were no nasty advertisements, and the film had to be marveled from the cob to the end.

Ultrasonic MPC

The first non-dartless remote control of the remote control is making its appearance in the world of the American Hasso Plattner. In 1972, after joining IBM, he organized his own company and, as a method of establishing business contacts and connections, often traveled all over the world. On one of the speakers from the ceramic company JVC, it became embarrassing.

Under the hour of discussion of the problem, Plattner got up and went to the TV, to show a detail on the screen with his finger. Ale, it’s not clear to the screen, stumbling on the cable of the remote keruvannya. Having spilled a cocktail on the suit and said in his hearts: “Hiba couldn’t you switch the channels on the radio?” And yet, through the river, the first console appeared at the ultrasonic exchanges.

The yoga principle is based on applying your own frequency when pressing on the skin button. Ultrasound was captured by a microphone and poked by a subsilver, which had a few parallel channels from resonant circuits. At the exits of these channels, there were strong voltages. For such a method of coding the channels, it turned out to be too rich.

The further development of electronics, the appearance of microcircuits by INTEL, made it possible to work with such a high-frequency coding. At one ultrasonic frequency per day different ways modulation, it became possible to transmit a lot more commands, lower for a lot of frequency coding. One of the first devices equipped with an ultrasonic remote control is an RCA television. The coding of commands was carried out for additional pulse-width modulation (PWM).

Qi consoles are small low nedolіkіv. Before us are great dimensions and the tightness of the posture. The reason for this is that ultrasonic vibrance is more likely to be worn with objects - clothes, soft furniture, kilims. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the intensity of the vibration, because the term of battery life was short.

Rice. 1. First remote controls

Specialized microcircuits for MPC

On the right, it was written shortly after the fact that INTEL built its first microprocessor 8080. The new development was taken as a basis by GRUNDIG and MAGNAVOX, as they built the first special microprocessor. І here the processor generates required code digital command under the push button. In such a rank, a microcircuit for the remote control is specialized - nothing else, like an already flashed program. Such MPCs were called TELEPILOT.

Remote control on IC exchanges

The first color TV set with microprocessor control and a remote control (RC) on ІCh exchanges of inputs jointly by GRUNDIG and MAGNAVOX companies already in 1974. Already in this model, the number of the channel that is being switched is shown in the corner of the screen (OSD system). Tsya command system won the name ITT. Ce buv first stock company GRUNDIG.

The PHILIPS company was engaged in further work at the remote control room, as it developed the RC-5 command system. Nova system allowed to encode 2048 commands, which outweighed the number of commands from the ITT system four times. The carrier frequency was selected at 36 kHz, which did not respect the transmissions of European radio stations and robotic consoles with ultrasonic transmissions with a frequency of 30 and 40 kHz, and also ensured a sufficient range of reception.

But electronic technology did not stand on the ground, but, as if showing one movie character, it went forward by leaps and bounds. Televisions were upgraded, video recorders and music centers appeared, satellite tuners, CD and DVD programmers and a lot more.

To manage the new technology, new remote control units were needed, and it was necessary to develop new microcircuits. Such microcircuits were developed by SIEMENS and THOMSON. Carrying the frequency of the new remote control was also 36KHz, but there was another method of signal modulation - two-phase modulation. With such modulation, the carrier frequency was stable, which ensured an increase in range, an increase in noise immunity and reliability of work.

A further contribution to the development of remote control systems was again made by PHILIPS. On the cob of the 90 years of the last century, won all the best that was in the RC-5 and SIEMENS systems. The product, which we see, having taken the name "Unified Command System". The essence of the offensive. The remote control of this system can function "MENU 1" and "MENU 2". In the skin of these functions, the button itself can select different commands, and exit, with a smaller number of buttons you can select a larger number of commands.

Over the years, control panels have penetrated to many other areas of butovo technology. ІЧ viprominyuvannyam in danish hour to be controlled by air conditioners, fans, wall heaters, . Find some models of car radio and digital cameras to use remote control.

With all the different remote controls and their installations, the stench is practically the same: the infrared light of the remote control, when the buttons are pressed, the packets of infrared impulses (spalah) are received, as they are received by the photodetector (“eye”) of the TV set or other. The current integrated photodetector is an attachment to make folds, even if you don’t want to say anything at a glance. The starry look of the photo receiver is shown to the little 2.

Baby 2. Photo primer

Receiver for receiving pulses with a carrier frequency of 36KHz, which complies with the RC-5 protocol. Just turn on, for example, the type of battery, ІХ light diode, then it’s unblinkingly lit on the “eye” of the “eye” in any way, it’s not repairable, just bring this light lens up to the photo receiver. Also, day and piece light does not flow in. Such a vibrancy is conditioned by the fact that in lancius the signal of the photodetector is strengthened - a dark filter. Structural diagram photo primer shows little 3.

Malyunok 3. Structural diagram of a photo primer

Here, the RC-5 protocol will not be reportedly explained, but the shards are farther apart, but it’s better to repair the remote control, but the ignorance is not in the line. If you are interested in learning about the RC-5 protocol, you can find it on the Internet. Tse vzhe theme okremoї statti.

Pristry MPC

For all variations of modern remote control, all models of power supply may be the same. The main consideration is most often old-fashioned in the design of the annex. As it was assigned to the first part of the article, the basis of the daily remote control is the microcontroller specialization. The program in the MK is recorded at the process of preparation at the factory and can not be changed later. When included in the scheme of such an MK, a minimum number of hanging parts is required. The scheme of the daily remote control is shown in small 4.

Figure 4. Scheme of the daily remote control panel

The basis of the whole add-on is the U1 microcircuit type SAA3010P. If you want the letters can be different, what can we say about the other company of the chip maker. Ale, the numbers, however, are overwritten with 3010.

As it was appointed more, there are no hanging details. Nasampered, tse, hocha tse we don’t know for sure. Another purpose is the synchronization of the internal microcircuit generator, which ensures the required clock characteristics of the output signal.

At the bottom right corner of the diagram, a matrix of keys (KEY MATRIX) is shown. Її rows are adjoined to DR0…DR7 visnovkі, and stovpts are similar to X0…X7 visnovki. When pressing on a button, one pair of steps - a row, is locked, and at the output of the microcircuit, a pulse sequence is generated, which in turn pushes the pressed button. The skin button sees its sequence and other times! In total, you can connect 8 * 8 = 64 buttons, but in fact you can have less.

The output signal looks like the voltage pulses are coming to the shutter field effect transistor VT1, which controls the robot of the IC light diode VD1. Control algorithm in to this particular type even simpler: the transistor turned on - the light diode turned on, the transistor closed, - the light diode went out. At this time, it seems that the transistor works in the key mode. Following such spalls, packets of impulses are formed, in accordance with the RC-5 control protocol.

The live circuit is carried out in two galvanic elements of type AA, the energy of which is less than the minimum per river. In parallel with the batteries, there is an electric capacitor C1, which shunts the internal support of the batteries, continuing the terms of their service and ensuring safety normal work Remote control with batteries, scho pidsil. Svetlodiod in the pulsed mode can reduce the strum up to 1A.

After looking at the scheme of the remote control, it seems that we can say that with such a simple extension there is absolutely nothing, but it’s not so. The PDU itself is the most responsible for inaccuracies to the TV manager. About those, how to repair the remote control, as well as the main “ailments”, as well as how and how to vilify, will be described in another part of the article.

Tim, scho without drotovy universal remote control panel (RC) to bring in penny zruchnosti pіd hspluatatsії pobutovoї tehniki, wait all. The hour, if the victorist was a vicarious podovzhuvach, like a DK, the next day was gone in the past.

For the help of this attachment, you can use the robot to repair a lot of butt fittings, repairing the computer and completing such a simple operation, like increasing the light, everything that is necessary, connect the controller of the remote control panel.

Apply implementations

Vrahovyuchi, which is equal to the illumination of energy-saving light bulbs, we don’t see, there is only one option left - vmikati and vimikati їх. Let's put a spear of butts, how to organize a remote lighting from the remote control.

A remote switch is the simplest option, for which a socket (or a group of sockets) is required for the help of a remote control, you can connect lamps and other accessories to it. Tobto for uvіmknennya or vimknennya of the central illumination of attachments is not suitable.

Like another butt simple solution, you can set the option, if the controller, which receives a signal from the control panel, is inserted into the socket of an electric light bulb.

In this case, the control panel can simultaneously work with a group of controllers, which allows you to regulate the illumination, including the same amount of light bulbs on the chandelier. But this option also has its own shortcomings:

• more universality, so that only the robot of electric lamps can be controlled;
• a small expansion of the body to cause overheating of the electronic control, which becomes the cause of a non-trivial term of exploitation, especially suffers from Chinese virobniks.

The remote control and the controller for controlling the electrical power, the representations a little lower, allow you to feed life to three channels, with which the tension of the skin can be up to 1000W. So you can not only turn on the lighting, but also turn on the electric power, for example, the pump.

Note that the receiver is not equipped with a remote control controller, in which case you may have a universal remote control, which is suitable for operating a TV (Sony, Samsung, etc.), an air conditioner (Toshiba, Daewoo, Philips, etc.), a camera (Nicon) otherwise, wind the barrier with a lock.

Such universal attachments of remote control (remotes) produce a wide variety of electronic products, for example: JVC, Sony, Panasonic, BBK, Samsung, Thomson, Pioneer, Canon, etc.

We respect that mobile phones You can use the "universal infrared remote control" option, for example, such a function is available for some models of Nokia and Apple.

Everything that is necessary after the arrival of the universal maximum allowable concentration - all the adjustments, code for which the instructions should be sent to the attachment.

Speaking about the care of lighting behind the help of a remote control, it is impossible not to guess about such a concept, like the “Smart House”, the controller is the basis, programming of which is via USB-connection for the help of a laptop or a computer.

For such an implementation, a small amount of programming modes can be displayed on the remote control to illuminate the booth and the territory of the farm, for example:

• chergové vysvitlennya;
• night mode;
• the regime of svyatkovy pіdsvіchuvannya;
• illumination of singing rooms is thin.

To select the next mode, just press the same buttons on the remote control.

Tipi outbuildings

Consoles, which remotely control lighting, are classified in fallowness according to the principle of transmitting a signal to the controller (a relay that signals for turning on the light). The largest are two types of outbuildings, leather, for some of their own features, which signify the advantages and disadvantages:

• ІЧ remotes, surrounded by a small radius of air, they have an infrared light bulb, which transmits a signal to a distance of up to 12 meters. Such extensions can only work with the controller’s robot in the line-of-sight boundaries, so that you can’t get into the lighting in the garden room. Advantages of ІЧ PDU – low varity;
• Radio remote control kits cost a lot more than infrared analogs, but the radius of theirs is significantly larger (up to 100 meters), of course, the stench can be handled by the controller, which is located behind the wall in another area. Significantly expanding the scope of zastosuvannya, zokrem, radio remote controls are suitable for the receiver.

The radio transmitters transmit the signal with a specially introduced frequency, so their sales are not affected by the exchange of trade in radio devices.

It is important to note that the programmed controllers that are included in the basis of the "Smart House" system can GSM module, which allows you to cherubate him for help mobile call. At such a time, the mother has a phone with a touchpad, on which a special program is installed.

To manage such a system, it is not necessary to learn, the operator sends a key command to the controller for an additional phone, the program completes and sends a signal to the radio relay for vikonannya nіy, for example, turn off the lawn watering tap or turn off the lighting.

Robimo independently caring for lighting

To create with your own hands a system for lighting lighting behind the help of a remote control is clumsy, we show it, as if you were working on the butt of a splendid chandelier and a set of Elektrostandard.

If your location is Moscow or St. Petersburg, then such a set can be bought for $7-$8, in other regions you need to pay for the delivery time of the remote control and the remote controller. You can wick a set of other selections, for example: Elenberg, Gal, Hama, IRC, Remote, etc.

Video: Diagnostics and repair of the remote control panel

Respectfully, that some brands are at risk of being blamed for inaccuracies in remote control keruvannya or the controller is very low, all repairs will be carried out to the point that it is necessary to replace the battery or clean the contacts.

The connection diagram of the controller for remote control of lighting behind the auxiliary control panel, as can be seen on the little one below, is painted directly on the building's enclosure, which means that there are no problems.

We select a chandelier and select a place for the controller's accommodation.

It is necessary to connect the chandelier lamps to the controller, as indicated on the diagram, which is located on the first building.

After that, that chandelier is taken up, then the battery is installed in the remote control. For verification of practicality, it is not necessary to use any kind of accessories, it is enough from the remote control to send a signal to the receiver.

TV does not turn on remote Why don't the channels flicker, why don't the volume adjust, and do the other buttons work normally? Such symptoms malfunctions of the remote control know mayzhe skin. The inadequacy of the remote control is the most wide-spread and stretches from the moment the remote controls themselves appeared, but the vibrators did not get used to the daily radical approaches to their adoption. Mayzhe zі 100-hundred-thousand-thirty-thousand-thousand-thirty reason for such a malfunction is the erasure or obstruction of the jet-guided ball of the contact buttons. There are two changes in the practicality of the remote control panel in this way:

- First- do not fool around and buy a new remote control. Varto respect, scho, buying a cheap (not original) remote control, You risk closing in on the price, or another breakdown already in the first month. To that, if you remember the remote control, then, if possible, buy the original remote control and not in the "sharashka cantor". Save your nerves and pennies.

- other- Independently repair the remote control. Tse does not imply knowledge of electronics and is available to anyone, regardless of the time. If you can’t see the batteries, you can see the batteries from the remote control, you can’t see the “unsafe” electrics” in the remote control. 20 hvilin you can do everything yourself, before that, if there is a new remote control, you can check such a share and the first repair will not be marnim.

Varto respect, that for a rare vinnyatk, the masters of repair will not be engaged in similar renovations, otherwise the varity will be equal to the price of a new remote control. If you have lied, then do it yourself, everything is simple, but I will help you with this article.

On the cob, once again we sing on

Diagnostics of the malfunction of the remote control of the TV, tuner, air conditioner, or be it some other technology

If the attachment is not connected to the remote control and the button is not working, then replace the batteries at once. With weak batteries, it is possible to react to the buttons once or twice, after sleeping, then it does not react, after an hour (20-30 minutes) I will react again once or twice. It is also worth noting about the worn out batteries, if you need to replace them. If it’s not better, then there is an inconsistency in the electronics. Dali, depending on your qualifications and bazhannya, make a decision about self-repair. Tse not our type and require repair knowledge of electronics.

Checking remote control with a digital camera.

For some it is enough to point the remote control at the camera lens or mobile phone and press the button. At the moment, take a picture of the remote control without spalah. If the remote control or the button is correct, then in the photo there will be a bright white flame on the spot of the IC-light. If the light will be seen in the photograph, then the reason for the great imovirnistyu is in the receiver, which is in the TV or other technology like your remote control. Visnovok about repairs, like the first point.

Just don’t practice, but practice (react to the onslaught) for 2-10 try, less than a sprat of buttons, which are most often victorious, then this is our fall. Let's take a look at the ways to resolve the inaccuracies of the MPC.

Attachment of the remote control panel

All remote controls are similar to attachments. Main components:

Frame. Folded from two halves, glued or twisted.

Fixed fee. On the board there is a small microchip, a few radio elements, an infrared light diode, battery connector contacts and a contact box near the stream-conducting tracks.

Gummed overlay with buttons.

Batteries.

Removing the DC remote control

Batteries are taken on the cob, then we marvel at the buried presence of crepe screws in the battery. The stench can be under stickers. Pass on the sticker with a twist, as if it were to be sold here, which means that there is a screw under it. Look around the whole body for the presence of the guins. Yakshko є, vіdkruchuє everything i divide the body into two halves. The body is dodatkovo up to gvintiv, but it can be on clasps. There is no such thing as a twist, the entire corpus of the selections is only on clasps. Buvay, dodatkovo sche th gluing, but do not panic, everyone will understand.

Beremo be-yaky lower and kіnchik gently slip into the gap in the middle of the body and try to open the halves until a clatter appears. Click to talk about those that one of the zasuvoks blew up. Here it is important to know and rozchepit first stigma, reshta pіde simpler. Try to work everything carefully, so as not to break the blot, but to wind one or two breaks, don’t hit, the remote control doesn’t curl up louder, in extreme situations it’s easy to stick a drop of superglue. It is also possible to split two with thin twists, or use the lower twist.

If you take the remote control up, then it’s better to use a knife with a twist. The back of the twist of the twist is put into the gap between the halves of the body i, rightly, protruding the twist to the body, joke the first blot. As soon as you knew, click, and then you fill the twist with the striving white of the zasovka, and already far away you continue to practice with the tip of the knife. If you reach the step with a knife with a knife, you can insert another twist and continue the ruh with the tip of the knife, or continue the ruh with the first twist. Work hard in a way that suits you best.

Give the board and gum cover with buttons. The battery socket has holes, and the spring contacts of the batteries are inserted in the yak. Before that, how to draw a handed fee, remember how stench to stand at the grooves, so that when folded, the power does not vanish. Most of all, the contact springs are soldered to the board and do not insert otherwise.

First, lower the ball of buttons, it is recommended to simply clean the bottom. Sometimes the confusion can be seen "with no clear eye".

To finish the whole space often, the humic base with buttons was de-stashed, filled with a transparent, sticky and viscous motherland that looked like epoxy resin, which I guess, only without hardening. Motherland is smeared with a neat thin ball, bowls with small dots. Tsya sticky motherland peresbuvaє skrіz. On the upper and lower sides of the gum base of buttons, on the upper part of the body with sockets for buttons. Upper part pay with contact maidanchiks tezh is smeared with cim glue.

Pohodzhennya tsgogo glue is a subject of discussion and navit superechok at the stakes of repairmen. Some people seem to think that the fat comes from the fingers, others, that the vaporization comes from the batteries. But why aren't the lower parts of the plate covered with these same vipars, why are there no details?

The most humous version is given about those who are sticky from the floor and walk well from the humic basis. Guma nіbi potіє, vypuskayuchi іz themselves namі plastіkatori, scho to talk about the destruction of the technology of production of humotechnіchnyh virobіv. The axis only provides food, why are there so many such substandard selections? It is practical to take care of this at the skin console, if there is a similar injustice.

You need to clean it with a sweet or other miyuchim way, but not with alcohol, acetone, as much as you can bring to a new level of MPC.
A good result can be brought by the washing of the payment and the gumki with the buttons not only with hot water, but also from the zastosuvannyam soba for the mitt's dishes, or the gentleman's sweet.

Rinse next, with soft ganchirochka, with rags, to get wet, so as not to erase the graphite coating. It’s better, as before them, as if you’re drinking snotty pours, the details of the selected remote control for the next hour, whilin 20 ... After the wash, do not wipe, but pokat, until the details dry and take the remote control less than the next. You can use a hair dryer to speed up drying.

Do not remove the remote control again, put on the buttons, insert batteries and reverse the procedure. Yakshto everything works - take it and koristuytes. As if the injustice was gone, let's move on to another stage of renewal. At certain times of the day, you can skip the appointment and immediately go to the next day. Intuition will help you.

For quiet, hto tsіkavitsya, є rіznyh vidіv.

Method 1. Superglue and foil squares

For additional glue, carefully stick pieces of foil on the contact maidanchiki "kilimka". Foil can be taken from tsukerok (clean), chocolates, and more often from packs of cigarettes. Aluminum foil with a paper base from cigarette packs is glued on to dry and just be like glue like "Moment" or superglue from small tubes. Piglets can be made both square and round. It is possible to speed up with a splitter of a large diameter. As a result, it may seem like this.

Method 2. Double-sided tape and foil

Smuzhka with a length of 5-7 cm of double-sided tape should be pasted onto the foil, cut off the edges of the foil, do not use tape. Let's sweat the foil with scotch tape "pass" through the stylus, we need to repair the buttons, or we need to repair the knives. It is also possible to zastosuvat zlamanu telescopic antenna. It is taken according to the diameter of the lank and mugs hang on the slope. If the mugs are ready, stick the remote control keys on the non-working Maidan. You can not fool around with circles, but virіzati squares.

Dodatkovo, you can carefully, with the help of a tree, see the ball of strum-conducting gumi from the buttons in front of the sticker. Sound, the ball is approximately 0.5-1.0 mm.

Method 3. Midny drіt

You need a medium drill with a diameter of 0.2-0.4. For the help of a hammer, it is flattened її on be-yakіy kovadli with an interval of approximately 1 div. )

the left end of the element is built into the button, it is possible to order with the button, we bend at the element (--O) the flattened part over the stream-gumming gum

It’s good to close it, such an option to do it for a long time.

The simplest option is a metal shackle from a stapler. Bend-shorten the contact maidanchik behind the size and squeeze it into the gum in such a position, so that when the shackles are pressed, the contacts on the board flicker.

Method 4. Stream-conducting adhesives or varnishes

Another option for repairing the remote control is to smear the buttons with stream-carrying adhesives and varnishes, for example, “Kontaktol” or “Elast”. With the drive of which method, there are also many different thoughts, which is better is still not clear. Mabut, everything is simple: whoever has done good, praise and navpaki.

Method 5. Repair kit

Ready-made repair kits are sold specifically for the repair of MPC. Koshtuyut cheap - smut to know. At the bag there is a tube of glue and round gum puffs with graphite coatings. Just smear it, and glue it wherever you need it. Navit є іnstruktsії how to glue.

The best option for a repair kit is self-adhesive patches. Everything is already simple here. The axis of such vipadkah is not to mess with rubbing the gum buttons with alcohol or another retailer.

Usі options pratsezdatnі and perevіrenі in practice. Choose whether it is, which suits you better. Hai be happy.